Ehrlichiosis

Ehrlichiosis ke tšoaetso ea baktheria e fetisoang ke ho loma ha tick.

Ehrlichiosis e bakoa ke baktheria eo e leng ea lelapa e bitsoang rickettsiae. Libaktheria tsa Rickettsial li baka mafu a mangata a tebileng lefats'eng ka bophara, ho kenyelletsa le Rocky Mountain spotted fever le typhus. Maloetse ana kaofela a namela ho batho ka ho longoa ke liboseleise, matsetse kapa longoanyana.

Bo-rasaense ba qalile ho hlalosa ehrlichiosis ka 1990. Ho na le mefuta e 'meli ea lefu lena United States:

• Human monocytic ehrlichiosis (HME) e bakoa ke baktheria ea rickettsial Ehrlichia chaffeensis.
• Human granulocytic ehrlichiosis (HGE) e boetse e bitsoa human granulocytic anaplasmosis (HGA). E bakoa ke baktheria ea rickettsial e bitsoang Anaplasma phagocytophilum.

Libaktheria tsa Ehrlichia li ka tsamaisoa ke:

• Letšoao la ntja la Amerika
• Letšoao la likhama (Ixodes scapularis), e ka bakang lefu la Lyme
• Lone Star tick

United States, HME e fumanoa haholo-holo libakeng tse ka boroa bohareng le Boroa-bochabela. HGE e fumanoa haholo-holo ka leboea-bochabela le holimo bohareng ba Midwest.

Lisosa tse kotsi tsa ehrlichiosis li kenyelletsa:

• Ho lula pela sebaka se nang le liboseleise tse ngata
• Ho ba le phoofolo ea lapeng e ka tlisang letšoao hae
• Ho tsamaya kapa ho bapala hara joang bo hodimo

Nako ea ho kopanya pakeng tsa ho longoa ke tick le ha matšoao a etsahala e ka ba matsatsi a 7 ho isa ho a 14.

Matšoao a ka bonahala a tšoana le ntaramane, 'me a ka kenyelletsa:

• Feberu le ho bata
• Ho opeloa ke hlooho
• Bohloko ba mesifa
• Ho nyekeloa

Matšoao a mang a ka bang teng:

• Letšollo
• Libaka tse ntle tsa hloohoana ea hlooho ea phallo ea mali letlalong (petechial rash)
• Boreleli bo boreleli bo sephara (maculopapular rash), e sa tloaelehang
• Boikutlo bo tloaelehileng ba ho kula (malaise)

Ho phatloha ho hlaha maemong a ka tlase ho karolo ea boraro ea linyeoe. Ka linako tse ling, lefu lena le ka 'na la fosahala ka lebaka la feberu ea Rocky Mountain, haeba lekhopho le le teng. Matšoao hangata a bobebe, empa batho ka linako tse ling ba kula ho lekana ho bona mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo.

Mofani oa hau o tla etsa tlhahlobo ea 'mele mme a hlahlobe matšoao a hau a bohlokoa, ho kenyelletsa:

• Khatello ea mali
• Ho otla ha pelo
• Mocheso

Liteko tse ling li kenyelletsa:

• Palo e felletseng ea mali (CBC)
• Letheba la Granulocyte
• Teko ea antibody e sa tobang ea fluorescent
• Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) liteko tsa sampole ea mali

Lithibela-mafu (tetracycline kapa doxycycline) li sebelisoa ho phekola lefu lena. Bana ha baa lokela ho noa tetracycline ka molomo ho fihlela meno a bona a sa feleng a holile, hobane e ka fetola mmala oa meno a sa feleng. Doxycycline e sebelisetsoang libeke tse 2 kapa ka tlase hangata ha e hlakole meno a sa feleng a ngoana. Rifampin e boetse e sebelisitsoe ho batho ba sitoang ho mamella doxycycline.

Ehrlichiosis ha e bolaee hangata. Ka lithibela-mafu, hangata batho ba ntlafala nakong ea lihora tse 24 ho isa ho tse 48. Ho hlaphoheloa ho ka nka libeke tse 3.

Ha e sa phekoloe, tšoaetso ena e ka lebisa ho:

• Coma
• Lefu (ka seoelo)
• Tšenyo ea liphio
• Tšenyo ea matšoafo
• Tšenyo e 'ngoe ea setho
• Inkela ka mahahapa

Maemong a sa tloaelehang, ho longoa ke liboseleise ho ka lebisa ho tšoaetso e fetang e le 'ngoe (ts'oaetso e kopaneng). Lebaka ke hore liboseleise li ka nka mefuta e fetang e le 'ngoe ea lintho tse phelang. Mafu a mabeli a joalo ke:

• Lefu la Lyme
• Babesiosis, lefu la likokoana-hloko le tšoanang le malaria

Letsetsa mofani oa litšebeletso tsa hau haeba u kula ka mor'a ho longoa ke libeche haufinyane kapa u kile ua ba libakeng tseo liboseleise li atileng ho tsona. Etsa bonnete ba hore o bolella mofani oa hau mabapi le ts'oaetso ea li-tick.

Ehrlichiosis e fetisoa ke ho longoa ke li-tick. Mehato e lokela ho nkuoa ho thibela ho longoa ke li-tick, ho kenyelletsa:

• Apara borikhoe bo bolelele le matsoho a malelele ha u tsamaea har’a borashe bo boima, joang bo bolelele le libakeng tse teteaneng tse nang le lifate.
• Hula likausi tsa hau ka ntle ho borikhoe ho thibela liboseleise ho khasa leoto la hau.
• Boloka hempe ea hau e kene ka borikhoe ba hau.
• Apara liaparo tse mebala e khanyang e le hore liboseleise li ka bonoa habonolo.
• Senya liaparo tsa hao ka moriana o lelekang likokoanyana.
• Lekola liaparo le letlalo la hau khafetsa ha o le morung.

Kamora ho khutlela hae:

• Tlosa liaparo tsa hao. Sheba haufi le bokaholimo bohle ba letlalo, ho kenyeletsoa le letlalo la hlooho. Li-tick li ka nyoloha ka potlako bolelele ba 'mele.
• Dikgofa tse ding di kgolo ebile ho bonolo ho di fumana. Dikgofa tse ding di ka ba nyane haholo, ka hona sheba ka hloko matheba wohle a matsho kapa a sootho letlalong.
• Ha ho khonahala, kopa motho e mong ho u thusa ho lekola 'mele oa hau bakeng sa liboseleise.
• Motho e moholo o lokela ho hlahloba bana ka hloko.

Liphuputso li bontša hore tšoaetso e tlameha ho hokelloa 'meleng oa hau bonyane lihora tse 24 ho baka mafu. Ho tlosa kapele ho ka thibela tšoaetso.

Haeba u lonngoe ke letšoao, ngola letsatsi le nako eo e longoeng ka eona. Tlisa tlhaiso-leseling ena hammoho le letšoao (haeba ho khonahala) ho mofani oa hau haeba u ka kula.

Motho monocytic ehrlichiosis; HME; Human granulocytic ehrlichiosis; HGE; Granlocytic anaplasmosis; HGA

• Ehrlichiosis
• Masole a mmele

Dumler JS, Walker DH. Ehrlichia chaffeensis (motho monocytotropic ehrlichiosis), Anaplasma phagocytophilum (human granulocytotropic anaplasmosis), le li-anaplasmataceae tse ling. Ka: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, bahlophisi. Mandell, Douglas, le Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. La 9th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: khaolo ea 192.

PE ea Fournier, Raoult D. Rickettsial tšoaetso. Ka: Goldman L, Schafer AI, li-eds. Phekolo ea Goldman-Cecil. La 26th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: khaolo ea 311.