Tšabo e Tloaelehileng le e Ikhethileng ea Hlalosoa
Litaba
- Lethathamo le tloaelehileng la phobias
- Phobias e ikhethang
- Kakaretso ea litšabo tsohle ho fihlela joale
- Ho phekola phobia
- Tsela
Kakaretso
Phobia ke tšabo e sa utloahaleng ea ntho e ka 'nang ea se ke ea baka kotsi. Lentsoe ka bolona le tsoa lentsoeng la Segerike phobos, e bolelang tshabo kapa ho tshoha.
Ka mohlala, Hydrophobia e fetolela ho tšaba metsi.
Ha motho e mong a e-na le phobia, ba ba le tšabo e matla ea ntho kapa boemo bo itseng. Phobias e fapane le tšabo e tloaelehileng hobane e baka khatello ea maikutlo, mohlomong e sitisa bophelo ba lapeng, mosebetsing kapa sekolong.
Batho ba nang le phobias ba qoba ntho kapa boemo ba phobic ka mafolofolo, kapa ba e mamella ka tšabo e matla kapa matšoenyeho.
Phobias ke mofuta oa lefu la ho tšoenyeha. Mathata a ho tšoenyeha a atile haholo. Ho hakanngoa hore li ama liperesente tse fetang 30 tsa batho ba baholo ba U.S. ka nako e 'ngoe maphelong a bona.
Bukeng ea Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Khatiso ea Bohlano (DSM-5), American Psychiatric Association e hlahisa li-phobias tse 'maloa tse tloaelehileng.
Agoraphobia, tšabo ea libaka kapa maemo a bakang tšabo kapa ho hloka thuso, e khetholloa e le tšabo e tloaelehileng e nang le ts'oaetso ea eona e ikhethang. Li-phobias tsa sechaba, tseo e leng tšabo e amanang le maemo a sechaba, le tsona li khetholloa ka tlhahlobo e ikhethang.
Li-phobias tse khethehileng ke karolo e pharaletseng ea phobias e ikhethang e amanang le lintho le maemo a itseng. Li-phobias tse khethehileng li ama batho ba baholo ba Amerika ba hakanyetsoang ho karolo ea 12,5 lekholong.
Phobias e tla ka mefuta eohle le boholo. Hobane ho na le palo e sa feleng ea lintho le maemo, lethathamo la phobias tse ikhethang le lelelele haholo.
Ho ea ka DSM, phobias tse khethehileng li oela ka har'a mekhahlelo e mehlano e akaretsang:
- tšabo e amanang le liphoofolo (likho, lintja, likokoanyana)
- tšabo e amanang le tikoloho ea tlhaho (bophahamo, sealuma, lefifi)
- tšabo e amanang le mali, kotsi, kapa litaba tsa bongaka (liente, masapo a robehileng, ho oa)
- tšabo e amanang le maemo a itseng (ho fofa, ho palama lifti, ho khanna)
- tse ling (ho bipetsa, lerata le phahameng, ho khangoa ke metsi)
Mekhahlelo ena e kenyelletsa palo e sa feleng ea lintho le maemo a ikhethang.
Ha ho na lethathamo la semmuso la phobias ho feta se boletsoeng ho DSM, kahoo lingaka le bafuputsi ba iketsetsa mabitso ha ho hlokahala. Sena se etsoa ka ho kopanya sehlongwapele sa Greek (kapa ka linako tse ling tsa Latin) se hlalosang phobia le the -phobia sehlongwa.
Mohlala, tšabo ea metsi e ka reoa ka ho kopanya hydro (metsi) le phobia (tshabo).
Hape ho na le ntho e kang ho tšaba tšabo (phobophobia). Sena se hlile se atile ho feta kamoo o ka nahanang.
Batho ba nang le mathata a ho tšoenyeha ka linako tse ling ba tšoha ha ba le maemong a itseng. Litlhaselo tsena tsa tšabo li ka ba tse sa thabiseng hoo batho ba etsang sohle se matleng a bona ho li qoba nakong e tlang.
Ka mohlala, haeba u tšoha ha u tsamaea ka sekepe, u ka tšaba ho tsamaea ka sekepe nakong e tlang, empa u ka tšaba ho tšoha kapa ho tšaba ho ba le hydrophobia.
Lethathamo le tloaelehileng la phobias
Ho ithuta phobias e ikhethileng ke mohato o rarahaneng. Batho ba bangata ha ba batle kalafo bakeng sa maemo ana, ka hona linyeoe ha li tlalehe.
Li-phobias tsena le tsona lia fapana ho latela boiphihlelo ba setso, bong le lilemo.
Phuputso ea 1998 ea batho ba fetang 8 000 ba arabelitsoeng e phatlalalitse hore tse ling tsa phobias tse tloaelehileng li kenyelletsa:
- acrophobia, tšabo ea libaka tse phahameng
- aerophobia, tšabo ea ho fofa
- arachnophobia, tšabo ea likho
- astraphobia, tšabo ea lialuma le lehalima
- autophobia, tšabo ea ho ba mong
- claustrophobia, ho tšaba libaka tse koaletsoeng kapa tse petetsaneng
- hemophobia, tšabo ea mali
- hydrophobia, tšabo ea metsi
- ophidiophobia, tšabo ea linoha
- zoophobia, tšabo ea liphoofolo
Phobias e ikhethang
Li-phobias tse khethehileng li tloaetse ho totobala ka mokhoa o makatsang. Tse ling haholo hoo li ka amang batho ba fokolang ka nako e le 'ngoe.
Tsena li thata ho khetholla hobane batho ba bangata ha ba tlalehe lingaka tsa bona ka tšabo e sa tloaelehang.
Mehlala ea tse ling tsa phobias tse sa tloaelehang e kenyelletsa:
- alektorophobia, tshabo ya dikgoho
- onomatophobia, tšabo ea mabitso
- pogonophobia, tšabo ea litelu
- nephophobia, tšabo ea maru
- cryophobia, tšabo ea leqhoa kapa serame
Kakaretso ea litšabo tsohle ho fihlela joale
A | |
Achluophobia | Ho tšaba lefifi |
Ho ipolaea | Ho tšaba libaka tse phahameng |
Aerophobia | Ho tšaba ho fofa |
Algophobia | Ho tšaba bohloko |
Alektorophobia | Ho tšaba likhoho |
Agoraphobia | Ho tšaba libaka tsa sechaba kapa matšoele |
Aichmophobia | Ho tšaba linalete kapa lintho tse supiloeng |
Amaxophobia | Ho tšaba ho palama koloi |
Androphobia | Ho tšaba batho |
Anginophobia | Ho tšaba angina kapa ho bipetsana |
Anthophobia | Ho tšaba lipalesa |
Anthropophobia | Ho tšaba batho kapa sechaba |
Aphenphosmphobia | Tšabo ea ho angoa |
Arachnophobia | Ho tšaba likho |
Palo ea lipalo | Ho tšaba lipalo |
Astraphobia | Ho tšaba lialuma le lehalima |
Ataxophobia | Ho tšaba ho hloka taolo kapa ho se tsotelle |
Atelophobia | Ho tšaba ho se phethahale |
Atychiphobia | Ho tšaba ho hloleha |
Boitšoaro | Ho tšaba ho ba mong |
B | |
Bacteriophobia | Ho tšaba libaktheria |
Barophobia | Ho tšaba matla a khoheli |
Bathmophobia | Ho tšaba litepisi kapa matsoapo |
Batrachophobia | Ho tšaba liphoofolo tse phelang metsing |
Belonephobia | Ho tšaba lithakhisa le linalete |
Bibliophobia | Ho tšaba libuka |
Botanophobia | Ho tšaba limela |
C | |
Lehloyo | Ho tšaba bobe |
Catagelophobia | Ho tšaba ho songoa |
Catoptrophobia | Ho tšaba liipone |
Chionophobia | Ho tšaba lehloa |
Chromophobia | Ho tšaba mebala |
Chronomentrophobia | Ho tšaba lioache |
Claustrophobia | Ho tšaba libaka tse koaletsoeng |
Coulrophobia | Ho tšaba li-clown |
Cyberphobia | Ho tšaba lik'homphieutha |
Boipelaetso | Ho tšaba lintja |
D | |
Dendrophobia | Ho tšaba lifate |
Dentophobia | Ho tšaba lingaka tsa meno |
Domatophobia | Ho tšaba matlo |
Dystychiphobia | Ho tšaba likotsi |
Mohl | |
Ecophobia | Tšabo ea lapeng |
Elurophobia | Ho tšaba likatse |
Boitšoaro bo bobe | Ho tšaba likokoanyana |
Ephebiphobia | Ho tšaba bacha |
Tekano | Tšabo ea lipere |
F, G | |
Pherekano | Tšabo ea lenyalo |
Genuphobia | Ho tšaba mangole |
Bofebe | Ho tšaba ho bua phatlalatsa |
Gynophobia | Ho tšaba basali |
H | |
Heliophobia | Ho tšaba letsatsi |
Hemophobia | Ho tšaba mali |
Herpetophobia | Ho tšaba lihahabi |
Hydrophobia | Ho tšaba metsi |
Hypochondria | Ho tšaba ho kula |
IK | |
Iatrophobia | Ho tšaba lingaka |
Likokoana-hloko | Ho tšaba likokoanyana |
Koinoniphobia | Tšabo ea likamore tse tletseng batho |
L | |
Leukophobia | Ho tšaba 'mala o mosoeu |
Lilapsophobia | Ho tšaba maholiotsoana le maholiotsoana |
Lockiophobia | Ho tšaba ho beleha |
M | |
Mageirocophobia | Ho tšaba ho pheha |
Megalophobia | Ho tšaba lintho tse kholo |
Melanophobia | Ho tšaba 'mala o motšo |
Microphobia | Ho tšaba lintho tse nyane |
Mysophobia | Ho tšaba litšila le likokoana-hloko |
N | |
Necrophobia | Ho tšaba lefu kapa lintho tse shoeleng |
Noctiphobia | Ho tšaba bosiu |
Nosocomephobia | Ho tšaba lipetlele |
Nyctophobia | Ho tšaba lefifi |
O | |
Ho se tsotelle | Ho tšaba ho nona |
Octophobia | Tšabo ea setšoantšo sa 8 |
Ombrophobia | Ho tshaba pula |
Ophidiophobia | Ho tšaba linoha |
Ornithophobia | Ho tšaba linonyana |
P | |
Papyrophobia | Ho tšaba pampiri |
Pathophobia | Ho tšaba mafu |
Petophobia | Ho tšaba bana |
Philophobia | Ho tšaba lerato |
Phobophobia | Tšabo ea phobias |
Podophobia | Ho tšaba maoto |
Pogonophobia | Ho tšaba litelu |
Porphyrophobia | Ho tšaba 'mala o pherese |
Pteridophobia | Ho tšaba li-fern |
Pteromerhanophobia | Ho tšaba ho fofa |
Pyrophobia | Ho tšaba mollo |
LIP | |
Samhainophobia | Ho Tšaba Halloween |
Scolionophobia | Ho tšaba sekolo |
Selenophobia | Ho tšaba khoeli |
Boiketlo ba sechaba | Ho tšaba tlhahlobo ea sechaba |
Somniphobia | Ho tšaba boroko |
T | |
Tachophobia | Ho tšaba lebelo |
Technophobia | Ho tšaba theknoloji |
Tonitrophobia | Ho tšaba lialuma |
Trypanophobia | Ho tšaba linalete kapa liente |
U-Z | |
Venustraphobia | Ho tšaba basali ba batle |
Verminophobia | Ho tšaba likokoana-hloko |
Wiccaphobia | Ho tšaba baloi le boloi |
Lehloyo la badudi | Ho tšaba basele kapa basele |
Zoophobia | Ho tšaba liphoofolo |
Ho phekola phobia
Phobias e alafshoa ka motsoako oa kalafo le meriana.
Haeba u thahasella ho fumana kalafo ea phobia ea hau, u lokela ho etsa kopano le setsebi sa kelello kapa setsebi sa bophelo bo botle ba kelello.
Kalafo e sebetsang ka ho fetisisa bakeng sa phobias e khethehileng ke mofuta oa psychotherapy o bitsoang ts'oaetso ea ts'oaetso. Nakong ea kalafo ea ho pepeseha, o sebetsa le setsebi sa kelello ho ithuta ho itšilafatsa nthong kapa boemong boo u bo tšabang.
Kalafo ena eu thusa ho fetola menahano le maikutlo a hau ka ntho kapa boemo, hore o tle o ithute ho laola maikutlo a hau.
Morero ke ho ntlafatsa boleng ba bophelo ba hau hore o se hlole o sitisoa kapa o sithabetsoa ke tšabo ea hau.
Phekolo ea maikutlo ha e tšabe joalo ka ha e ka utloahala qalong. Ts'ebetso ena e etsoa ka thuso ea setsebi se tšoanelehang sa bophelo bo botle ba kelello, se tsebang ho u tataisa butle ho feta maemong a ntseng a eketseha a ho pepeseha hammoho le ho ikoetlisa.
Haeba u tšaba likho, u tla qala ka ho nahana feela ka likho kapa maemo ao u ka kopanang le ona. Joale o ka fetela litšoantšong kapa livideong. Mohlomong u ka ea moo sekho se ka bang teng, joalo ka mokatong o ka tlase kapa sebakeng se nang le lifate.
Ho tla nka nako pele u ka kopuoa ho sheba kapa ho ama sekho.
Ngaka ea hau e ka 'na ea khothaletsa meriana e itseng e fokotsang matšoenyeho e ka u thusang ka kalafo ea pepeso. Le ha meriana ena e se kalafo ea phobias hantle, e ka thusa ho etsa hore kalafo e pepesang e se ke ea sithabetsa maikutlo.
Meriana e ka thusang ho fokotsa maikutlo a sa phutholohang a ho tšoenyeha, ho tšoha le ho tšoha ho kenyelletsa beta-blockers le benzodiazepines.
Tsela
Phobias ke ts'abo e phehellang, e matla le e sa utloahaleng ea ntho kapa boemo bo itseng. Li-phobias tse khethehileng li amana le lintho le maemo a itseng. Hangata li kenyelletsa tšabo e amanang le liphoofolo, tikoloho ea tlholeho, litaba tsa bongaka, kapa maemo a ikhethileng.
Le ha phobias e ka ba e sa phutholoheng haholo ebile e le phephetso, kalafo le meriana li ka thusa. Haeba u nahana hore u ka ba le phobia e bakang tšitiso bophelong ba hau, bua le ngaka ea hau bakeng sa likhetho tsa tlhahlobo le kalafo.