Tracheostomy

Tracheostomy ke tšebetso ea ho buoa e etsang hore ho bulehe molala ho trachea (windpipe). Hangata tube e beoa ka lesoba lena ho fana ka tsela ea moea le ho tlosa liphiri matšoafong. Phala ena e bitsoa tube ea tracheostomy kapa tube ea trach.

Ho sebelisoa anesthesia ka kakaretso, ntle le haeba boemo bo le bobe. Haeba seo se etsahala, moriana o fokolisang o beoa sebakeng seo ho u thusa ho utloa bohloko bo tlase nakong ea ts'ebetso. Meriana e meng le eona e fuoa ho phomola le ho u khutsisa (haeba ho na le nako).

Molala oa hloekisoa ebe oa koaheloa. Ho seoa ho etsoa ho senola masale a thata a lefufuru a etsang lebota le kantle la trachea. Ngaka e buoang e bula lesoba ka har'a trachea ebe e kenya tube ea tracheostomy.

Tracheostomy e ka etsoa haeba u na le:

• Ntho e kholo e thibileng tsela ea moea
• Ho hloleha ho hema o le mong
• Tloaelo e futsitsoeng ea larynx kapa trachea
• Ho hema lintho tse kotsi tse kang mosi, mouoane, kapa likhase tse ling tse chefo tse ruruhang li thibele tsela ea moea
• Kankere ea molala, e ka amang phefumoloho ka ho tobetsa tseleng ea moea
• Ho holofala ha mesifa e amang ho koenya
• Likotsi tse mpe tsa molala kapa molomo
• Ho buuoa ho potoloha lebokose la lentsoe (larynx) le thibelang ho hema le ho koenya ho tloaelehileng

Likotsi tsa anesthesia efe kapa efe ke:

• Mathata a ho hema
• Ho itšoara ka meriana, ho kenyelletsa lefu la pelo le stroke, kapa khatello ea maikutlo (ho phatloha, ho ruruha, bothata ba ho hema)

Likotsi tsa ts'ebetso efe kapa efe ke:

• Ho tsoa mali
• Tšoaetso
• Kotsi ea methapo, ho kenyelletsa le ho holofala
• E qhekellang

Likotsi tse ling li kenyelletsa:

• Kamano e sa tloaelehang lipakeng tsa trachea le methapo e meholo ea mali
• Tšenyo ea qoqotho ea qoqotho
• Ho senyeha ha trachea (seoelo)
• Ho phunya ha matšoafo le matšoafo ho oa
• Matšoafo a trachea a bakang bohloko kapa bothata ba ho hema

Motho a ka ba le letsoalo la letsoalo mme a ikutloa a sitoa ho hema le ho bua ha a tsoha pele kamora tracheostomy le ho beoa ha tube ea tracheostomy. Boikutlo bona bo tla fokotseha ha nako e ntse e feta. Ho ka fanoa ka meriana ho thusa ho fokotsa khatello ea maikutlo ea mokuli.

Haeba tracheostomy ke ea nakoana, qetellong tube e tla tlosoa. Pholiso e tla hlaha kapele, e siee lebali le lenyane. Ka linako tse ling, ho ka hlokahala ts'ebetso ea ho buoa ho koala sebaka sa marang-rang (stoma).

Ka nako e 'ngoe ho ka ba le ho tiisa kapa ho tiisa trachea, e ka amang ho phefumoloha.

Haeba tube ea tracheostomy e lula e le teng, mokoti o lula o butsoe.

Batho ba bangata ba hloka matsatsi a 1 ho isa ho a 3 ho ikamahanya le ho hema ka pompo ea tracheostomy. Ho tla nka nako ho ithuta ho buisana le ba bang. Qalong, ho ka 'na ha se ke ha khoneha hore motho a bue kapa a etse melumo.

Kamora ho koetlisoa le ho ikoetlisa, batho ba bangata ba ka ithuta ho bua le tube ea tracheostomy. Batho kapa litho tsa lelapa ba ithuta ho hlokomela tracheostomy nakong ea ho lula sepetlele. Litšebeletso tsa tlhokomelo ea lapeng le tsona li ka fumaneha.

U lokela ho tseba ho khutlela mokhoeng oa hau o tloaelehileng oa bophelo. Ha o le kantle, o ka roala sekoaelo se hlephileng (tuku kapa tšireletso e 'ngoe) holim'a tracheostomy stoma (lesoba). Sebelisa mehato ea tšireletso ha u pepesehetse metsi, li-aerosol, phofo kapa likaroloana tsa lijo.

• Tracheostomy - letoto la lihlooho tse

Greenwood JC, Mariha ME. Tlhokomelo ea Tracheostomy. Ka: Roberts JR, Custalow CB, Thomsen TW, li-eds. Mekhoa ea Tleliniking ea Roberts le Hedges ho Meriana ea Tšohanyetso le Tlhokomelo e Ntle. La 7th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: khaolo ea 7.

Kelly Kelly. Maemo a tšohanyetso a phefumoloho. Ka: Cameron P, Jelinek G, Kelly AM, Brown A, Little M, bahlophisi. Buka ea lingaka ea Bongaka ba Bongaka ba Ts'ohanyetso. La 4 ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone; 2015: khaolo ea 6.