Bothata ba kelello

Boloetse ba methapo ea kutlo ke poleloana e akaretsang e hlalosang ts'ebetso ea kelello e fokotsehileng ka lebaka la lefu la bongaka ntle le lefu la kelello. Hangata e sebelisoa ka mokhoa o ts'oanang (empa ka phoso) le 'dementia'.

Lethathamong le ka tlase ke maemo a amanang le lefu la methapo ea kutlo.

KOTSI EA BOKO E BAKOANG KE TRAUMA

• Ho tsoa mali bokong (tšollo ea mali ea intraerebral)
• Ho tsoa mali sebakeng se potileng boko (subarachnoid hemorrhage)
• Ho koala mali ka har'a lehata ho baka khatello bokong (subdural or epidural hematoma)
• Pherekano

HO PHEFA MAEMO

• Oxyjene e tlase 'meleng (hypoxia)
• Lebelo le phahameng la carbon dioxide 'meleng (hypercapnia)

LITŠITSO TSA CARDIOVASCULAR

• Dementia ka lebaka la lichapo tse ngata (dementia ea mafu a mangata)
• Matšoao a pelo (endocarditis, myocarditis)
• Leqeba
• Tlhaselo ea nakoana ea ischemic (TIA)

LIEKETSENG LITEKO

• Lefu la Alzheimer (le boetse le bitsoa senile dementia, mofuta oa Alzheimer)
• Lefu la Creutzfeldt-Jakob
• Ho fetisa lefu la mmele oa Lewy
• Lefu la Huntington
• Multiple sclerosis
• Khatello e tloaelehileng ea hydrocephalus
• Lefu la Parkinson
• Khetha lefu

DEMENTIA KA LEBAKA LA MABAKA A METABOLIC

• Lefu la liphio
• Lefu la sebete
• Boloetse ba qoqotho (hyperthyroidism kapa hypothyroidism)
• Khaello ea vithamine (B1, B12, kapa folate)

LITHETHEFATSI LE MAEMO A HLALANG JOALOKA JALA

• Boemo ba ho tlohela joala
• Ho tahoa ke tšebeliso ea lithethefatsi kapa joala
• Lefu la Wernicke-Korsakoff (phello ea nako e telele ea khaello ea thiamine (vithamine B1)
• Ho tlohela lithethefatsi (joalo ka sedative-hypnotics le corticosteroids)

LIEKETSO TS'IU

• Tšoaetso efe kapa efe ea tšohanyetso (e hlobaetsang) kapa ea nako e telele (e sa foleng)
• Chefo ea mali (septicemia)
• Tšoaetso ea boko (encephalitis)
• Meningitis (tšoaetso ea lesela la boko le lesapo la mokokotlo)
• Ts'oaetso ea Prion, joalo ka lefu la khomo ea bohlanya
• Syphilis ea morao-rao

Mathata a kalafo ea mofets'e le mofets'e ka chemotherapy le ona a ka baka mathata a methapo ea kutlo.

Maemo a mang a ka etsisang 'mele boko bo kenyeletsa:

• Ho tepella maikutlo
• Neurosis
• Kelello ea kelello

Matšoao a ka fapana ho latela lefu lena. Ka kakaretso, organic brain syndrome e baka:

• Moferefere
• Pherekano
• Ho lahleheloa ke nako e telele ea ts'ebetso ea boko (dementia)
• Ho lahleheloa ke tšebetso e matla, ea nakoana ea boko (delirium)

Liteko li ipapisitse le bothata bona, empa li ka kenyelletsa:

• Liteko tsa mali
• Electroencephalogram (EEG)
• Hlooho ea CT scan
• Hlooho ea MRI
• Lumbar puncture (pompo ea mokokotlo)

Kalafo e ipapisitse le boemo bo ka tlase. Maemo a mangata a phekoloa haholoholo ka tlhabollo le tlhokomelo e tšehetsang ho thusa motho ka mesebetsi e lahlehileng ka lebaka la libaka tseo tšebetso ea boko e amehang.

Ho ka hlokahala meriana ho fokotsa boits'oaro bo mabifi bo ka bang teng ka maemo a mang.

Mathata a mang ke a nakoana ebile a ka khutlisoa. Empa tse ngata li nka nako e telele kapa li mpefala ha nako e ntse e tsamaea.

Batho ba nang le lefu la methapo ea kutlo hangata ba lahleheloa ke bokhoni ba ho sebelisana le ba bang kapa ho sebetsa ba le bang.

Bitsa mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo haeba:

• U fumanoe u e-na le lefu la boko ba 'mele' me ha u tsebe hantle hore na ke bothata bofe bo nepahetseng.
• O na le matšoao a boemo bona.
• U fumanoe u e-na le lefu la methapo ea kutlo 'me matšoao a hau a mpefala.

Boloetse ba kelello ba kelello (OMS); Boloetse ba boko ba tlhaho

• Boko

Beck BJ, Tompkins KJ. Mathata a kelello ka lebaka la boemo bo bong ba bongaka. Ka: Stern TA, Fava M, Wilens TE, Rosenbaum JF, bahlophisi. Sepetlele sa Massachusetts General Comprehensive Clinical Psychiatry. Lekhetlo la bobeli. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: khaolo ea 21.

Fernandez-Robles C, Greenberg DB, Moferefere WF. Psycho-oncology: Likokoana-hloko tsa mafu a kelello le mathata a mofets'e le kalafo ea mofets'e. Ka: Stern TA, Fava M, Wilens TE, Rosenbaum JF, bahlophisi. Sepetlele sa Massachusetts General Comprehensive Clinical Psychiatry. Lekhetlo la bobeli. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: khaolo ea 56.

Merrick ST, Jones S, Glesby MJ. Liponahatso tse hlophisehileng tsa HIV / AIDS. Ka: Goldman L, Schafer AI, li-eds. Phekolo ea Goldman-Cecil. La 26th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: khaolo ea 366.