Ho koaloa ha methapo ea Retina

Ho koaloa ha methapo ea methapo ke ho koala ha methapo e menyenyane e tsamaisang mali hole le retina. Retina ke karolo ea lisele tse ka morao ea leihlo le ka hare le fetolang litšoantšo tse bobebe hore e be matšoao a methapo ebe li li romela bokong.

Ho koalloa ha methapo ea methapo hangata ho bakoa ke ho thatafala ha methapo (atherosclerosis) le ho thehoa hoa mali.

Ho koaloa ha methapo e menyenyane (methapong ea lekala kapa BRVO) ka har'a leihlo hangata ho hlaha libakeng tseo methapo ea methapo ea kutlo e thatafalitsoeng kapa e thatafalitsoeng ke atherosclerosis e tšelang ebe e beha khatello mothapong oa leihlo.

Lisosa tse kotsi tsa ho koaloa ha methapo ea sefahleho li kenyelletsa:

• Matšoafo
• Lefu la tsoekere
• Khatello ea mali e phahameng (hypertension)
• Maemo a mang a mahlo, joalo ka glaucoma, macular edema, kapa vitreous hemorrhage

Kotsi ea mathata ana ea eketseha ka lilemo, ka hona, ho fifala ha methapo ea kutlo hangata ho ama batho ba baholo.

Ho koaloa ha methapo ea mahlo ho ka baka mathata a mang a mahlo, ho kenyelletsa:

• Glaucoma (khatello e phahameng ka leihlong), e bakoang ke methapo e mecha e sa tloaelehang ea mali e hōlang karolong e ka pele ea leihlo
• Macular edema, e bakoang ke ho dutla ha mokelikeli ho retina

Matšoao a kenyelletsa ho fifala ka tšohanyetso kapa tahlehelo ea pono ho tsohle kapa karolo ea leihlo le le leng.

Liteko tsa ho lekola ho koaloa ha methapo li kenyelletsa:

• Tlhatlhobo ea "retina" kamora ho holisa morutoana
• Fluorescein angiography
• Khatello ea intraocular
• Karabo ea barutoana ba barutoana
• Tlhatlhobo ea leihlo la morao
• Ho nka lifoto tsa retina
• Hlakola tlhahlobo ea lebone
• Teko ea pono ea lehlakore (tlhahlobo ea tšimo ea pono)
• Teko ea pono ea mahlo ho fumana litlhaku tse nyane haholo tseo u ka li balang chate

Liteko tse ling li ka kenyelletsa:

• Liteko tsa mali bakeng sa lefu la tsoekere, k'holeseterole e phahameng le maemo a triglyceride
• Liteko tsa mali ho batla bothata ba ho hoama kapa ho thatafala ha mali (hyperviscosity) (ho batho ba ka tlase ho lilemo tse 40)

Mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo o tla beha leihlo haufi-ufi thibelo efe kapa efe ka likhoeli tse 'maloa. Ho kanna ha nka likhoeli tse 3 kapa ho feta bakeng sa litlamorao tse kotsi tse kang glaucoma ho hlaha kamora ho koaloa.

Batho ba bangata ba tla boela ba bone, leha ba sa fumane kalafo. Leha ho le joalo, pono ha e khutlele setloaeling. Ha ho na mokhoa oa ho etsolla kapa ho bula blockage.

U kanna ua hloka kalafo ho thibela ho thijoa ho hong ho tloha ka leihlong le leng kapa le leng.

• Ho bohlokoa ho sebetsana le lefu la tsoekere, khatello e phahameng ea mali, le maemo a phahameng a k'holeseterole.
• Batho ba bang ba kanna ba hloka ho noa aspirin kapa tse ling tse fokotsang mali.

Kalafo ea mathata a ho koaloa ha methapo ea sefahleho e ka kenyelletsa:

• Phekolo ea laser e shebileng, haeba macular edema e teng.
• Liente tsa li-anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) lithethefatsi ka leihlong. Lithethefatsi tsena li ka thibela kholo ea methapo e mecha ea mali e ka bakang glaucoma. Kalafo ena e ntse e ithutoa.
• Kalafo ea laser ho thibela kholo ea methapo e mecha e sa tloaelehang ea mali e lebisang ho glaucoma.

Phello e fapana. Batho ba nang le tšitiso ea methapo ea kutlo hangata ba boele ba bone hantle.

Ho bohlokoa ho sebetsana hantle le maemo a kang macular edema le glaucoma. Leha ho le joalo, ho ba le a mang a mathata ana ho ka lebisa liphellong tse mpe.

Mathata a ka kenyelletsa:

• Glaucoma
• Ho lahleheloa ke pono e sa fellang kapa e phethahetseng ka leihlong le amehileng

Bitsa mofani oa hau haeba u foufala ka tšohanyetso kapa u lahleheloa ke pono.

Ho koaloa ha mothapo oa mokokotlo ke sesupo sa lefu la methapo ea mali ka kakaretso (vascular). Mehato e sebelisetsoang ho thibela maloetse a mang a methapo ea mali e ka fokotsa menyetla ea ho koaloa ha methapo ea sefahleho.

Mehato ena e kenyelletsa:

• Ho ja lijo tse se nang mafura
• Ho ikoetlisa kamehla
• Ho boloka boima bo loketseng
• Ho se tsube

Aspirin kapa tse ling tse fokotsang mali li ka thusa ho thibela lithibelo leihlong le leng.

Ho laola lefu la tsoekere ho ka thusa ho thibela ho koaloa ha methapo ea sefahleho.

Ho koaloa ha methapo ea methapo e bohareng; CRVO; Ho koaloa ha methapo ea lekala; BRVO; Pono ea tahlehelo - ho koaloa ha methapo ea sefahleho; Pono e fosahetseng - ho koaloa ha methapo ea mahlo

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