Hlooho ea MRI

MRI ea hlooho (imaging resonance imaging) ke teko ea litšoantšo e sebelisang limakete tse matla le maqhubu a seea-le-moea ho etsa litšoantšo tsa boko le lisele tsa methapo tse potileng.

Ha e sebelise radiation.

Hlooho ea MRI e etsoa sepetlele kapa setsing sa radiology.

U robala tafoleng e moqotetsane, e kenellang ka har'a skena se seholo se bōpehileng joaloka kotopo.

Litlhahlobo tse ling tsa MRI li hloka dae e khethehileng, e bitsoang lintho tse fapaneng. Hangata dae e fanoa nakong ea tlhahlobo ka mothapo (IV) letsohong la hao kapa sephakeng. Dae e thusa radiologist ho bona libaka tse ling ka ho hlaka.

Nakong ea MRI, motho ea sebelisang mochini o u shebile a le kamoreng e ngoe. Teko hangata e nka metsotso e 30 ho isa ho e 60, empa e ka nka nako e teletsana.

O ka kopuoa ho se je kapa ho noa letho lihora tse 4 ho isa ho tse 6 pele ho scan.

Bolella mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo haeba u tšaba libaka tse haufi (na claustrophobia). U ka fumana moriana ho u thusa hore u tšoaroe ke boroko le ho se tšoenyehe. Kapa mofani oa hau a ka fana ka maikutlo a "bulehileng" MRI, moo mochini o seng haufi le 'mele.

U ka kopuoa ho apara moaparo oa sepetlele kapa liaparo ntle le maqhama a tšepe (joalo ka borikhoe le sekipa). Mefuta e meng ea tšepe e ka baka litšoantšo tse lerootho.

Pele ho tlhahlobo, bolella mofani oa hau haeba u na le:

• Likoto tsa aneurysm tsa boko
• Sephahla sa pelo sa maiketsetso
• Heart defibrillator kapa pacemaker
• Lisebelisoa tsa tsebe ea ka hare (cochlear)
• Lefu la liphio kapa le ho dialysis (o kanna oa se khone ho fumana phapang)
• Lenaneo la maiketsetso le sa tsoa beoa
• Sefuba sa mali
• O sebelitse ka tšepe nakong e fetileng (o kanna oa hloka liteko ho lekola likotoana tsa tšepe mahlong a hau)

MRI e na le limakete tse matla. Lintho tsa tšepe ha lia lumelloa ho kena ka phapusing e nang le sekena sa MRI. Sena se kenyelletsa:

• Lipene, mekotla e mekotla le likhalase tsa mahlo
• Lintho tse kang mabenyane, lioache, likarete tsa mokitlane le lithuso tsa kutlo
• Lithakhisa, lithipa tsa moriri, li-zipper tsa tšepe le lintho tse tšoanang tsa tšepe
• Mosebetsi oa meno o tlosoang

Haeba o hloka dae, o tla utloa pina ea nale letsohong la hao ha dae e keneloa ka mothapong.

Tlhahlobo ea MRI ha e bake bohloko. Haeba u thatafalloa ke ho bua leshano kapa u tšohile haholo, u ka fuoa moriana oa ho phomola. Ho tsamaea haholo ho ka fifatsa litšoantšo le ho baka liphoso.

Tafole e kanna ea ba thata kapa ea bata, empa u ka kopa kobo kapa mosamo. Mochini o etsa lerata le lerata ha o buletsoe. U ka kopa li-plug tsa tsebe ho thusa ho fokotsa lerata.

Intercom ka kamoreng eu lumella ho bua le motho neng kapa neng. Li-MRIs tse ling li na le lithelevishene le li-headphone tse khethehileng tse ka u thusang ho feta nako kapa ho thibela lerata la scanner.

Ha ho na nako ea ho hlaphoheloa ntle le haeba u filoe moriana oa ho phomola. Kamora ho hlahloba MRI, u ka khutlela lijong tsa hau tse tloaelehileng, mesebetsing le meriana.

MRI e fana ka litšoantšo tse qaqileng tsa boko le lisele tsa methapo.

MRI ea boko e ka sebelisoa ho hlahloba le ho lekola maloetse le mathata a mangata a amang boko, ho kenyelletsa:

• Sekoli
• Ho tsoa mali (subarachnoid ho tsoa mali kapa ho tsoa mali bokong ba 'mele)
• Liphetoho tsa moea
• Tšoaetso, joalo ka abscess ea boko
• Hlahala (kankere le noncancerous)
• Mathata a Hormonal (joalo ka acromegaly, galactorrhea le Cushing syndrome)
• Multiple sclerosis
• Leqeba

Ho hlahlojoa ha hlooho ea MRI ho ka tseba sesosa sa:

• Ho fokola ha mesifa kapa ho ba shohlo le ho hlohlona
• Liphetoho menahanong kapa boitšoarong
• Ho lahleheloa ke kutlo
• Ho opeloa ke hlooho ha matšoao a mang kapa matšoao a mang a le teng
• Ho bua ka mathata
• Mathata a pono
• Dementia ea kelello

Mofuta o ikhethileng oa MRI o bitsoang magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) o ka etsoa ho sheba methapo ea mali bokong.

Liphetho tse sa tloaelehang li ka bakoa ke:

• Metsing e sa tloaelehang ea mali bokong (ho senyeha ha methapo ea hlooho)
• Hlahala ea methapo e kopanyang tsebe le boko (acoustic neuroma)
• Ho tsoa mali bokong
• Tšoaetso ea boko
• Ho ruruha ha lisele tsa boko
• Lihlahala tsa boko
• Tšenyo bokong ho tsoa kotsi
• Ho bokella mokelikeli ho potoloha le boko (hydrocephalus)
• Tšoaetso ea masapo a lehata (osteomyelitis)
• Ho lahleheloa ke lisele tsa boko
• Multiple sclerosis
• Stroke kapa tlhaselo ea nakoana ea ischemic (TIA)
• Mathata a sebopeho bokong

MRI ha e sebelise radiation. Ho fihlela joale, ha ho litla-morao tse tsoang ho makenete le maqhubu a seea-le-moea tse tlalehiloeng.

Mofuta o tloaelehileng oa phapano (dae) o sebelisitsoeng ke gadolinium. E bolokehile haholo. Liketso tse fokolang tsa ntho eo ha li fumanehe hangata. Leha ho le joalo, gadolinium e ka ba kotsi ho batho ba nang le mathata a liphio ba leng dialysis. Haeba u na le mathata a liphio, bolella mofani oa hau pele ho tlhahlobo.

Matla a matla a khoheli a entsoeng nakong ea MRI a ka etsa li-pacemaker tsa pelo le lisebelisoa tse ling hore li se sebetse hantle. E ka baka sengoathoana sa tšepe kahare ho mmele oa hau ho sisinyeha kapa ho sutha.

MRI e sireletsehile nakong ea bokhachane. Maemong a mangata MRI e ka ba bonolo ho feta CT scan ho mathata bokong joalo ka bongata bo bonyenyane. Hangata CT e betere ha e batla libaka tse nyane tsa ho tsoa mali.

Liteko tse ka etsoang sebakeng sa MRI ea hlooho li kenyelletsa:

• Hlooho ea CT scan
• Positron emission tomography (PET) scan ea boko

Ho ka sebelisoa CT scan maemong a latelang, hobane e potlakile ebile hangata e fumaneha hantle ka phapusing ea maemo a tšohanyetso:

• Matšoenyeho a bohloko a hlooho le sefahleho
• Ho tsoa mali bokong (nakong ea lihora tse 24 ho isa ho tse 48 tsa pele)
• Matšoao a pele a stroke
• Mathata a masapo a lehata le mathata a amang masapo a tsebe

Mahlaseli a matla a nyutlelie - cranial; Litšoantšo tsa matla a khoheli - cranial; MRI ea hlooho; MRI - cranial; NMR - bohlanya; MRI ea Cranial; MRI ea Boko; MRI - boko; MRI - hlooho

• Boko
• Hlooho ea MRI
• Lobes tsa boko

CD ea Barras, Bhattacharya JJ. Boemo ba hajoale ba ho nka litšoantšo tsa boko le likarolo tsa anatomical. Ka: Adam A, Dixon AK, Gillard JH, Schaefer-Prokop CM, bahlophisi. Grainger & Allison's Tlhatlhobo ea Radiology. La 7th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: khaolo ea 53.

CC ea Chernecky, Berger BJ. Litšoantšo tsa Magnetic resonance (MRI) - tlhahlobo. Ka: Chernecky CC, Berger BJ, bahlophisi. Liteko tsa Laboraro le Mekhoa ea Tlhatlhobo. La 6th. St Louis, MO: Elsevier Saunders; 2013: 754-757.

Khan M, Schulte J, Zinreich SJ, Aygun N. Kakaretso ea litšoantšo tsa tlhahlobo ea hlooho le molala. Ka: Flint PW, Francis HW, Haughey BH, et al, eds. Cummings Otolaryngology: Ho Buuoa Hlooho le Nko. La 7th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: khaolo ea 8.