Dermatomyositis: ke eng, matšoao le kalafo

Litaba

• Matšoao a mantlha
• Mokhoa oa ho hlahloba o etsoa joang
• Tsela ea ho phekola

Dermatomyositis ke lefu le sa tloaelehang la ho ruruha le amang haholo mesifa le letlalo, le bakang bofokoli ba mesifa le liso tsa dermatological. E hlaha khafetsa ho basali mme e atile haholo ho batho ba baholo, empa e ka hlaha ho batho ba ka tlase ho lilemo tse 16, e bitsoang dermatomyositis ea bongoana.

Ka linako tse ling, dermatomyositis e amahanngoa le mofetše, e ka bang sesupo sa nts'etsopele ea mefuta e meng ea mofetše e kang lung, matšoafo, mae a bomme, senya le senya. E ka boela ea amahanngoa le maloetse a mang a boits'ireletso ba mmele, joalo ka scleroderma le maloetse a kopaneng a linama, ka mohlala. Hape utloisisa hore na scleroderma ke eng.

Lisosa tsa lefu lena li tsoa ho 'mele, moo lisele tsa' mele tsa lona li hlaselang mesifa ebe li baka ho ruruha ha letlalo, mme, leha lebaka la karabelo ena le e-so utloisisoe ka botlalo, hoa tsebahala hore le amana le liphatsa tsa lefutso. liphetoho, kapa li susumetsoa ke ts'ebeliso ea meriana e meng kapa ke tšoaetso ea vaerase. Dermatomyositis ha e na pheko, ka hona ke lefu le sa foleng, leha ho le joalo, kalafo ea corticosteroids kapa lithethefatsi tsa immunosuppressive li ka thusa ho laola matšoao.

Matšoao a mantlha

Matšoao a dermatomyositis a kenyeletsa:

• Bofokoli ba mesifa, haholo-holo libakeng tsa scapular, pelvic le cervical, tse lumellanang le ho mpefala butle-butle;
• Ponahalo ea matheba kapa likotoana tse khubelu tse khubelu letlalong, haholo manonyeletso a menoana, litsoeng le mangole, tse bitsoang lets'oao la Gottron kapa li-papules;
• Matheba a pherese linthong tse holimo, tse bitsoang heliotrope;
• Bohloko bo kopaneng le ho ruruha;
• Feberu;
• Mokhathala;
• Ho thata ho metsa;
• Bohloko ba mpeng;
• Ho hlatsa;
• Ho fokotsa boima ba 'mele.

Ka kakaretso, batho ba nang le lefu lena ba ka fumana ho le thata ho etsa mesebetsi ea letsatsi le letsatsi e kang ho kopanya moriri, ho tsamaea, ho hloa litepisi kapa ho phahama setulong. Ntle le moo, matšoao a letlalo a ka mpefala ha a pepesehela letsatsi.

Maemong a boima ka ho fetesisa, kapa ha dermatomyositis e hlaha e kopane le mafu a mang a mmele, litho tse ling tse joalo ka pelo, matšoafo kapa liphio le tsona li ka ameha, tsa ama tšebetso ea eona mme tsa baka mathata a tebileng.

Mokhoa oa ho hlahloba o etsoa joang

Ho fumanoa ha dermatomyositis ho etsoa ka ho lekola matšoao a lefu lena, tlhahlobo ea 'mele le liteko tse joalo ka biopsy ea mesifa, electromyography kapa liteko tsa mali ho bona boteng ba lintho tse bonts'ang ho senyeha ha mesifa, joalo ka CPK, DHL kapa AST liteko, mohlala. mohlala.

Ho kanna ha ba le tlhahiso ea li-autoantibodies, joalo ka li-antibodies tsa myositis-specific (MSAs), anti-RNP kapa anti MJ, mohlala. e ka fumanoang ka bongata litekong tsa mali.

Ho netefatsa phumano, ho hlokahala hape hore ngaka e khetholle matšoao a dermatomyositis ho tsoa ho mafu a mang a bakang matšoao a ts'oanang, joalo ka polymyositis kapa myositis e nang le 'mele e kenyellelitsoeng, eo hape e leng mafu a hlabang a mesifa. Maloetse a mang a lokelang ho tsotelloa ke myofascitis, necrotizing myositis, polymyalgia rheumatica kapa ho ruruha ho bakoang ke meriana, joalo ka clofibrate, simvastatin kapa amphotericin, mohlala.

Tsela ea ho phekola

Kalafo ea dermatomyositis e etsoa ho latela matšoao a hlahisoang ke bakuli, empa maemong a mangata ho kenyelletsa tšebeliso ea:

• Corticosteroids joaloka Prednisone, kaha li fokotsa ho ruruha 'meleng;
• Li-immunosuppressants joalo ka Methotrexate, Azathioprine, Mycophenolate kapa Cyclophosphamide, ho fokotsa karabelo ea sesole sa 'mele;
• Lipheko tse ling, joalo ka Hydroxychloroquine, kaha li na le thuso ho kokobetsa matšoao a dermatological, joalo ka kutlo ea khanya, mohlala.

Meriana ena hangata e nooa ka tekanyetso e phahameng le nako e telele, mme e na le phello ea ho fokotsa ts'ebetso ea ho ruruha le ho fokotsa matšoao a lefu lena. Ha lithethefatsi tsena li sa sebetse, khetho e 'ngoe ke ho fana ka immunoglobulin ea motho.

Hape hoa khoneha ho etsa li-physiotherapy sessions, ka mekhoa ea ho tsosolosa e thusang ho kokobetsa matšoao le ho qoba likonteraka le ho hula maikutlo. Photoprotection e boetse e bontšoa, ka li-sunscreens, ho thibela ho mpefala ha liso tsa letlalo.

Ha dermatomyositis e amahanngoa le mofetše, kalafo e nepahetseng ka ho fetesisa ke ho alafa mofetše, hangata o etsang hore matšoao le matšoao a lefu lena a imolohe.