Ho kgohlela madi

Ho kgohlola mali ke ho tshwela madi kapa mamina a madi a tswang matshwafong le mmetsong (pampitšana ya ho hema).

Hemoptysis ke lentsoe la bongaka la ho khohlela mali ho tsoa phaleng ea phefumoloho.

Ho khohlela mali ha ho tšoane le ho tsoa mali molomong, 'metso kapa ka mpeng.

Mali a tsoang le sefuba hangata a shebahala a le bobebe hobane a kopane le moea le mamina. Hangata e bofubelu bo khanyang, leha e kanna ea ba mafome. Ka linako tse ling mameno a na le methapo ea mali feela.

Ponahalo e latela hore na ke eng e bakang bothata. Batho ba bangata ba sebetsa hantle ka kalafo ho phekola matšoao le lefu le le bakang. Batho ba nang le hemoptysis e matla ba ka shoa.

Maemo a 'maloa, maloetse le liteko tsa bongaka li ka etsa hore u khohlele mali. Tsena li kenyelletsa:

• Ho koala mali ka matšoafong
• Ho hema lijo kapa lisebelisoa tse ling ka matšoafong (pulmonary aspiration)
• Bronchoscopy e nang le biopsy
• Bronchiectasis
• Bronchitis
• Kankere ea matšoafo
• Cystic fibrosis
• Ho ruruha ha methapo ea mali matšoafong (vasculitis)
• Ho lematsa methapo ea matšoafo
• Ho halefa ha 'metso ka lebaka la ho khohlela ho matla (mali a manyane)
• Pneumonia kapa mafu a mang a matšoafo
• Edema ea pulmonary
• Sesebelisoa sa lupus erythematosus
• Lefuba
• Mali a masesaane haholo (a tsoang merianeng e fokotsang mali, hangata ho feta maemo a khothaletsoang)

Meriana e emisang ho khohlela (suppressants ea ho khohlela) e ka thusa haeba bothata bo bakoa ke ho khohlela ho matla. Meriana ena e ka lebisa ho lithibelo tsa sefofane, kahoo botsa mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo pele u li sebelisa.

Boloka tlaleho ea hore na o khohlela mali nako e kae, le hore na mali a mangata a tsoakane le mamina joang. Bitsa mofani oa hau nako efe kapa efe ha u khohlela mali, leha o sena matšoao a mang.

Fumana thuso ea bongaka hang-hang haeba u khohlela mali 'me u na le:

• Khohlela e hlahisang likhabapo tse fetang tse 'maloa tsa mali
• Mali ka morong oa hau kapa litulo
• Bohloko ba sefuba
• Botsoa
• Feberu
• Hlooho e bobebe
• Phefumoloho e khutšoanyane haholo

Nakong ea ts'ohanyetso, mofani oa hau o tla u fa kalafo ho laola boemo ba hau. Mofani oa hau o tla u botsa lipotso mabapi le khohlela ea hau, joalo ka:

• U khohlela mali a makae? Na u khohlela mali a mangata ka nako?
• O na le mamina a methapo ea mali (phlegm)?
• U khumotse mali makhetlo a makae mme e etsahala hangata hakae?
• Bothata bo nkile nako e kae? Na e mpefala ka linako tse ling joalo ka bosiu?
• U na le matšoao afe a mang?

Mofani oa hau o tla etsa tlhahlobo e felletseng ea 'mele mme a hlahlobe sefuba le matšoafo. Liteko tse ka etsoang li kenyelletsa:

• Bronchoscopy, teko ea ho bona lifofane
• Sekena sa CT
• X-ray sefubeng
• Palo e felletseng ea mali
• Biopsy ea matšoafo
• Lung scan
• Liketsahalo tsa pulmonary
• Tloaelo ea sekhohlela le tlotsa
• Leka ho bona hore na mali a koama ka tloaelo, joalo ka PT kapa PTT

Hemoptysis; Ho hlatsa madi; Sekgohlela se nang le madi

Brown CA. Hemoptysis. Ka: Marako RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, eds. Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Likhopolo le Tloaelo ea Kliniki. La 9th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: khaolo ea 21.

Mokha oa Swartz. Sefuba. Ka: Swartz MH, e hlophisitsoeng. Buka ea sengoloa ea tlhahlobo ea 'mele. La 7th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2014: khaolo ea 10.