Ho honotha

Ho lla ke molumo o phahameng oa mololi nakong ea ho hema. E etsahala ha moea o feta ka har'a methapo e fokotsang ea ho hema matšoafong.

Ho honotha ke sesupo sa hore motho a ka ba le mathata a ho hema. Molumo oa ho fehla o totobala haholo ha o hema (o tsoa). E kanna ea utluoa ha o hema ka ho hema.

Ho hema hangata ho tsoa methapong e menyenyane ea ho hema (methapo ea bronchial) e tebileng matšoafong. Empa e kanna ea ba ka lebaka la ho koaloa ha lifofane tse kholo kapa ho batho ba nang le mathata a itseng a molumo oa lentsoe.

Lisosa tsa mabili li ka kenyelletsa tse ling tsa tse latelang:

• Sefuba
• Ho phefumoloha ntho esele ho ea moeeng ho ea matšoafong
• Tšenyo le ho pharalla ha lifofane tse kholo matšoafong (bronchiectasis)
• Ho ruruha le ho ruruha ha mameno litemaneng tse nyane haholo tsa moea matšoafong (bronchiolitis)
• Ho ruruha le mamina a mangata litemaneng tse kholo tse tsamaisang moea matšoafong (bronchitis)
• COPD, haholo-holo ha tšoaetso ea phefumoloho e le teng
• Lefu la reflux ea acid
• Ho hloleha ha pelo (asthma ea pelo)
• Tsenene ea likokoanyana e bakang tšoaetso
• Meriana e meng (haholo-holo aspirin)
• Tšoaetso ea matšoafo (pneumonia)
• Ho tsuba
• Tšoaetso ea vaerase, haholo masea a ka tlase ho lilemo tse 2

Nka meriana ea hau kaofela joalo ka ha u laetsoe.

Ho lula sebakeng se nang le mongobo, moea o futhumetseng o ka thusa ho kokobetsa matšoao a mang. Sena se ka etsoa ka ho sesa ka metsi a chesang kapa ka ho sebelisa vaporizer.

Bitsa mofani oa hao oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo haeba a lla:

• E etsahala lekhetlo la pele
• E etsahala ka phefumoloho e khuts'oane haholo, letlalo le boputsoa, ​​pherekano kapa maemo a kelello a fetoha
• E ntse e etsahala ntle le ho hlalosoa
• E bakoa ke ho hlaseloa ke ho longoa kapa moriana

Haeba ho hema ho le matla kapa ho hlaha ka phefumoloho e mpe haholo, o lokela ho ea ka kotloloho lefapheng la tšohanyetso le haufi.

Mofani oa hau o tla etsa tlhahlobo ea 'mele' me a botse nalane ea hau ea bongaka le matšoao. Lipotso mabapi le ho luma ha hao li ka kenyelletsa hore na e qalile neng, e nkile nako e kae, e mpe neng le ho feta ebile e bakiloe ke eng.

Tlhahlobo ea 'mele e ka kenyelletsa ho mamela melumo ea matšoafo (auscultation). Haeba ngoana oa hau a e-na le matšoao, mofani oa thepa o tla etsa bonnete ba hore ngoana oa hau ha a koenye ntho e tsoang kantle ho naha.

Liteko tse ka etsoang li kenyelletsa:

• Mosebetsi oa mali, mohlomong ho kenyeletsoa le likhase tsa mali tse matla
• X-ray sefubeng
• Liteko tsa mosebetsi oa matšoafo

Ho lula sepetlele ho ka hlokahala haeba:

• Ho phefumoloha ho thata haholo
• Meriana e hloka ho fanoa ka mothapo (IV)
• Ho hlokahala oksijene e tlatselletsang
• Motho o hloka ho shebeloa ka hloko ke basebetsi ba tsa bongaka

Sibilant rhonchi; Ho fokola ha asma; Ho phunya - bronchiectasis; Ho phunya - bronchiolitis; Ho phalla - bronchitis; Ho phalla - COPD; Ho thothomela - ho hloleha ha pelo

• Asma le sekolo
• Pherekano - laola lithethefatsi
• Sefuba - lithethefatsi tsa liphallelo kapele
• Bronchoconstriction e bakoang ke boikoetliso
• Mokhoa oa ho sebelisa nebulizer

• Matšoafo

Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM. Ho hema, bronchiolitis le bronchitis. Ka: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, bahlophisi. Buka ea Nelson ea Pediatrics. La 21 Ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: khaolo ea 418.

Woodruff PG, Bhakta NR, Fahy JV. Pherekano: pathogenesis le phenotypes. Ka: Broaddus VC, Mason RJ, Ernst JD, et al, li-eds. Buka ea Bongaka ea Phefumoloho ea Murray le Nadel. La 6th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: khaolo ea 41.