Lijo tse 20 tse ntlehali bakeng sa batho ba nang le mafu a liphio

Litaba

• Lijo le lefu la liphio
• 1. Kholifolaoa
• 2. Li-blueberries
• 3. Libaka tsa leoatle
• 4. Morara o mofubelu
• 5. Makhooa a mahe
• 6. Konofolo
• 7. Buckwheat
• 8. Oli ea mohloaare
• 9. Bulgur
• 10. Kh'abeche
• 11. Kgoho e senang letlalo
• 12. Pelepele tsa tšepe
• 13. Liieee
• 14. Arugula
• 15. Linate tsa Macadamia
• 16. Radish
• 17. Turnips
• 18. Naenapole
• Mokhoa oa ho khaola phaenapole
• 19. Cranberries
• 20. Li-mushroom tsa Shiitake
• Ntlha ea bohlokoa

Lefu la liphio ke bothata bo tloaelehileng bo amang batho ba ka bang 10% ba lefats'e (1).

Liphio ke litho tse nyane empa li le matla tse bopehileng joaloka linaoa tse etsang mesebetsi e mengata ea bohlokoa.

Ba ikarabella ho sefa lihlahisoa tsa litšila, ho lokolla lihormone tse laolang khatello ea mali, ho leka-lekanya maro 'meleng, ho hlahisa moroto, le mesebetsi e meng e mengata ea bohlokoa (2).

Ho na le mekhoa e fapaneng eo litho tsena tsa bohlokoa li ka senyehang ka eona.

Lefu la tsoekere le khatello e phahameng ea mali ke lisosa tse kotsi haholo tsa lefu la liphio. Leha ho le joalo, botenya, ho tsuba, liphatsa tsa lefutso, bong le lilemo li ka eketsa kotsi ().

Tsoekere e sa laoleheng ea mali le khatello e phahameng ea mali li baka tšenyo methapong ea mali liphio, e fokotsa bokhoni ba bona ba ho sebetsa hantle ().

Ha liphio li sa sebetse hantle, litšila li ba teng maling, ho kenyeletsoa le litšila tse tsoang lijong ().

Ka hona, hoa hlokahala hore batho ba nang le lefu la liphio ba latele lijo tse khethehileng.

Lijo le lefu la liphio

Lithibelo tsa lijo li fapana ho latela boemo ba tšenyo ea liphio.

Mohlala, batho ba maemong a pele a lefu la liphio ba na le lithibelo tse fapaneng ho feta ba nang le ho hloleha ha liphio, ho tsejoang hape e le lefu la renal (ESRD) (,).

Haeba u na le lefu la liphio, mofani oa hao oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo o tla khetha lijo tse nepahetseng bakeng sa litlhoko tsa hau.

Bakeng sa batho ba bangata ba nang le lefu la liphio le tsoetseng pele, ho bohlokoa ho latela lijo tse lumellanang le liphio tse thusang ho fokotsa bongata ba litšila maling.

Lijo tsena hangata ho thoe ke lijo tsa renal.

E thusa ho matlafatsa ts'ebetso ea liphio ha e ntse e thibela tšenyo e ngoe ().

Le ha lithibelo tsa phepo li fapana, hangata ho khothaletsoa hore batho bohle ba nang le lefu la liphio ba thibele limatlafatsi tse latelang:

• Sodium. Sodium e fumanoa lijong tse ngata le karolo e kholo ea letsoai la tafoleng. Liphio tse senyehileng li ke ke tsa sefa sodium e feteletseng, e baka hore mali a eona a phahame. Hangata ho khothalletsoa ho lekanyetsa sodium e ka tlase ho 2,000 mg ka letsatsi (,).
• Potasiamo. Potasiamo e bapala likarolo tse ngata tsa bohlokoa 'meleng, empa ba nang le lefu la liphio ba hloka ho fokotsa potasiamo ho qoba maemo a phahameng a mali a kotsi. Hangata ho khothalletsoa ho fokotsa potasiamo ho ea ka tlase ho 2,000 mg ka letsatsi (, 12).
• Phosphorus. Liphio tse senyehileng li ke ke tsa tlosa phosphorus e ngata, e leng letsoai lijong tse ngata. Maemo a phahameng a ka baka tšenyo 'meleng, ka hona phosphorus ea lijo e lekanyelitsoe ho tlase ho 800-1,000 mg ka letsatsi ho bakuli ba bangata (13,).

Protheine ke limatlafatsi tse ling tseo batho ba nang le lefu la liphio ba ka hlokang ho li fokotsa, kaha liphio tse senyehileng li ke ke tsa hlakola lihlahisoa tsa litšila liprotheine metabolism.

Leha ho le joalo, ba nang le lefu la renal la boemo ba ho qetela ba nang le dialysis, kalafo e sefang le ho hloekisa mali, ba na le liprotheine tse kholo (,).

Motho e mong le e mong ea nang le lefu la liphio o fapane, ke ka hona ho leng bohlokoa ho bua le mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo ka litlhoko tsa hau tsa phepo.

Ka lehlohonolo, likhetho tse ngata tse monate le tse phetseng hantle li na le phosphorus, potasiamo le sodium e tlase.

Mona ke lijo tse 20 tse ntlehali bakeng sa batho ba nang le lefu la liphio.

1. Kholifolaoa

Cauliflower ke meroho e nang le phepo e ntle eo e leng mohloli o motle oa limatlafatsi tse ngata, ho kenyeletsoa vithamine C, vithamine K le vithamine folate.

E boetse e tletse metsoako e khahlanong le ho ruruha joalo ka li-indoles ebile ke mohloli o motle oa fiber ().

Hape, kholifolaoa e mashed e ka sebelisoa sebakeng sa litapole bakeng sa sejana se tlase sa potasiamo.

Senoelo se le seng (124 grams) sa kholifolaoa e phehiloeng e na le ():

• sodium: 19 mg
• potasiamo: 176 mg
• phosphorus: 40 mg

2. Li-blueberries

Blueberries e tletse limatlafatsi 'me ke o mong oa mehloli e metle ea li-antioxidants eo u ka e jang ().

Haholo-holo, monokotšoai ona o tsoekere o na le li-antioxidants tse bitsoang li-anthocyanins, tse ka sireletsang khahlanong le lefu la pelo, mofetše o itseng, ho fokotseha ha mohopolo le lefu la tsoekere (20).

Li boetse li etsa tlatsetso e ntle phepong e bonolo ea liphio, kaha li na le sodium, phosphorus le potasiamo tse tlase.

Senoelo se le seng (148 grams) sa li-blueberries tse ncha se na le ():

• sodium: 1.5 mg
• potasiamo: 114 mg
• phosphorus: 18 mg

3. Libaka tsa leoatle

Sea bass ke protheine ea boleng bo holimo e nang le mafura a phetseng hantle haholo a bitsoang omega-3s.

Omega-3s e thusa ho fokotsa ho ruruha mme e ka thusa ho fokotsa menyetla ea ho fokotseha ha kelello, khatello ea maikutlo le matšoenyeho (,,).

Le ha litlhapi tsohle li na le phosphorus e ngata, bass ea leoatle e na le palo e tlase ho feta lijo tse ling tsa leoatleng.

Leha ho le joalo, ho bohlokoa ho ja likaroloana tse nyane ho boloka litekanyetso tsa hau tsa phosphorus li le maemong.

Li-ounces tse tharo tsa li-bass tsa leoatle tse phehiloeng li na le ():

• sodium: 74 mg
• potasiamo: 279 mg
• phosphorus: 211 mg

4. Morara o mofubelu

Morara o mofubelu ha o monate feela empa o fana ka phepo e nepahetseng ka har'a sephutheloana se senyenyane.

Li na le vithamine C e ngata 'me li na le li-antioxidants tse bitsoang flavonoids, tse bontšitsoeng hore li fokotsa ho ruruha ().

Ntle le moo, morara o mofubelu o na le li-resveratrol tse ngata, mofuta oa flavonoid o bontšitsoeng o ruisa bophelo bo botle ba pelo le ho o sireletsa khahlanong le lefu la tsoekere le ho fokotseha ha kelello (,).

Litholoana tsena tse monate li amohela liphio, ka senoelo sa halofo (ligrama tse 75) tse nang le ():

• sodium: 1.5 mg
• potasiamo: 144 mg
• phosphorus: 15 mg

5. Makhooa a mahe

Le ha li-yolk tsa mahe li na le phepo e ntle, li na le phosphorus e ngata, e etsang hore makhooa a mahe e be khetho e ntle ho batho ba latelang phepo ea renal.

Makhooa a mahe a fana ka boleng ba boleng bo holimo, mohloli oa liprotheine o amohelang liphio.

Hape, ke khetho e ntle bakeng sa batho ba fumanang kalafo ea dialysis, ba nang le litlhoko tse phahameng tsa protheine empa ba hloka ho fokotsa phosphorus.

Makhooa a mabeli a maholo a mahe (ligrama tse 66) a na le ():

• sodium: 110 mg
• potasiamo: 108 mg ,.
• phosphorus: 10 mg

6. Konofolo

Batho ba nang le mathata a liphio ba eletsoa ho fokotsa palo ea sodium lijong tsa bona, ho kenyelletsa le letsoai le ekelitsoeng.

Konofolo e fana ka mefuta e meng e monate ho letsoai, e eketsa tatso lijana ha e ntse e fana ka melemo ea phepo e nepahetseng.

Ke mohloli o motle oa manganese, vithamine C, le vithamine B6 mme e na le metsoako ea sebabole e nang le thepa e khahlanong le ho ruruha.

Li-clove tse tharo (9 dikgerama) tsa konofolo li na le ():

• sodium: 1.5 mg
• potasiamo: 36 mg
• phosphorus: 14 mg

7. Buckwheat

Lihlahisoa tse ngata tse felletseng li na le phosphorus e ngata, empa buckwheat ke mokhelo o phetseng hantle.

Buckwheat e na le phepo e ntle, e fana ka bongata ba livithamini tsa B, magnesium, tšepe le fiber.

Hape ke lijo-thollo tse se nang gluten, e etsang hore buckwheat e be khetho e ntle bakeng sa batho ba nang le lefu lena leno kapa ho se mamellane ha gluten.

Senoelo sa halofo (ligrama tse 84) tsa bohobe bo phehiloeng se na le ():

• sodium: 3.5 mg ,.
• potasiamo: 74 mg
• phosphorus: 59 mg ,.

8. Oli ea mohloaare

Oli ea mohloaare ke mohloli o phetseng hantle oa mafura le phosphorus, e etsang hore e be khetho e ntle bakeng sa batho ba nang le lefu la liphio.

Khafetsa, batho ba nang le lefu la liphio le tsoetseng pele ba na le bothata ba ho boloka boima ba 'mele, ho etsa lijo tse phetseng hantle, tse nang le likhalori tse ngata joalo ka oli ea mohloaare e bohlokoa.

Mafura a mangata ka har'a oli ea mohloaare ke mafura a monounsaturated a bitsoang oleic acid, e nang le thepa e khahlanong le ho ruruha ().

Ho feta moo, mafura a monounsaturated a tsitsitse mochesong o phahameng, a etsa hore oli ea mohloaare e be khetho e nepahetseng bakeng sa ho pheha.

Khaba e le 'ngoe (ligrama tse 13,5) ea oli ea mohloaare e na le ():

• sodium: 0.3 mg
• potasiamo: 0.1 mg
• phosphorus: 0 mg

9. Bulgur

Bulgur ke sehlahisoa sa koro se felletseng se etsang mofuta o mong o tšabehang, o nang le liphio ho mefuta e meng ea lijo-thollo e nang le phosphorus le potasiamo e ngata.

Thollo ena e nang le phepo ke mohloli o motle oa livithamini tsa B, magnesium, iron le manganese

Hape ke mohloli o babatsehang oa protheine e thehiloeng ho limela ebile e tletse fiber, e bohlokoa bakeng sa bophelo bo botle ba lijo.

Senoelo sa halofo (91-gram) sa bulgur se na le ():

• sodium: 4,5 mg
• potasiamo: 62 mg
• phosphorus: 36 mg

10. Kh'abeche

K'habeche ke ea lelapa la meroho ea cruciferous mme e na le livithamini, liminerale le metsoako e matla ea limela.

Ke mohloli o moholo oa vithamine K, vithamine C, le livithamini tse ngata tsa B.

Ntle le moo, e fana ka faeba e sa qhibilihang, mofuta oa faeba e bolokang tsamaiso ea hau ea tšilo ea lijo e phela hantle ka ho khothaletsa ho tsamaea hoa mala le ho eketsa bongata setulong ().

Hape, e na le potasiamo e nyane, phosphorus, le sodium, e nang le kopi e le 'ngoe (70 grams) ea k'habeche e khabisitsoeng e nang le ():

• sodium: 13 mg
• potasiamo: 119 mg
• phosphorus: 18 mg

11. Kgoho e senang letlalo

Le ha ho hlokahala liprotheine tse fokolang ho batho ba bang ba nang le mathata a liphio, ho fa 'mele liprotheine tsa boleng bo holimo ho bohlokoa bakeng sa bophelo bo botle.

Sefuba sa kana se senang letlalo se na le phosphorus, potasiamo le sodium e fokolang ho feta khoho ea letlalo.

Ha u reka likhoho, khetha khoho e ncha 'me u qobe khoho e halikiloeng e entsoeng esale pele, kaha e na le sodium le phosphorus e ngata.

Li-ouniti tse tharo tsa letsoele la kana le se nang letlalo le na le ():

• sodium: 63 mg
• potasiamo: 216 mg
• phosphorus: 192 mg

12. Pelepele tsa tšepe

Pelepele ea tšepe e na le limatlafatsi tse ngata empa e na le potasiamo e nyane, ho fapana le meroho e meng e mengata.

Pelepele tsena tse mebala e khanyang li na le vithamine C. e matla ea antioxidant.

Ebile, pepere e le 'ngoe e khubelu ea tšepe (74 dikgerama) e na le 105% ea tlhahiso e khothalletsoang ea vithamine C.

Li boetse li na le vithamine A, phepo ea bohlokoa bakeng sa boits'ireletso ba mmele, e atisang ho sekisetsoa ho batho ba nang le lefu la liphio (40).

Pepere e le 'ngoe e khubelu (74 dikgerama) e na le ():

• sodium: 3 mg ,.
• potasiamo: 156 mg ,.
• phosphorus: 19 mg

13. Liieee

Liieee li ntle haholo bakeng sa ho fana ka tatso e se nang sodium ho lijana tsa phepo ea renal.

Ho fokotsa ho noa letsoai ho ka ba thata, ho etsa hore ho fumanoe mefuta e meng ea letsoai e monate.

Ho tšela eiee ka konofolo le oli ea mohloaare ho eketsa tatso lijong ntle le ho beha bophelo bo botle ba liphio kotsing.

Ho feta moo, eiee e na le vithamine ea C, manganese le B livithamini tse ngata 'me e na le likhoele tsa prebiotic tse thusang ho boloka tsamaiso ea hau ea tšilo ea lijo e phetse hantle ka ho fepa libaktheria tsa mala tse molemo ().

Eiee e nyane (70 grams) e na le ():

• sodium: 3 mg ,.
• potasiamo: 102 mg
• phosphorus: 20 mg

14. Arugula

Meroho e mengata e phetseng hantle joalo ka spinach le kale e na le potasiamo e ngata ebile e thata ho kenella lijong tsa renal.

Leha ho le joalo, arugula ke botala bo botenya bo nang le limatlafatsi bo nang le potasiamo e ngata, e etsang hore e be khetho e ntle bakeng sa lisalate tse lumellanang le liphio le lijana tse lehlakoreng.

Arugula ke mohloli o motle oa vithamine K le liminerale tsa manganese le calcium, tseo kaofela li leng bohlokoa bakeng sa bophelo bo botle ba masapo.

Botala bona bo nang le phepo bo boetse bo na le nitrate, e bonts'itsoeng e theola khatello ea mali, e leng molemo oa bohlokoa ho ba nang le lefu la liphio ().

Senoelo se le seng (ligrama tse 20) tsa arugula e tala se na le ():

• sodium: 6 mg
• potasiamo: 74 mg
• phosphorus: 10 mg

15. Linate tsa Macadamia

Boholo ba linate li na le phosphorus e ngata ebile ha e khothalletsoe bakeng sa ba latelang phepo ea renal.

Leha ho le joalo, linate tsa macadamia ke khetho e monate ho batho ba nang le mathata a liphio. Li phosphorus e tlase haholo ho feta linate tse tsebahalang joalo ka linate le lialmonde.

Li boetse li tletse mafura a phetseng hantle, livithamini tsa B, magnesium, koporo, tšepe le mankanese.

Ho na le ligrama tse 28 tsa linate tsa macadamia tse nang le ():

• sodium: 1.4 mg
• potasiamo: 103 mg ,.
• phosphorus: 53 mg ,.

16. Radish

Radishes ke meroho e hlabosang e etsang tlatsetso e phetseng hantle lijong tsa renal.

Lebaka ke hore li na le potasiamo e nyane haholo le phosphorus empa li na le limatlafatsi tse ling tse ngata tsa bohlokoa.

Radishes ke mohloli o moholo oa vithamine C, antioxidant e bontšitsoeng e fokotsa kotsi ea lefu la pelo le lera la mahlo (,).

Ntle le moo, tatso ea bona ea pepere e etsa tlatsetso e monate lijong tse tlase tsa sodium.

Senoelo sa halofo ea ligrama tse 58 se entsoe ka ():

• sodium: 23 mg
• potasiamo: 135 mg
• phosphorus: 12 mg

17. Turnips

Turnips e na le botsoalle ho liphio 'me e etsa sebaka se setle sa meroho e nang le potasiamo e phahameng joalo ka litapole le squash ea mariha.

Meroho ena ea metso e tletse fiber le vithamine C. Hape ke mohloli o hlomphehang oa vithamine B6 le mankanese.

Li ka halikisoa kapa tsa belisoa ebe li sililoa bakeng sa sejana se phetseng hantle se sebetsang hantle bakeng sa phepo ea renal.

Senoelo sa halofo (li-gramme tsa 78) tsa li-turnip tse phehiloeng li na le ():

• sodium: 12.5 mg ,.
• potasiamo: 138 mg
• phosphorus: 20 mg

18. Naenapole

Litholoana tse ngata tsa tropike tse kang lilamunu, libanana le li-kiwis li na le potasiamo e ngata haholo.

Ka lehlohonolo, phaenapole e etsa mofuta o mong o monate, o tlase oa potasiamo bakeng sa ba nang le mathata a liphio.

Hape, phaenapole e ruile fiber, manganese, vithamine C le bromelain, enzyme e thusang ho fokotsa ho ruruha ().

Senoelo se le seng (ligrama tse 165) tsa mananapole a phaenapole a na le ():

• sodium: 2 mg ,.
• potasiamo: 180 mg
• phosphorus: 13 mg

Mokhoa oa ho khaola phaenapole

19. Cranberries

Cranberries e rua molemo ka pampiri ea lipompo le liphio.

Litholoana tsena tse nyane tse nang le litapole li na le li-phytonutrients tse bitsoang mofuta oa A proanthocyanidins, e thibelang baktheria hore e se ke ea khomarela lera la mosese le senya, ka hona ea thibela tšoaetso (53,).

Sena se thusa ba nang le lefu la liphio, kaha ba na le kotsi e kholo ea tšoaetso ea mosese (55).

Li-cranberries li ka jeoa li omisitsoe, li phehiloe, li le ncha kapa e le lero. Li na le potasiamo e nyane haholo, phosphorus le sodium.

Senoelo se le seng (100 grams) sa cranberries e ncha se na le ():

• sodium: 2 mg ,.
• potasiamo: 80 mg
• phosphorus: 11 mg

20. Li-mushroom tsa Shiitake

Li-mushroom tsa Shiitake ke sesebelisoa se monate se ka sebelisoang e le sebaka sa nama se thehiloeng ho limela bakeng sa ba lijong tsa renal ba hlokang ho fokotsa liprotheine.

Ke mohloli o motle oa li-vithamine tsa B, koporo, mankanese le selenium.

Ntle le moo, li fana ka liprotheine tse ngata tse thehiloeng ho limela le fiber.

Li-mushroom tsa Shiitake li na le potasiamo e tlase ho feta portobello le li-mushroom tse tšoeu tse tšoeu, e li etsang khetho e bohlale ho ba latelang lijo tsa renal (,).

Senoelo se le seng (145 dikgerama) sa li-mushroom tse phehiloeng tsa shiitake se na le ():

• sodium: 6 mg
• potasiamo: 170 mg
• phosphorus: 42 mg

Ntlha ea bohlokoa

Lijo tse amohelang liphio tse kaholimo ke likhetho tse ntle haholo bakeng sa batho ba latelang phepo ea renal.

Hopola ho lula u bua ka lijo tseo u li khethang le mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo ho etsa bonnete ba hore u latela lijo tse nepahetseng bakeng sa litlhoko tsa hau.

Lithibelo tsa lijo li fapana ho latela mofuta le boemo ba tšenyo ea liphio, hammoho le lits'ebetso tsa bongaka tse teng, joalo ka meriana kapa kalafo ea dialysis.

Le ha ho latela lijo tsa renal ho ka utloa ho na le lithibelo ka linako tse ling, ho na le lijo tse ngata tse monate tse lumellanang le moralo oa phepo o phetseng hantle, o leka-lekaneng le o nang le liphio.