Chefo e khahlanong le mafome

Chefo e thibelang mafome e hlaha ha motho a hema kapa a koenya lihlahisoa tse khahlanong le mafome. Lihlahisoa tsena li ka phefumoloha ka phoso (ha li hema) haeba li sebelisoa sebakeng se senyane, se senang moea o lekaneng, joalo ka karache.

Sengoliloeng sena ke sa tlhahisoleseling feela. SE KE UA e sebelisa ho alafa kapa ho laola chefo ea 'nete. Haeba uena kapa motho e mong eo u nang le eena a e-na le ts'oaetso, letsetsa nomoro ea hau ea tšohanyetso ea lehae (joalo ka 911), kapa setsi sa hau sa taolo ea chefo se ka fihleloa ka kotloloho ka ho letsetsa mohala oa naha oa mahala oa Poison Help (1-800-222-1222) ) ho tsoa kae kapa kae United States.

Lintho tse loantšang mafome li na le lintho tse fapaneng tse chefo, ho kenyelletsa:

• Baemeli ba likhahla
• Li-hydrocarbon
• Asiti ea Hydrochloric
• Li-nitrite
• Asiti ea oxalic
• Phosphoric acid

Lihlahisoa tse fapaneng tse khahlanong le mafome

Chefo e thibelang mafome e ka bakang matšoao likarolong tse ngata tsa 'mele.

MAHLO, DITSE, NKO LE MORO

• Ho lahleheloa ke pono
• Bohloko bo boholo 'metso
• Ho opeloa haholo kapa ho chesa nko, mahlo, litsebe, molomo kapa leleme

MOKHATLO GASTROINTESTINAL

• Mali ka setuloaneng
• Ho chesa 'metso (' metso)
• Bohloko bo bohloko ba mpeng
• Ho hlatsa
• Ho hlatsa madi

PELO LE MALI

• Koala
• Khatello ea mali e tlase
• Methemoglobinemia (mali a lefifi haholo a tsoang lisele tse khubelu tse sa tloaelehang tsa mali)
• Asiti e ngata haholo kapa e nyane haholo maling, e lebisang tšenyehong lithong tsohle tsa 'mele

LIEKETSENG MATS'ELA

• Ho hloleha ha liphio

Boholo ba litlamorao tse kotsi tsa chefo e tsoang lihlahisoa tse thibelang mafome li tsoa ho ho hema ntho eo.

LIMAKATSO LE TSELENG

• Bothata ba ho hema
• Ho ruruha ha 'metso (ho ka baka mathata a ho hema)
• Pherekano
• Chemical pneumonitis
• Tšoaetso ea bobeli ea baktheria kapa vaerase
• Ho ruruha ha pulmonary edema
• Matšoenyeho a ho hema kapa ho hloleha
• Pneumothorax
• Pherekano ea Pleural
• Empyema

LITLHAKISO MOKHOA

• Moferefere
• Coma
• Pherekano
• Botsoa
• Tlhophiso
• Bosholu
• Ho opeloa ke hlooho
• Pono e lerootho
• Bofokoli
• Tšenyo ea boko ho tloha boemong bo tlaase ba oksijene

LEHATA

• Chesa
• Ho teneha
• Likoti (necrosis) letlalong kapa lisele tse ka tlase

Batla thuso ea bongaka hang-hang. U SE KE ua etsa hore motho a lahlele ntle le haeba a bolelloa joalo ke setsi sa chefo kapa setsebi sa tlhokomelo ea bophelo.

Haeba khemikhale e metsoe, fa motho eo metsi kapa lebese hanghang, ntle le haeba a laetsoe ka tsela e ngoe ke mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo. O SE KE WA fana ka metsi kapa lebese haeba motho a e-na le matšoao (a kang ho hlatsa, ho tsitsipana kapa boemo bo fokotsehileng ba tlhokomeliso) bo etsang hore ho be thata ho koenya.

Haeba motho a phefumoloha chefo, hang-hang mo ise moeeng o hloekileng.

Fumana lintlha tse latelang:

• Lilemo tsa motho, boima ba hae, le boemo ba hae
• Lebitso la sehlahisoa (metsoako le matla, haeba li tsejoa)
• Nako ha e metsoa
• Palo e metsitsoe

Setsi sa heno sa taolo ea chefo se ka fihlelleha ka kotloloho ka ho letsetsa mohala oa naha oa mahala oa Poison Help hotline (1-800-222-1222) ho tsoa kae kapa kae United States. Mohala ona oa naha o tla u lumella hore u bue le litsebi tsa chefo. Ba tla u fa litaelo tse ling.

Ena ke ts'ebeletso ea mahala le ea lekunutu. Litsi tsohle tsa lehae tsa taolo ea chefo United States li sebelisa nomoro ena ea naha. O lokela ho letsetsa haeba o na le lipotso mabapi le chefo kapa thibelo ea chefo. HA HO hlokahale hore e be boemo ba tšohanyetso. O ka letsetsa lebaka lefe kapa lefe, lihora tse 24 ka letsatsi, matsatsi a 7 ka beke.

Mofani o tla lekanya le ho lekola matšoao a hau a bohlokoa, ho kenyelletsa mocheso, ho otla ha pelo, sekhahla sa ho hema le khatello ea mali. Matšoao a tla tšoaroa a loketse. O ka amohela:

• Ts'ehetso ea ho hema, ho kenyelletsa le tube ka molomong le ka matšoafong, e hokahantsoeng le mochini o phefumolohang
• Bronchoscopy - kh'amera e nyane tlase molaleng ho bona ho chesa moeeng le matšoafong
• X-ray sefubeng
• ECG (electrocardiogram kapa ho batla pelo)
• Endoscopy - kh'amera e nyane tlase 'metsong ho bona ho chesa ka mpeng le ka mpeng
• Maro a tsoang mothapong (ka IV)
• Methylene blue - moriana oa ho khutlisa phello ea chefo
• Ho tlosoa ha letlalo la letlalo le chesitsoeng (ho senyeha ha letlalo)
• Tšoaea ka hanong ho kena ka mpeng ho hlatsoa mpa (ho hlatsoa ka mpeng)
• Ho hlatsoa letlalo (nosetso), mohlomong lihora tse 'maloa ka matsatsi a' maloa

Hore na motho o sebetsa hantle hakae ho latela palo ea chefo e metsitsoeng le hore na kalafo e amoheloa kapele hakae. Ha motho a fumana thuso ea bongaka kapele, monyetla oa ho fola o betere.

Ho koenya chefo e joalo ho ka ba le litlamorao tse mpe likarolong tse ngata tsa 'mele. Tšenyo e ntse e tsoela pele ho hlaha liphio, sebete, 'metso le mpa ka libeke tse' maloa kamora hore ntho eo e metsoe. Sephetho se ipapisitse le tšenyo ena.

Blanc PD. Likarabo tse matla liphatsong tse chefo. Ka: Broaddus VC, Mason RJ, Ernst JD, et al, li-eds. Buka ea Bongaka ea Phefumoloho ea Murray le Nadel. La 6th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: khaolo ea 75.

Hoyte C. Li-Caustics. Ka: Marako RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, eds. Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Likhopolo le Tloaelo ea Kliniki. La 9th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: khaolo ea 148.

Li-Tibballs J. Chefo ea bana le envenomation. Ka: Bersten AD, Handy JM, li-eds. Buka ea Oh’s Intensive Care. La 8th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: khaolo ea 114.