Sesebelisoa sa sefuba sa MRI

Tlhatlhobo ea matsoele ea MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) ke tlhahlobo ea litšoantšo e sebelisang limakete tse matla le maqhubu a seea-le-moea ho etsa litšoantšo tsa sefuba le lisele tse li potileng. Ha e sebelise radiation (x-rays).

MRI ea sefuba e ka etsoa hammoho le mammography kapa ultrasound. Ha se sebaka sa mammography.

U tla apara moaparo oa sepetlele kapa liaparo ntle le masenke a tšepe kapa zipper (borikhoe le sekipa). Mefuta e meng ea tšepe e ka baka litšoantšo tse lerootho.

U tla robala ka mpeng tafoleng e moqotetsane matsoele a hao a leketlile mekoting e koetsoeng. Tafole e kenella ka har'a tube e kholo e joalo ka kotopo.

Litlhahlobo tse ling li hloka dae e khethehileng (phapang). Boholo ba nako, o tla fumana dae ka mothapong (IV) letsohong kapa sephakeng. Dae e thusa ngaka (radiologist) ho bona libaka tse ling ka ho hlaka.

Nakong ea MRI, motho ea sebelisang mochini o tla u shebella a le kamoreng e 'ngoe. Teko e nka metsotso e 30 ho isa ho e 60, empa e ka nka nako e teletsana.

Mohlomong ha ho hlokahale hore u etse letho ho itokisetsa tlhahlobo. Botsa mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo ka ho ja le ho noa pele ho tlhahlobo.

Bolella mofani oa hau haeba u tšaba libaka tse thata (na le claustrophobia). U ka fuoa moriana ho u thusa hore u tšoaroe ke boroko le ho se tšoenyehe. Hape, mofani oa hau a ka fana ka maikutlo a "bulehileng" MRI. Mochini ha o haufi le 'mele mofuteng ona oa tlhahlobo.

Pele ho tlhahlobo, bolella mofani oa hau haeba u na le:

• Likoto tsa aneurysm tsa boko
• Mefuta e meng ea li-valve tsa pelo tsa maiketsetso
• Heart defibrillator kapa pacemaker
• Lisebelisoa tsa tsebe ea ka hare (cochlear)
• Lefu la liphio kapa dialysis (o kanna oa se khone ho fumana phapang ea IV)
• Manonyeletso a maiketsetso a sa tsoa beoa
• Mefuta e meng ea methapo ea methapo
• O sebelitse ka tšepe nakong e fetileng (o kanna oa hloka liteko ho lekola likotoana tsa tšepe mahlong a hau)

Hobane MRI e na le limakete tse matla, lisebelisoa tsa tšepe ha lia lumelloa ho kena ka phapusing e nang le sekena sa MRI:

• Lipene, mekotla e mekotla le likhalase tsa mahlo li ka fofa ka phapusing.
• Lintho tse kang mabenyane, lioache, likarete tsa mokitlane le lithuso tsa kutlo li ka senyeha.
• Lithakhisa, lithipa tsa moriri, li-zipper tsa tšepe le lintho tse ling tsa tšepe li ka sotha litšoantšo.
• Mosebetsi oa meno o tlosoang o lokela ho ntšoa pele ho scan.

Tlhahlobo ea MRI ha e bake bohloko. U tla hloka ho bua leshano. Motsamao o mongata o ka fifatsa litšoantšo tsa MRI mme oa baka liphoso.

Haeba u tšoenyehile haholo, u ka fuoa moriana oa ho kokobetsa methapo.

Tafole e kanna ea ba thata kapa ea bata, empa u ka kopa kobo kapa mosamo. Mochini o etsa lerata le lerata ha o buletsoe. Mohlomong u tla fuoa li-plug tsa tsebe ho thusa ho fokotsa lerata.

Intercom ka kamoreng eu lumella ho bua le motho neng kapa neng. Li-MRIs tse ling li na le lithelevishene le li-headphone tse khethehileng ho thusa nako hore e fete.

Ha ho na nako ea ho hlaphoheloa ntle le haeba u filoe moriana oa ho phomola. Kamora ho hlahloba MRI, o ka khutlela lijong tsa hau tse tloaelehileng, mesebetsing le meriana ntle le haeba ngaka eu joetsa ka tsela e ngoe.

MRI e fana ka litšoantšo tse qaqileng tsa sefuba. E boetse e fana ka litšoantšo tse hlakileng tsa likarolo tsa sefuba tseo ho leng thata ho li bona hantle ho ultrasound kapa mammogram.

Matšoao a matsoele a ka boela a etsoa ho:

• Hlahloba mofetše o mong ka letsoeleng le le leng kapa sefuba se seng kamora hore mofetše oa matsoele o fumanoe
• Khetholla liphatsa tsa 'mele le lihlahala tse sefubeng
• Lekola sephetho se sa tloaelehang ho mammogram kapa ultrasound ea matsoele
• Lekola hore na ho ka ba le ho phatloha ha li-implants tsa matsoele
• Fumana mofetše o fe kapa o fe o sallang kamora ho buuoa kapa chemotherapy
• Bontša phallo ea mali ka har'a sefuba
• Tsamaisa biopsy

MRI ea sefuba e kanna ea etsoa kamora mammogram ho lekola mofetše oa matsoele ho basali ba:

• Ba kotsing e kholo ea mofetše oa matsoele (ba nang le nalane e matla ea lelapa kapa matšoao a lefutso bakeng sa mofetše oa matsoele)
• E-ba le lisele tsa letsoele tse teteaneng haholo

Pele o e-ba le MRI ea matsoele, bua le mofani oa hau ka melemo le mathata a ho etsa tlhahlobo. Botsa ka:

• Kotsi ea hau ea kankere ea matsoele
• Hore na tlhahlobo e fokotsa menyetla ea hau ea ho bolaoa ke mofetše oa matsoele
• Hore na ho na le kotsi efe kapa efe e tsoang ho hlahlobeng mofets'e oa matsoele, joalo ka litla-morao tsa ho hlahlojoa kapa ho apareloa ke mofetše ha o fumanoa

Liphetho tse sa tloaelehang li ka bakoa ke:

• Kankere ea matsoele
• Likokoana-hloko
• Lisebelisoa tsa matsoele tse dutlang kapa tse robehileng
• Lisele tse sa tloaelehang tsa matsoele tseo e seng mofetše
• Lisele tsa makhopho

Ikopanye le mofani oa hau haeba u na le lipotso le lintho tse u tšoenyang.

MRI ha e na radiation. Ha ho litla-morao tse tsoang ho makenete le maqhubu a seea-le-moea a tlalehiloeng.

Mofuta o tloaelehileng oa phapano (dae) o sebelisitsoeng ke gadolinium. E bolokehile haholo. Liketso tse fokolang tsa 'mala ho dae ena ha li fumanehe hangata. Leha ho le joalo, gadolinium e ka ba kotsi ho batho ba nang le mathata a liphio ba hlokang dialysis. Haeba u na le mathata a liphio, bolella mofani oa hau pele ho tlhahlobo.

Matla a matla a khoheli a entsoeng nakong ea MRI a ka etsa li-pacemaker tsa pelo le lisebelisoa tse ling hore li se sebetse hantle. E ka baka sengoathoana sa tšepe kahare ho mmele oa hau ho sisinyeha kapa ho sutha.

Breast MRI e na le kutlo e fetang ea mammogram, haholo ha e etsoa ka dae e fapaneng. Leha ho le joalo, MRI ea matsoele e ka lula e sa khetholle mofets'e oa matsoele le makhopho a sefuba a sa cheleng. Sena se ka lebisa sephethong se nang le bohata.

MRI le eona e ke ke ea nka likaroloana tse nyane tsa calcium (microcalcifications), eo mammogram e ka e fumanang. Mefuta e meng ea lipalo e ka ba sesupo sa mofetše oa matsoele.

Ho hlokahala biopsy ho netefatsa sephetho sa sefuba sa MRI.

MRI - letsoele; Litšoantšo tsa Magnetic resonance - sefuba; Kankere ea matsoele - MRI; Ho hlahloba kankere ea matsoele - MRI

Webosaete ea American Cancer Society. Litlhahiso tsa Mokhatlo oa Amerika oa Kankere bakeng sa ho lemoha kankere ea matsoele kapele. www.cancer.org/cancer/breast-cancer/creening-tests-and-early-detection/american-cancer-society-recommendations-for-the-early-detection-of-breast-cancer.html. E ntlafalitsoe ka la 3 Mphalane, 2019. E fihlile ka la 23 Pherekhong 2020.

Webosaete ea American College of Radiology. Tloaelo ea ACR ea ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso ea seemahale se matlafatsang matla a khoheli (MRI). www.acr.org/-/media/ACR/Files/Practice-Parameter/mr-contrast-breast.pdf. E ntlafalitsoe 2018. E fihlile ka la 24 Pherekhong 2020.

American College of Obstetricians le Gynecologists (ACOG) webosaete. Bulogin ea Boitliso ea ACOG: Tekolo ea Kotsi ea Kankere ea Matso le Tlhatlhobo ho Basali ba Kotsi. www.acog.org/Clinical-Guidance-and-Publications/Practice-Bulletins/Committee-on-Practice-Bulletins-Gynecology/Breast-Cancer-Risk-Assessment-and-Screening-in-Average-Risk-Women. Che. 179, Phupu 2017 E fihletsoe ka la 23 Pherekhong 2020.

Webosaete ea National Cancer Institute. Ho hlahloba kankere ea matsoele (PDQ) - mofuta oa litsebi tsa bophelo bo botle. www.cancer.gov/types/breast/hp/screening-screening-pdq. E ntlafalitsoe ka la 18 Tšitoe 2019. E fihlile ka la 20 Pherekhong 2020. Siu AL; Sesole sa Ts'ireletso sa US. Ho hlahloba kankere ea matsoele: Polelo ea khothaletso ea Sesole sa Ts'ireletso ea US. Ann Intern Med. 2016; 164 (4): 279-296. PMID: 26757170 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26757170.