Karolelano ea liperesente (le tse loketseng) tsa metsi 'meleng oa hau ke eng?

Litaba

• Chate ea liperesente tsa metsi
• Metsi e le liperesente tsa boima ba 'mele ho batho ba baholo
• Metsi e le liperesente tsa boima ba 'mele ho masea le bana
• Metsi aa kaofela a bolokiloe kae?
• Polokelo ea metsi boemong ba lisele
• Hobaneng ha metsi a le bohlokoa hakaale tšebetsong ea 'mele?
• U tseba palo ea hau ea metsi joang?
• Foromo ea Watson bakeng sa banna
• Foromo ea Watson bakeng sa basali
• Ke boloka phesente e ntle ea metsi joang?
• Ho bala ts'ebeliso ea metsi
• Lijo tse nang le metsi a mangata
• Matšoao a ho felloa ke metsi 'meleng ke afe?
• Likotsi tsa ho felloa ke metsi 'meleng
• Na ho a khonahala ho noa metsi a mangata?
• Tsela

Le ha liperesente tsa metsi a 'mele oa motho li fapana ka bong, lilemo le boima, ntho e le' ngoe e ea tšoana: Ho qala ha u hlaha, karolo e fetang halofo ea boima ba 'mele oa hau e entsoe ka metsi.

Karolelano ea liphesente tsa boima ba 'mele eo e leng metsi e tla lula e le kaholimo ho liperesente tse 50 boholo ba bophelo ba hau kapa bophelo bohle ba hau, leha e theoha ha nako e ntse e tsamaea.

Tsoela pele ho bala ho ithuta hore na 'mele oa hau ke metsi le hore na metsi ana kaofela a bolokiloe kae. U tla boela u fumane hore na liperesente tsa metsi li fetoha joang ha u ntse u tsofala, hore na 'mele oa hau o sebelisa metsi ana kaofela joang, le mokhoa oa ho khetholla liperesente tsa metsi a' mele oa hau.

Chate ea liperesente tsa metsi

Bakeng sa likhoeli tsa pele tse 'maloa tsa bophelo, hoo e ka bang karolo ea boraro ea bone ea boima ba' mele oa hau e entsoe ka metsi. Peresente eo e qala ho fokotseha pele o fihlela letsatsi la hau la tsoalo la pele.

Ho fokotseha ha liperesente tsa metsi ho theosa le lilemo ho bakoa ke karolo e kholo ea ho ba le mafura a mangata 'meleng le boima bo se nang mafura ha o ntse o tsofala. Lisele tse mafura li na le metsi a fokolang ho feta lisele tse bobebe, ka hona boima ba 'mele oa hau le' mele oa hau li ama liperesente tsa metsi 'meleng oa hau.

Li-charts tse latelang li emela karolelano ea metsi 'meleng oa hau e le liperesente tsa boima ba' mele, le sebaka se loketseng bophelo bo botle ba 'mele.

Metsi e le liperesente tsa boima ba 'mele ho batho ba baholo

Metsi e le liperesente tsa boima ba 'mele ho masea le bana

Metsi aa kaofela a bolokiloe kae?

Ka metsi ana kaofela 'meleng oa hau, u ka ipotsa hore na a bolokiloe kae' meleng oa hau. Tafole e latelang e bontša hore na metsi a lula bokae ho litho tsa hau, lisele le likarolo tse ling tsa 'mele.

Ho phaella moo, lero la mali (karolo e mokelikeli ea mali) ke karolo ea 90 lekholong ea metsi. Lero la mali le thusa ho jara lisele tsa mali, limatlafatsi le lihormone 'meleng oohle.

Polokelo ea metsi boemong ba lisele

Ho sa tsotelehe hore na e hokae 'meleng, metsi a bolokiloe ka ho:

• mokelikeli oa intracellular (ICF), mokelikeli o ka har'a lisele
• mokelikeli o ka ntle ho lisele (ECF), mokelikeli o ka ntle ho lisele

Hoo e ka bang likarolo tse peli ho tse tharo tsa metsi a 'mele li ka har'a lisele, ha karolo ea boraro e setseng e le mokelikeli o kantle ho lisele. Liminerale, ho kenyeletsoa potasiamo le sodium, li thusa ho boloka litekanyo tsa ICF le ECF.

Hobaneng ha metsi a le bohlokoa hakaale tšebetsong ea 'mele?

Metsi a bohlokoa tsamaisong e ngoe le e ngoe le ts'ebetsong ea mmele, mme a na le boikarabello bo bongata. Mohlala, metsi:

• ke moaho oa lisele tse ncha le limatlafatsi tsa bohlokoa sele e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e itšetlehileng ka eona ho phela
• e sebelisa le ho tsamaisa liprotheine le lik'habohaedreite lijong tse o li jang ho fepa 'mele oa hau
• e thusa 'mele ho lahla litšila, haholo-holo ka moroto
• E thusa ho boloka mocheso oa 'mele o phetseng hantle ka mofufutso le ho hema ha mocheso o phahama
• ke karolo ea "absorber absorber" system mokokotlong
• e sireletsa lisele tse bonolo
• ke karolo ea mokelikeli o potolohang le ho sireletsa boko le lesea le ka popelong
• ke motsoako o ka sehloohong mathe
• E thusa ho boloka manonyeletso a tlotsitsoe

U tseba palo ea hau ea metsi joang?

U ka sebelisa li-calculator tse fumanehang marang-rang ho fumana hore na ke liperesente tse kae tsa metsi 'meleng oa hau. Hape ho na le mekhoa eo u ka e sebelisang. Foromo ea Watson, ho etsa mohlala, e lekanya kakaretso ea metsi a 'mele ka lilithara.

Foromo ea Watson bakeng sa banna

2.447 - (0.09145 x age) + (0.1074 x bophahamo ba lisenthimithara) + (0.3362 x boima ka kilograms) = boima ba 'mele (TBW) ka lilithara

Foromo ea Watson bakeng sa basali

+2.097 + (0.1069 x bolelele ka lisenthimithara) + (0.2466 x boima ka kilograms) = kakaretso ea boima ba 'mele (TBW) ka lilithara

Ho fumana palo ea metsi 'meleng oa hau, nka litara e le 1 e lekana le kilogram e le' ngoe ebe o arola TBW ea hau ka boima ba hau. Ke khakanyo e bonolo, empa e tla u fa leseli haeba u le sebakeng se phetseng hantle bakeng sa liperesente tsa metsi 'meleng oa hau.

Ke boloka phesente e ntle ea metsi joang?

Ho fumana metsi a lekaneng ho latela lijo le lino tse u li jang letsatsi ka leng. Palo e nepahetseng ea metsi ao u lokelang ho a sebelisa e fapana haholo ho latela lintlha tse kang lilemo, boima, bophelo bo botle le boemo ba tšebetso.

'Mele oa hau ka tlhaho o leka ho boloka maemo a metsi a phetseng hantle ka ho ntša metsi a mangata morong. Ha u ntse u noa metsi le maro a mangata, moroto o hlahisoa haholo liphio.

Haeba u sa noe metsi a lekaneng, u ke ke ua ea ka kamoreng ea ho hlapela hobane 'mele oa hau o leka ho boloka maro le ho boloka boemo bo loketseng ba metsi. Ts'ebeliso e nyane ea metsi e phahamisa kotsi ea ho felloa ke metsi 'meleng le kotsi e ka bang teng' meleng.

Ho bala ts'ebeliso ea metsi

Ho bala hore na o lokela ho noa metsi a makae letsatsi le letsatsi ho boloka metsi a phetseng hantle 'meleng oa hau, arola boima ba hau ka liponto ka 2 ebe o noa palo eo ka li-ounise.

Ka mohlala, motho ea boima ba lik'hilograma tse 180 o lokela ho ikemisetsa ho fumana lilithara tse 90 tsa metsi, kapa likhalase tse ka bang tse supileng ho isa ho tse robeli ka letsatsi.

Hopola hore o ka sebelisa metsi ka litsela tse fapaneng. Khalase ea lero la lamunu boholo ke metsi, mohlala.

Hlokomela, leha ho le joalo, hobane lino tse nang le k'hafeine, joalo ka kofi, tee kapa lino-mapholi tse itseng, li ka ba le tšusumetso ea 'mele. U ntse u tla boloka metsi a mangata lino-mapholi tseo, empa caffeine e tla etsa hore u ntše metsi khafetsa, ka hona u tla lahleheloa ke metsi a mangata ho feta ao u noang metsi ka 'ona.

Joala bo boetse bo na le thepa ea ho ntša metsi ebile ha se tsela e nepahetseng ea ho fihlela sepheo sa hau sa ts'ebeliso ea metsi.

Lijo tse nang le metsi a mangata

Lijo tse nang le liperesente tse phahameng tsa metsi li kenyelletsa:

• fragole le monokotsoai o mong
• lilamunu le litholoana tse ling tsa lamunu
• lethisi
• likomkomere
• sepinichi
• mahapu, cantaloupe le mahapu a mang
• lebese le tlotsang

Li-sopho le moro le tsona ke metsi, empa sheba likhalori le maemo a phahameng a sodium, a ka etsang hore likhetho tsena li phele hantle.

Matšoao a ho felloa ke metsi 'meleng ke afe?

Ho haelloa ke metsi 'meleng le mathata a bophelo bo tsamaeang le ona a kotsi haholo ho batho ba ikoetlisang kapa ba sebetsang nakong ea leholimo le chesang le le mongobo.

Ka mokhoa o ts'oanang, ho ba mafolofolo mochesong o ommeng ho bolela hore mofufutso oa hau o tla fetoha mouoane kapele, o potlakise tahlehelo ea maro le ho etsa hore o be tlokotsing ea ho felloa ke metsi.

Mathata a bophelo bo sa foleng, joalo ka lefu la tsoekere le lefu la liphio, a eketsa menyetla ea ho felloa ke metsi ka lebaka la ho ntša metsi haholo. Esita le ho kula ka lebaka la sefuba ho ka u sitisa ho ja le ho noa haholo joalo ka ha u tloaetse, ho u beha kotsing ea ho felloa ke metsi 'meleng.

Le ha lenyora e le sesupo se totobetseng sa ho felloa ke metsi 'meleng,' mele oa hau o ntse o felloa ke metsi pele o nyoroa. Matšoao a mang a ho felloa ke metsi 'meleng a kenyelletsa:

• mokgathala
• moroto o lefifi
• ho ntša metsi khafetsa
• molomo o omileng
• ho tsekela
• pherekano

Masea le bana ba banyenyane ba nang le ho felloa ke metsi 'meleng ba ka ba le matšoao ao, hammoho le maleiri a omileng nako e telele le ho lla ntle le meokho.

Likotsi tsa ho felloa ke metsi 'meleng

Likotsi tsa ho felloa ke metsi 'meleng li ngata ebile li tebile:

• likotsi tse amanang le mocheso, ho qala ka mahlaba, empa li ka lebisa ho cheso ea mocheso
• tšoaetso ea mosese, majoe a liphio le mafu a amanang le ona
• ho oela ho bakoang ke ho se leka-lekane ha sodium, potasiamo le li-electrolyte tse ling
• khatello ea mali ka tšohanyetso, e lebisang ho oeleng le ho oeng kapa ts'oaetso ea mali, boemo bo ka 'nang ba beha bophelo kotsing bo bakoang ke maemo a tlase a oksijene' meleng

Na ho a khonahala ho noa metsi a mangata?

Le hoja e le ntho e sa tloaelehang, ho ka etsahala hore u noe metsi a mangata haholo, a ka etsang hore motho a tauoe ke metsi, e leng boemo ba hore maemo a sodium, potasiamo le li-electrolyte tse ling a hlapolloe.

Haeba maemo a sodium a theoha haholo, sephetho ke hyponatremia, e ka lebisang ho mathata a mangata a ka bang kotsi bophelong.

Maemo a itseng a bongaka a ka etsa hore o be tlokotsing ea botahoa ba metsi, hobane a baka ho boloka mokelikeli 'meleng. Kahoo le ho noa metsi a tloaelehileng ho ka sutumetsa maemo a hau haholo.

Maemo ana a kenyelletsa:

• congestive pelo hloleha
• lefu la liphio
• lefu la tsoekere le laoloang hampe

Tsela

Peresente e nepahetseng ea metsi 'meleng oa hau e fetoha ka lilemo, boima ba' mele kapa tahlehelo, le ts'ebeliso ea metsi ea letsatsi le letsatsi le tahlehelo ea metsi. Hangata o maemong a phetseng hantle haeba liperesente tsa metsi a 'mele oa hau li feta liperesente tse 50 bophelong bohle ba hau.

Hafeela o ntse o noa metsi le mokelikeli karolo ea letsatsi la hau - o eketsa ts'ebeliso ea hau matsatsing a chesang le ha o ikitlaetsa 'meleng - o lokela ho boloka maemo a metsi a phetseng hantle mme o qobe mathata a ka bang teng a bophelo bo botle a tlisoang ke ho felloa ke metsi' meleng. .