Ho lahleheloa ke mosebetsi oa mesifa
Ts'ebetso ea mesifa ke ha mesifa e sa sebetse kapa e sa tsamaee hantle. Lentsoe la bongaka bakeng sa tahlehelo e felletseng ea ts'ebetso ea mesifa ke ho holofala.
Ho lahleheloa ke mosebetsi oa mesifa ho ka bakoa ke:
- Lefu la mesifa ka boeona (myopathy)
- Boloetse ba sebaka seo mesifa le methapo li kopanang ho sona (mateano a methapo ea kutlo)
- Lefu la tsamaiso ea methapo: Tšenyo ea methapo (neuropathy), kotsi ea mokokotlo oa mokokotlo (myelopathy), kapa tšenyo ea boko (stroke kapa kotsi e 'ngoe ea boko)
Ho lahleheloa ke mesifa ka mor'a mefuta ena ea liketsahalo ho ka ba matla haholo. Maemong a mang, matla a mesifa a kanna a se ke a khutla ka botlalo, leha a fuoa kalafo.
Ho shoa litho ho ka ba ha nakoana kapa ho sa feleng. E ka ama sebaka se senyane (sa lehae kapa se tsepamisitsoeng) kapa sa anama (ka kakaretso). E kanna ea ama lehlakore le le leng (unilateral) kapa mahlakore ka bobeli (bilateral).
Haeba ho holofala ho ama halofo e ka tlase ea 'mele le maoto ka bobeli ho bitsoa paraplegia. Haeba e ama matsoho le maoto ka bobeli, e bitsoa quadriplegia. Haeba ho holofala ho ama mesifa e bakang ho hema, e ka beha bophelo kotsing kapele.
Maloetse a mesifa a bakang tahlehelo ea mesifa a kenyelletsa:
- Myopathy e amanang le joala
- Congenital myopathies (hangata haholo ka lebaka la lefu la lefutso)
- Dermatomyositis le polymyositis
- Myopathy e bakoang ke lithethefatsi (statins, steroids)
- Ho senyeha ha mesifa
Maloetse a tsamaiso ea methapo a bakang tahlehelo ea mesifa a kenyeletsa:
- Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS, kapa lefu la Lou Gehrig)
- Ho holofala ha tšepe
- Botulism
- Lefu la Guillain-Barré
- Myasthenia gravis kapa Lambert-Eaton Syndrome
- Phekolo ea methapo
- Ho bolaoa ke shellfish ea litho tse shoeleng litho
- Ho shoa litho nako le nako
- Kotsi ea methapo
- Pholio
- Mokokotlo kapa kotsi ea boko
- Leqeba
Ho felloa ke matla ha mesifa ka tšohanyetso ke tšohanyetso ea bongaka. Fumana thuso ea bongaka hang-hang.
Kamora ho fumana kalafo, mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo a ka khothaletsa tse ling tsa mehato e latelang:
- Latela phekolo eo u e filoeng.
- Haeba methapo ea sefahleho kapa ea hlooho e senyehile, o kanna oa ba le bothata ba ho hlafuna le ho koenya kapa ho koala mahlo. Maemong ana, ho ka buelloa lijo tse bonolo. Hape o tla hloka mofuta o itseng oa ts'ireletso ea mahlo, joalo ka sekhechana holim'a leihlo ha o robetse.
- Ho se sebetse ha nako e telele ho ka baka mathata a tebileng. Fetola maemo khafetsa 'me u hlokomele letlalo. Boikoetliso ba mefuta-futa bo ka thusa ho boloka molumo o itseng oa mesifa.
- Likaroloana li ka thusa ho thibela likhohlano tsa mesifa, boemo boo mesifa e khutsufatsoang ruri.
Ho holofala ha mesifa ho hloka tlhokomelo ea bongaka hanghang. Haeba u hlokomela ho fokola butle-butle kapa mathata a mesifa, fumana thuso ea bongaka kapele kamoo ho ka khonehang.
Ngaka e tla etsa tlhahlobo ea 'mele ebe e botsa lipotso ka nalane ea hau ea bongaka le matšoao a eona, ho kenyeletsoa:
Sebaka:
- Ke likarolo life tsa 'mele oa hau tse amehang?
- Na e ama lehlakore le le leng kapa a mabeli a 'mele oa hau?
- Na e qalile ka mokhoa o tsoang holimo ho ea tlase (ho theoha ho holofala), kapa mokhoa o tlase ho ea holimo (o holofala o holofetseng)?
- O na le bothata ba ho tsoa setulong kapa ho hloa litepisi?
- Na u na le bothata ba ho phahamisa letsoho holim'a hlooho?
- Na u na le mathata a ho holisa kapa ho phahamisa letsoho (lerotholi la letsoho)?
- Na u na le bothata ba ho tšoara (ho tšoara)?
Matšoao:
- O na le bohloko?
- O na le ho ba shohlohlora, ho hlohlona kapa ho lahleheloa ke maikutlo?
- Na u na le bothata ba ho laola senya kapa mala?
- O na le phefumoloho e khuts'oane?
- U na le matšoao afe a mang?
Nako ea nako:
- Na liketsahalo li etsahala khafetsa (khafetsa)?
- Li nka nako e kae?
- Na ts'ebetso ea mesifa e ntse e mpefala (e ntse e tsoela pele)?
- Na e tsoela pele butle butle kapa kapele?
- Na e mpefala ha nako e ntse e feta?
Lintho tse mpefatsang le tse imollang:
- Ke eng, haeba ho na le letho, e etsang hore ho holofala ho mpefale?
- Na e mpefala kamora ho nka litlatsetso tsa potasiamo kapa meriana e meng?
- Na ho betere ha o qeta ho phomola?
Liteko tse ka etsoang li kenyelletsa:
- Lithuto tsa mali (joalo ka CBC, phapang ea lisele tse tšoeu tsa mali, maemo a k'hemistri ea mali, kapa methati ea enzyme ea mesifa)
- Tlhatlhobo ea CT ea hlooho kapa ea mokokotlo
- MRI ea hlooho kapa ea mokokotlo
- Lumbar puncture (pompo ea mokokotlo)
- Ho tsuba ha mesifa kapa methapo
- Litšoantšo
- Lithuto tsa ho tsamaisa methapo le electromyography
Ho fepa kapa ho fepa methapo kahare ho ka hlokahala maemong a boima. Phekolo ea 'mele, kalafo ea mosebetsing, kapa kalafo ea puo e ka buelloa.
Ho shoa litho; Paresis; Tahlehelo ea motsamao; Ho se sebetse ha makoloi
- Mesifa ea ka ntle e kantle
- Mesifa e tebileng ea ka pele
- Ditendon le mesifa
- Mesifa ea maoto a ka tlase
Evoli A, Vincent A. Mathata a phetisetso ea neuromuscular. Ka: Goldman L, Schafer AI, li-eds. Phekolo ea Goldman-Cecil. La 26th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: khaolo ea 394.
Selcen D. Maloetse a mesifa. Ka: Goldman L, Schafer AI, li-eds. Phekolo ea Goldman-Cecil. La 26th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: khaolo ea 393.
Warner WC, Sawyer JR. Mathata a Neuromuscular. Ka: Azar FM, Beaty JH, Kanale ST, eds. Masapo a sebetsang a Campbell. 13th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: khaolo ea 35.