Ho ba le bothata ba ho ikamahanya le maemo ho tloha boseeng kapa bongoaneng

Bothata ba ho ikamahanya le maemo ke bothata boo ngoana a sa khoneng ho theha likamano tse tloaelehileng kapa tse lerato habonolo le ba bang. Ho nkuoa e le ka lebaka la ho se thehe kamano le mohlokomeli ofe kapa ofe ea khethehileng a sa le monyane haholo.

Bothata ba ho ikopanya le motho bo sebetsang bo bakoa ke tlhekefetso kapa ho se tsotelle litlhoko tsa lesea bakeng sa:

• Likamano tsa maikutlo le mohlokomeli oa mantlha kapa oa bobeli
• Lijo
• Polokeho ea 'mele
• Ho ama

Lesea kapa ngoana a ka hlokomolohuoa ha:

• Mohlokomeli o holofetse kelellong
• Mohlokomeli ha a na tsebo ea botsoali
• Batsoali ba itšehlile thajana
• Batsoali ke bacha

Phetoho khafetsa ho bahlokomeli (mohlala, mahaeng a likhutsana kapa tlhokomelo ea bana) ke sesosa se seng sa bothata ba ho ikamahanya le maemo.

Ho ngoana, matšoao a ka kenyelletsa:

• Ho qoba mohlokomeli
• Qoba ho kopana
• Ho thata ho tšelisoa
• Ho se etse khethollo ha u kopana le batho bao u sa ba tsebeng
• Ho batla ho ba mong ntle le ho sebelisana le ba bang

Mohlokomeli hangata o tla hlokomoloha tse latelang:

• Litlhoko tsa matšeliso, tšusumetso le lerato
• Litlhoko tse kang lijo, ntloana le papali

Boloetse bona bo fumanoa bo na le:

• Nalane e felletseng
• Tlhahlobo ea 'mele
• Tekolo ea kelello

Kalafo e na le likarolo tse peli. Morero oa pele ke ho etsa bonnete ba hore ngoana o sebakeng se sireletsehileng moo litlhoko tsa maikutlo le tsa 'mele li fihlelloang.

Hang ha seo se se se thehiloe, mohato o latelang ke ho fetola likamano lipakeng tsa mohlokomeli le ngoana, haeba mohlokomeli e le bothata. Litlelase tsa botsoali li ka thusa mohlokomeli ho fihlela litlhoko tsa ngoana le tlamo ea hae le ngoana.

Ho fana ka tlhabollo ho ka thusa mohlokomeli ho sebetsana le mathata, joalo ka ts'ebeliso e mpe ea lithethefatsi kapa pefo ea lelapa. Litšebeletso tsa Sechaba li lokela ho latela lelapa ho etsa bonnete ba hore ngoana o lula tikolohong e bolokehileng, e tsitsitseng.

Ho kenella ka nepo ho ka ntlafatsa sephetho.

Haeba e sa phekoloe, boemo bona bo ka ama bokhoni ba ngoana ba ho sebelisana le ba bang ruri. E ka amanang le:

• Ho tšoenyeha
• Ho tepella maikutlo
• Mathata a mang a kelello
• Boloetse ba khatello ea maikutlo kamora ho sithabetsa

Boloetse bona hangata bo tsejoa ha motsoali (kapa eo e ka bang motsoali) a le kotsing e kholo ea ho se tsotelloe kapa ha motsoali ea mo hōlisang a thatafalloa ke ho sebetsana le ngoana ea sa tsoa fuoa.

Haeba u sa tsoa nka ngoana lehaeng la likhutsana le kantle ho naha kapa boemo bo bong moo ho ka 'nang ha hlokomolohuoa' me ngoana oa hau a bontša matšoao ana, bona mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo.

Ho tseba kapele ho bohlokoa haholo ho ngoana. Batsoali ba kotsing e kholo ea ho se tsotelle ba lokela ho rutoa tsebo ea botsoali. Lelapa le lokela ho lateloa ke mosebeletsi oa sechaba kapa ngaka ho etsa bonnete ba hore litlhoko tsa ngoana lia khotsofatsoa.

Webosaete ea American Psychiatric Association. Bothata ba ho ikamahanya le maemo. Ka: Mokhatlo oa American Psychiatric Association, ed. Buka ea Tlhatlhobo le Lipalopalo tsa Mathata a Kelello. La 5th. Arlington, VA: Khatiso ea Psychiatric ea Amerika; 2013: 265-268.

Milosavljevic N, Taylor JB, Brendel RW. Likamano tsa kelello le litlamorao tsa tlhekefetso le ho se tsotelle. Ka: Stern TA, Fava M, Wilens TE, Rosenbaum JF, bahlophisi. Sepetlele sa Massachusetts General Comprehensive Clinical Psychiatry. Lekhetlo la bobeli. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: khaolo ea 84.

Zeanah CH, Chesher T, Boris NW; Komiti ea American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (AACAP) ea Litaba tsa Boleng (CQI). Itloaetse paramethara bakeng sa tlhahlobo le kalafo ea bana le bacha ba nang le bothata ba ho ikamahanya le maemo le ho thibela bothata ba boitlamo ba sechaba. J Am Acad Bacha ba kelello. 2016; 55 (11): 990-1003. PMID: 27806867 phatlalatsoa.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27806867/.