Mehato e meraro e meholo ea ho raloa ha moroto

Litaba

• Mehato e meraro e meholo ea ho raloa ha moroto
• 1. Ultrafiltration
• 2. Ho khutlisetsoa hape
• 3. Ho boloka liphiri
• Mokhoa oa ho ntša metsi o felisoa joang

Moroto ke ntho e hlahisoang ke 'mele e thusang ho tlosa litšila, urea le lintho tse ling tse chefo maling. Lintho tsena li hlahisoa letsatsi le letsatsi ke ts'ebeliso e sa khaotseng ea mesifa le ka ts'ebetso ea tšilo ea lijo. Haeba masalla ana a ne a ka bokellana maling, a ka baka tšenyo e mpe lithong tse fapaneng tsa 'mele.

Ts'ebetso ena eohle ea ho sefa metsi, ho tlosa litšila le ho rongoa ha moroto ho etsahala liphio, e leng litho tse peli tse nyane tse bopehileng joaloka linaoa tse fumanehang mokokotlong. Sheba matšoao a 11 a ka supang hore liphio tsa hau ha li sebetse hantle.

Letsatsi le leng le le leng, liphio li sefa li-dilitara tse ka bang 180 tsa mali ebe li hlahisa lilithara tse 2 feela tsa moroto, e ka bang teng ka lebaka la lits'ebetso tse fapaneng tsa ho felisa le ho kenya lintho hape, tse thibelang ho felisoa ha metsi a mangata kapa lintho tsa bohlokoa bakeng sa 'mele.

Ka lebaka la ts'ebetso ena eohle e rarahaneng e entsoeng ke liphio, litšobotsi tsa moroto o tlositsoeng li ka thusa ho sibolla mathata a mang a bophelo bo botle. Kahoo, bona hore na liphetoho tse kholo tsa moroto li ka supa eng.

Mehato e meraro e meholo ea ho raloa ha moroto

Pele moroto o ka tsoa 'meleng, o tlameha ho feta methating e meng ea bohlokoa, e kenyeletsang:

1. Ultrafiltration

Ultrafiltration ke karolo ea pele ea ts'ebetso ea moroto e etsahalang ka nephron, e leng karolo e nyane haholo ea liphio. Ka har'a nephron ka 'ngoe, methapo e menyenyane ea mali e liphio e arohana ho ba methapo e mesesaane le ho feta, e bopang lefito, e tsejoang ka hore ke glomerulus. Node ena e koetsoe ka har'a filimi e nyane e tsejoang e le renal capsule, kapa capsule ea Bowman.

Ha likepe li ntse li nyenyefala, khatello ea mali e glomerulus e phahame haholo ka hona mali a sutumelloa ka matla maboteng a sejana, a ntse a tlhotliloeng. Ke lisele tsa mali feela le liprotheine tse ling tse kang albin, tse kholo ka ho lekaneng hore li se ke tsa feta kahoo li lula maling. Ntho e ngoe le e ngoe e fetela ka har'a li-tubules tsa liphio mme e tsejoa e le filtrate ea glomerular.

2. Ho khutlisetsoa hape

Karolo ena ea bobeli e qala sebakeng se haufi sa li-tubules tsa renal. Moo, karolo e ntle ea lintho tse tlositsoeng maling ka har'a filtrate li boetse li kenelletse maling ka lits'ebetso tse sebetsang tsa lipalangoang, pinocytosis kapa osmosis. Kahoo, 'mele o netefatsa hore ha ho felisoe lintho tsa bohlokoa, joalo ka metsi, tsoekere le amino acid.

E ntse e le kahare ho karolo ena, filtrate e feta Henle, e leng moaho kamora 'tubule e haufi' eo ho eona liminerale tse kholo, joalo ka sodium le potasiamo, li kenang hape maling.

3. Ho boloka liphiri

Karolong ena ea hoqetela ea ts'ebetso ea moroto, lintho tse ling tse ntseng li le maling li tlosoa ka mafolofolo ho filtrate. Tse ling tsa lintho tsena li kenyelletsa mesaletsa ea meriana le ammonia, ka mohlala, tse sa hlokeng 'mele le tse hlokang ho tlosoa molemong oa hore li se bake chefo.

Ho tloha ka nako eo, filtrate e bitsoa moroto 'me e feta ka li-tubes tse setseng tsa liphio, le ka li-ureters, ho fihlela e fihla senya, moo e bolokiloeng teng. Senya e na le bokhoni ba ho boloka ho fihlela ho 400 kapa 500 mL ea moroto, pele e hloka ho tsoa.

Mokhoa oa ho ntša metsi o felisoa joang

Senya e entsoe ka mosifa o mosesane, o boreleli o nang le li-sensors tse nyane. Ho tloha ho limililithara tse 150 tsa moroto o bokellaneng, mesifa ea senya e nyoloha butle-butle, ho khona ho boloka moroto o mongata. Ha sena se etsahala, li-sensor tse nyane li romella matšoao bokong bo etsang hore motho a ikutloe a batla ho ntša metsi.

Ha u ea ka kamoreng ea ho hlapela, sphincter ea ho ntša metsi ea phomola 'me mesifa ea senya ea senya, e sutumetsa moroto ka urethra le ka ntle ho' mele.