Ho hlahlojoa ka bophelo bo botle ho basali ba lilemo li 18 ho isa ho 39

U lokela ho etela mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo nako le nako, leha o phetse hantle. Morero oa maeto ana ke ho:

• Screen bakeng sa litaba tsa bongaka
• Lekola kotsi ea hau ea mathata a bongaka a kamoso
• Khothaletsa mokhoa oa bophelo o phetseng hantle
• Nchafatsa liente
• Ho u thusa ho tseba mofani oa hau haeba ho ka etsahala hore u kule

Le ha o ikutloa o phetse hantle, o ntse o lokela ho bona mofani oa hau bakeng sa ho hlahlojoa khafetsa. Liketelo tsena li ka u thusa ho qoba mathata nakong e tlang. Mohlala, tsela feela ea ho tseba hore na o na le khatello e phahameng ea mali ke ho e hlahloba khafetsa. Tsoekere e phahameng ea mali le maemo a phahameng a k'holeseterole le tsona li kanna tsa se be le matšoao matsatsing a pele. Teko e bonolo ea mali e ka hlahloba maemo ana.

Ho na le linako tse ikhethang tseo u lokelang ho bona mofani oa hau oa litšebeletso. Ka tlase ke litataiso tsa ho lekola basali ba lilemo li 18 ho isa ho 39.

LITLHAKISO TSA MALI

• Etsa hore khatello ea mali ea hau e hlahlojoe bonyane hanngoe ka mor'a lilemo tse peli. Haeba nomoro e holimo (systolic number) e tsoa ho 120 ho isa ho 139, kapa palo e ka tlase (diastolic number) e tsoa ho 80 ho isa ho 89 mm Hg, o lokela ho e hlahloba selemo se seng le se seng.
• Haeba nomoro e holimo e le 130 kapa ho feta kapa ea tlase e le 80 kapa ho feta, hlophisa kopano le mofani oa hau ho ithuta hore na u ka fokotsa khatello ea mali joang.
• Haeba u na le lefu la tsoekere, lefu la pelo, mathata a liphio, kapa maemo a mang, ho ka hlokahala hore u hlahlojoe khatello ea mali khafetsa, empa bonyane hang ka selemo.
• Sheba tlhahlobo ea khatello ea mali sebakeng sa heno.Botsa mofani oa hau hore na u ka emisa ho hlahloba khatello ea mali ea hau.

LIEKETSENG CHOLESTEROL

• Ho khothalletsoa lilemo tsa ho qala tlhahlobo ea k'holeseterole ke lilemo tse 45 bakeng sa basali ba se nang lisosa tsa kotsi tsa lefu la pelo le lilemo tse 20 bakeng sa basali ba nang le lisosa tse tsebahalang tsa kotsi ea lefu la pelo.
• Basali ba nang le maemo a tloaelehileng a k'holeseterole ha ba hloke ho hlahlojoa makhetlo a 5.
• Pheta liteko kapele ho feta kamoo ho hlokehang haeba ho na le liphetoho tseleng eo u phelang ka eona (ho kenyeletsoa le boima le boima ba 'mele).
• Haeba u na le lefu la tsoekere, lefu la pelo, mathata a liphio, kapa maemo a mang, ho ka hlokahala hore u beoe leihlo haufi-ufi.

HO HLOKA LEFU LA SETSOANE

• Haeba khatello ea mali ea hau e le 130/80 mm Hg kapa kaholimo, mofani oa hau a ka leka boemo ba tsoekere ea mali bakeng sa lefu la tsoekere.
• Haeba u na le index ea boima ba 'mele (BMI) e fetang 25' me u na le mabaka a mang a kotsi a lefu la tsoekere, u lokela ho hlahlojoa. Ho ba le BMI ho feta 25 ho bolela hore o nonne haholo. Ma-Amerika a Asia a lokela ho hlahlojoa haeba BMI ea bona e feta 23.
• Haeba u na le mabaka a mang a kotsi a lefu la tsoekere, joalo ka degree ea pele e amanang le lefu la tsoekere kapa nalane ea lefu la pelo, mofani oa hau o tla u hlahlobela lefu la tsoekere.
• Haeba o nonne haholo mme o na le mabaka a mang a kotsi a kang khatello e phahameng ea mali mme o rera ho ima, ho hlahlojoa ho kgothaletswa
  

TLHAHLO YA MENO

• E-ea ho ngaka ea meno hang kapa habeli selemo se seng le se seng bakeng sa tlhahlobo le tlhoekiso. Ngaka ea meno ea hau e tla hlahloba haeba u hloka ho eteloa khafetsa.

TEKO YA LEIHLO

• Haeba u na le mathata a pono, etsa tlhahlobo ea mahlo lilemo tse ling le tse ling tse peli kapa ho feta hangata haeba ho khothaletsoa ke mofani oa hau.
• Etsa tlhahlobo ea mahlo bonyane selemo se seng le se seng haeba u na le lefu la tsoekere.

LIEKETSO LIPOLELO

• U lokela ho tšoaroa ke ntaramane selemo se seng le se seng.
• Ha u le lilemo li 19 kapa kamora moo, u lokela ho ba le ente e le 'ngoe ea tetanus-diphtheria le acellular pertussis (Tdap) e le e' ngoe ea liente tsa hau tsa tetanus-diphtheria haeba u sa e amohela ha u sa le mocha. U lokela ho ba le tetanus-diphtheria booster lilemo tse ling le tse ling tse 10.
• U lokela ho fumana litekanyo tse peli tsa ente ea varicella haeba u e-s'o ka u e-ba le kokoana-hloko kapa ente ea varicella.
• U lokela ho fuoa tekanyetso e le 'ngoe ho isa ho tse peli ea ente ea mmaselese, mumps le rubella (MMR) haeba u se u ntse u se na' mele oa hau oa MMR. Ngaka ea hau e ka u joetsa haeba u sa itšireletse mafung.
  
• Mofani oa hau a ka khothaletsa liente tse ling haeba u le kotsing e kholo ea maemo a itseng, a kang pneumonia.

Botsa mofani oa hau ka vaksine ea motho ea papilloma virus (HPV) haeba u le lilemo li 19 ho isa 26 'me u na le:

• Ha a fumana ente ea HPV nakong e fetileng
• Ha o qete letoto la liente tse felletseng (o lokela ho fumana sethunya sena)

HO HLOKAHALA MAFU

• Basali ba etsang thobalano ba lokela ho hlahlojoa chlamydia le gonorrhea ho fihlela lilemo tse 25. Basali ba lilemo li 25 ho ea holimo ba lokela ho hlahlojoa haeba ba le kotsing e kholo.
  
• Batho bohle ba baholo ba lilemo li 18 ho isa ho 79 ba lokela ho fumana teko ea nako e le 'ngoe bakeng sa lefu la sebete la mofuta oa C.
  
• Ho ipapisitse le mokhoa oa hau oa bophelo le nalane ea bongaka, u kanna ua hloka ho hlahlojoa mafu a kang syphilis le HIV, le mafu a mang.
  

• Khatello ea mali ea hau e lokela ho hlahlojoa bonyane lilemo tse 1 ho isa ho tse 2.
• Ho hlahlojoa ha mofetše oa popelo ho lokela ho qala ha a le lilemo li 21.
• Bolelele ba hau, boima ba hau, le BMI li lokela ho hlahlojoa litekong tsohle.

Nakong ea tlhahlobo ea hau, mofani oa hau a ka u botsa ka:

• Ho tepella maikutlo
• Lijo le boikoetliso
• Tšebeliso ea joala le koae
• Litaba tsa polokeho, joalo ka ho sebelisa mabanta a setulo le li-detectors tsa mosi

LITLHAKU TSA KANTS'A SEBELE

• Basali ba ka itlhahloba letswele khoeli le khoeli. Leha ho le joalo, litsebi ha li lumellane ka melemo ea ho itlhahloba matsoele ho fumana mofetše oa matsoele kapa ho boloka bophelo. Bua le mofani oa hau ka se u loketseng.
• Ho hlahloba mammogram ha ho khothaletsoe ho basali ba bangata ba ka tlase ho lilemo tse 40.
• Haeba u na le mme kapa khaitseli ea nang le mofetše oa matsoele a sa le monyane lilemong, nahana ka mammograms a selemo le selemo. Ba lokela ho qala pejana ho lilemo tseo setho sa bona sa ho fela sa lelapa se fumanoeng ka sona.
• Haeba u na le mabaka a mang a kotsi a kankere ea matsoele, mofani oa hau a ka khothaletsa mammogram, matsoele a ultrasound kapa tlhahlobo ea MRI.
• Ikopanye le mofani oa hau hang-hang haeba u hlokomela phetoho matsoeleng a hao, ebang u itlhahloba matsoele kapa che.
• Haeba u le lilemo li 18 ho isa ho tse 39, mofani oa hau a ka etsa tlhahlobo ea sefuba ea bongaka.

LITLHAKU TSA K'HEREKERE EA CERVICAL

Ho hlahlojoa ha kankere ea popelo ho lokela ho qala ha a le lilemo li 21. Kamora teko ea pele:

• Basali ba lilemo li 21 ho ea ho 29 ba lokela ho etsa tlhahlobo ea Pap lilemo tse ling le tse ling tse tharo. Ho hlahlojoa ha HPV ha ho khothaletsoe sehlopheng sena sa lilemo.
  
• Basali ba lilemo li 30 ho isa ho 65 ba lokela ho hlahlojoa ka tlhahlobo ea Pap lilemo tse ling le tse ling tse tharo kapa tlhahlobo ea HPV lilemo tse ling le tse ling tse 5.
  
• Haeba uena kapa molekane oa hau oa thobalano le balekane ba bang ba bacha, le lokela ho etsa tlhahlobo ea Pap lilemo tse ling le tse ling tse tharo.
  
• Basali ba 'nileng ba phekoloa bakeng sa precancer (cervical dysplasia) ba lokela ho tsoelapele ho etsa liteko tsa Pap bakeng sa lilemo tse 20 kamora kalafo kapa ho fihlela lilemo tse 65, hore na e telele ho feta eng.
  
• Haeba u tlositsoe popelo ea hau le molomo oa pōpelo (kakaretso ea hysterectomy) mme ha u so fumanoe u na le mofetše oa popelo u kanna oa hloka ho etsoa Pap smears.

BOITLALO SEKAU

• Mofani oa hau a ka hlahloba letlalo la hau bakeng sa matšoao a mofets'e oa letlalo, haholo haeba o le kotsing e kholo.
• Batho ba kotsing e kholo ba kenyelletsa ba kileng ba tšoaroa ke mofetše oa letlalo pele, ba na le beng ka bona ba haufi ba nang le mofetše oa letlalo kapa ba nang le boits'ireletso ba mmele bo fokolang.

LITLHAKISO TSE LING

• Bua le mofani oa hau ka ho hlahloba kankere ea colon haeba u na le nalane e matla ea lelapa ea mofets'e oa colon kapa li-polyps, kapa haeba u kile ua ba le mafu a ho ruruha kapa li-polyp.
• Ho khothaletsa ho hlahlojoa ha masapo a basali ba ka tlase ho lilemo tse 40 ha ho khothaletsoe.

Ketelo ea tlhokomelo ea bophelo bo botle - basali - ba lilemo li 18 ho isa ho 39; Tlhahlobo ea 'mele - basali - ba lilemo li 18 ho isa ho 39; Tlhahlobo ea selemo le selemo - basali - ba lilemo li 18 ho isa ho 39; Ho hlahlojoa - basali - ba lilemo li 18 ho isa ho 39; Bophelo ba basali - ba lilemo li 18 ho ea ho 39; Tlhokomelo ea thibelo - basali - ba lilemo li 18 ho isa ho 39

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