Sengoli: Laura McKinney
Letsatsi La Creation: 9 April 2021
Ntlafatsa Letsatsi: 1 November 2024
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Litaba

Kakaretso

Phobia ke tšabo e sa utloahaleng ea ntho e ka 'nang ea se ke ea baka kotsi. Lentsoe ka bolona le tsoa lentsoeng la Segerike phobos, e bolelang tshabo kapa ho tshoha.

Ka mohlala, Hydrophobia e fetolela ho tšaba metsi.

Ha motho e mong a e-na le phobia, ba ba le tšabo e matla ea ntho kapa boemo bo itseng. Phobias e fapane le tšabo e tloaelehileng hobane e baka khatello ea maikutlo, mohlomong e sitisa bophelo ba lapeng, mosebetsing kapa sekolong.

Batho ba nang le phobias ba qoba ntho kapa boemo ba phobic ka mafolofolo, kapa ba e mamella ka tšabo e matla kapa matšoenyeho.

Phobias ke mofuta oa lefu la ho tšoenyeha. Mathata a ho tšoenyeha a atile haholo. Ho hakanngoa hore li ama liperesente tse fetang 30 tsa batho ba baholo ba U.S. ka nako e 'ngoe maphelong a bona.

Bukeng ea Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Khatiso ea Bohlano (DSM-5), American Psychiatric Association e hlahisa li-phobias tse 'maloa tse tloaelehileng.

Agoraphobia, tšabo ea libaka kapa maemo a bakang tšabo kapa ho hloka thuso, e khetholloa e le tšabo e tloaelehileng e nang le ts'oaetso ea eona e ikhethang. Li-phobias tsa sechaba, tseo e leng tšabo e amanang le maemo a sechaba, le tsona li khetholloa ka tlhahlobo e ikhethang.


Li-phobias tse khethehileng ke karolo e pharaletseng ea phobias e ikhethang e amanang le lintho le maemo a itseng. Li-phobias tse khethehileng li ama batho ba baholo ba Amerika ba hakanyetsoang ho karolo ea 12,5 lekholong.

Phobias e tla ka mefuta eohle le boholo. Hobane ho na le palo e sa feleng ea lintho le maemo, lethathamo la phobias tse ikhethang le lelelele haholo.

Ho ea ka DSM, phobias tse khethehileng li oela ka har'a mekhahlelo e mehlano e akaretsang:

  • tšabo e amanang le liphoofolo (likho, lintja, likokoanyana)
  • tšabo e amanang le tikoloho ea tlhaho (bophahamo, sealuma, lefifi)
  • tšabo e amanang le mali, kotsi, kapa litaba tsa bongaka (liente, masapo a robehileng, ho oa)
  • tšabo e amanang le maemo a itseng (ho fofa, ho palama lifti, ho khanna)
  • tse ling (ho bipetsa, lerata le phahameng, ho khangoa ke metsi)

Mekhahlelo ena e kenyelletsa palo e sa feleng ea lintho le maemo a ikhethang.

Ha ho na lethathamo la semmuso la phobias ho feta se boletsoeng ho DSM, kahoo lingaka le bafuputsi ba iketsetsa mabitso ha ho hlokahala. Sena se etsoa ka ho kopanya sehlongwapele sa Greek (kapa ka linako tse ling tsa Latin) se hlalosang phobia le the -phobia sehlongwa.


Mohlala, tšabo ea metsi e ka reoa ka ho kopanya hydro (metsi) le phobia (tshabo).

Hape ho na le ntho e kang ho tšaba tšabo (phobophobia). Sena se hlile se atile ho feta kamoo o ka nahanang.

Batho ba nang le mathata a ho tšoenyeha ka linako tse ling ba tšoha ha ba le maemong a itseng. Litlhaselo tsena tsa tšabo li ka ba tse sa thabiseng hoo batho ba etsang sohle se matleng a bona ho li qoba nakong e tlang.

Ka mohlala, haeba u tšoha ha u tsamaea ka sekepe, u ka tšaba ho tsamaea ka sekepe nakong e tlang, empa u ka tšaba ho tšoha kapa ho tšaba ho ba le hydrophobia.

Lethathamo le tloaelehileng la phobias

Ho ithuta phobias e ikhethileng ke mohato o rarahaneng. Batho ba bangata ha ba batle kalafo bakeng sa maemo ana, ka hona linyeoe ha li tlalehe.

Li-phobias tsena le tsona lia fapana ho latela boiphihlelo ba setso, bong le lilemo.

Phuputso ea 1998 ea batho ba fetang 8 000 ba arabelitsoeng e phatlalalitse hore tse ling tsa phobias tse tloaelehileng li kenyelletsa:

  • acrophobia, tšabo ea libaka tse phahameng
  • aerophobia, tšabo ea ho fofa
  • arachnophobia, tšabo ea likho
  • astraphobia, tšabo ea lialuma le lehalima
  • autophobia, tšabo ea ho ba mong
  • claustrophobia, ho tšaba libaka tse koaletsoeng kapa tse petetsaneng
  • hemophobia, tšabo ea mali
  • hydrophobia, tšabo ea metsi
  • ophidiophobia, tšabo ea linoha
  • zoophobia, tšabo ea liphoofolo

Phobias e ikhethang

Li-phobias tse khethehileng li tloaetse ho totobala ka mokhoa o makatsang. Tse ling haholo hoo li ka amang batho ba fokolang ka nako e le 'ngoe.


Tsena li thata ho khetholla hobane batho ba bangata ha ba tlalehe lingaka tsa bona ka tšabo e sa tloaelehang.

Mehlala ea tse ling tsa phobias tse sa tloaelehang e kenyelletsa:

  • alektorophobia, tshabo ya dikgoho
  • onomatophobia, tšabo ea mabitso
  • pogonophobia, tšabo ea litelu
  • nephophobia, tšabo ea maru
  • cryophobia, tšabo ea leqhoa kapa serame

Kakaretso ea litšabo tsohle ho fihlela joale

A
AchluophobiaHo tšaba lefifi
Ho ipolaeaHo tšaba libaka tse phahameng
AerophobiaHo tšaba ho fofa
AlgophobiaHo tšaba bohloko
AlektorophobiaHo tšaba likhoho
AgoraphobiaHo tšaba libaka tsa sechaba kapa matšoele
AichmophobiaHo tšaba linalete kapa lintho tse supiloeng
AmaxophobiaHo tšaba ho palama koloi
AndrophobiaHo tšaba batho
AnginophobiaHo tšaba angina kapa ho bipetsana
AnthophobiaHo tšaba lipalesa
AnthropophobiaHo tšaba batho kapa sechaba
AphenphosmphobiaTšabo ea ho angoa
ArachnophobiaHo tšaba likho
Palo ea lipaloHo tšaba lipalo
AstraphobiaHo tšaba lialuma le lehalima
AtaxophobiaHo tšaba ho hloka taolo kapa ho se tsotelle
AtelophobiaHo tšaba ho se phethahale
AtychiphobiaHo tšaba ho hloleha
BoitšoaroHo tšaba ho ba mong
B
BacteriophobiaHo tšaba libaktheria
BarophobiaHo tšaba matla a khoheli
BathmophobiaHo tšaba litepisi kapa matsoapo
BatrachophobiaHo tšaba liphoofolo tse phelang metsing
BelonephobiaHo tšaba lithakhisa le linalete
BibliophobiaHo tšaba libuka
BotanophobiaHo tšaba limela
C
LehloyoHo tšaba bobe
CatagelophobiaHo tšaba ho songoa
CatoptrophobiaHo tšaba liipone
ChionophobiaHo tšaba lehloa
ChromophobiaHo tšaba mebala
ChronomentrophobiaHo tšaba lioache
ClaustrophobiaHo tšaba libaka tse koaletsoeng
CoulrophobiaHo tšaba li-clown
CyberphobiaHo tšaba lik'homphieutha
BoipelaetsoHo tšaba lintja
D
DendrophobiaHo tšaba lifate
DentophobiaHo tšaba lingaka tsa meno
DomatophobiaHo tšaba matlo
DystychiphobiaHo tšaba likotsi
Mohl
EcophobiaTšabo ea lapeng
ElurophobiaHo tšaba likatse
Boitšoaro bo bobeHo tšaba likokoanyana
EphebiphobiaHo tšaba bacha
TekanoTšabo ea lipere
F, G
PherekanoTšabo ea lenyalo
GenuphobiaHo tšaba mangole
BofebeHo tšaba ho bua phatlalatsa
GynophobiaHo tšaba basali
H
HeliophobiaHo tšaba letsatsi
HemophobiaHo tšaba mali
HerpetophobiaHo tšaba lihahabi
HydrophobiaHo tšaba metsi
HypochondriaHo tšaba ho kula
IK
IatrophobiaHo tšaba lingaka
Likokoana-hlokoHo tšaba likokoanyana
KoinoniphobiaTšabo ea likamore tse tletseng batho
L
LeukophobiaHo tšaba 'mala o mosoeu
LilapsophobiaHo tšaba maholiotsoana le maholiotsoana
LockiophobiaHo tšaba ho beleha
M
MageirocophobiaHo tšaba ho pheha
MegalophobiaHo tšaba lintho tse kholo
MelanophobiaHo tšaba 'mala o motšo
MicrophobiaHo tšaba lintho tse nyane
MysophobiaHo tšaba litšila le likokoana-hloko
N
NecrophobiaHo tšaba lefu kapa lintho tse shoeleng
NoctiphobiaHo tšaba bosiu
NosocomephobiaHo tšaba lipetlele
NyctophobiaHo tšaba lefifi
O
Ho se tsotelleHo tšaba ho nona
OctophobiaTšabo ea setšoantšo sa 8
OmbrophobiaHo tshaba pula
OphidiophobiaHo tšaba linoha
OrnithophobiaHo tšaba linonyana
P
PapyrophobiaHo tšaba pampiri
PathophobiaHo tšaba mafu
PetophobiaHo tšaba bana
PhilophobiaHo tšaba lerato
PhobophobiaTšabo ea phobias
PodophobiaHo tšaba maoto
Pogonophobia Ho tšaba litelu
PorphyrophobiaHo tšaba 'mala o pherese
PteridophobiaHo tšaba li-fern
PteromerhanophobiaHo tšaba ho fofa
PyrophobiaHo tšaba mollo
LIP
SamhainophobiaHo Tšaba Halloween
ScolionophobiaHo tšaba sekolo
SelenophobiaHo tšaba khoeli
Boiketlo ba sechabaHo tšaba tlhahlobo ea sechaba
SomniphobiaHo tšaba boroko
T
TachophobiaHo tšaba lebelo
TechnophobiaHo tšaba theknoloji
TonitrophobiaHo tšaba lialuma
TrypanophobiaHo tšaba linalete kapa liente
U-Z
VenustraphobiaHo tšaba basali ba batle
VerminophobiaHo tšaba likokoana-hloko
WiccaphobiaHo tšaba baloi le boloi
Lehloyo la badudiHo tšaba basele kapa basele
ZoophobiaHo tšaba liphoofolo

Ho phekola phobia

Phobias e alafshoa ka motsoako oa kalafo le meriana.

Haeba u thahasella ho fumana kalafo ea phobia ea hau, u lokela ho etsa kopano le setsebi sa kelello kapa setsebi sa bophelo bo botle ba kelello.

Kalafo e sebetsang ka ho fetisisa bakeng sa phobias e khethehileng ke mofuta oa psychotherapy o bitsoang ts'oaetso ea ts'oaetso. Nakong ea kalafo ea ho pepeseha, o sebetsa le setsebi sa kelello ho ithuta ho itšilafatsa nthong kapa boemong boo u bo tšabang.

Kalafo ena eu thusa ho fetola menahano le maikutlo a hau ka ntho kapa boemo, hore o tle o ithute ho laola maikutlo a hau.

Morero ke ho ntlafatsa boleng ba bophelo ba hau hore o se hlole o sitisoa kapa o sithabetsoa ke tšabo ea hau.

Phekolo ea maikutlo ha e tšabe joalo ka ha e ka utloahala qalong. Ts'ebetso ena e etsoa ka thuso ea setsebi se tšoanelehang sa bophelo bo botle ba kelello, se tsebang ho u tataisa butle ho feta maemong a ntseng a eketseha a ho pepeseha hammoho le ho ikoetlisa.

Haeba u tšaba likho, u tla qala ka ho nahana feela ka likho kapa maemo ao u ka kopanang le ona. Joale o ka fetela litšoantšong kapa livideong. Mohlomong u ka ea moo sekho se ka bang teng, joalo ka mokatong o ka tlase kapa sebakeng se nang le lifate.

Ho tla nka nako pele u ka kopuoa ho sheba kapa ho ama sekho.

Ngaka ea hau e ka 'na ea khothaletsa meriana e itseng e fokotsang matšoenyeho e ka u thusang ka kalafo ea pepeso. Le ha meriana ena e se kalafo ea phobias hantle, e ka thusa ho etsa hore kalafo e pepesang e se ke ea sithabetsa maikutlo.

Meriana e ka thusang ho fokotsa maikutlo a sa phutholohang a ho tšoenyeha, ho tšoha le ho tšoha ho kenyelletsa beta-blockers le benzodiazepines.

Tsela

Phobias ke ts'abo e phehellang, e matla le e sa utloahaleng ea ntho kapa boemo bo itseng. Li-phobias tse khethehileng li amana le lintho le maemo a itseng. Hangata li kenyelletsa tšabo e amanang le liphoofolo, tikoloho ea tlholeho, litaba tsa bongaka, kapa maemo a ikhethileng.

Le ha phobias e ka ba e sa phutholoheng haholo ebile e le phephetso, kalafo le meriana li ka thusa. Haeba u nahana hore u ka ba le phobia e bakang tšitiso bophelong ba hau, bua le ngaka ea hau bakeng sa likhetho tsa tlhahlobo le kalafo.

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