Meningococcemia

Meningococcemia ke tšoaetso e matla le e ka 'nang ea beha bophelo ba mali kotsing.

Meningococcemia e bakoa ke baktheria e bitsoang Neisseria meningitidis. Hangata libaktheria li lula karolong e ka holimo ea phefumoloho ea motho ntle le ho baka matšoao a bokuli. Li ka hasana ho tloha ho motho e mong ho ea ho o mong ka marotholi a phefumoloho. Mohlala, u ka tšoaetsoa haeba u le haufi le motho ea nang le bothata mme a thimola kapa a khohlela.

Litho tsa lelapa le ba pepesehileng haufi le motho ea nang le boemo bona ba kotsing e kholo. Tšoaetso e hlaha khafetsa mariha le mathoasong a selemo.

Ho ka ba le matšoao a 'maloa qalong. Tse ling li ka kenyelletsa:

• Feberu
• Ho opeloa ke hlooho
• Ho teneha
• Bohloko ba mesifa
• Ho nyekeloa
• Lekhopho le nang le matheba a manyane a mafubelu kapa a pherese maotong kapa maotong

Matšoao a morao-rao a ka kenyelletsa:

• Ho theoha ha boemo ba hau ba tsebo
• Libaka tse kholo tsa ho tsoa mali ka tlasa letlalo
• Ho tshoha

Mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo o tla u hlahloba le ho botsa matšoao a hau.

Ho tla etsoa liteko tsa mali ho felisa mafu a mang le ho thusa ho netefatsa meningococcemia. Liteko tse joalo li ka kenyelletsa:

• Tloaelo ea mali
• Palo e felletseng ea mali ka phapang
• Lithuto tsa ho koala mali

Liteko tse ling tse ka etsoang li kenyelletsa:

• Lumbar puncture ho fumana sampole ea mokelikeli oa mokokotlo bakeng sa letheba la Gram le setso
• Letlalo la biopsy le letheba la Gram
• Ho hlahloba moroto

Meningococcemia ke tšohanyetso ea bongaka. Batho ba nang le ts'oaetso ena hangata ba amoheloa kamoreng ea tlhokomelo e matla ea sepetlele, moo ba behiloeng leihlo leihlo. Li kanna tsa beoa ka thoko bakeng sa phefumoloho lihora tse 24 tse qalang ho thusa ho thibela tšoaetso ea tšoaetso ho ba bang.

Kalafo e ka kenyelletsa:

• Lithibela-mafu tse fanoang ka methapo hang-hang
• Ts'ehetso ea ho hema
• Lintho tse koalang kapa sebaka sa platelet, haeba mathata a tsoang mali a hlaha
• Maro ka mothapong
• Meriana ea ho phekola khatello e tlase ea mali
• Tlhokomelo ea maqeba libakeng tsa letlalo tse nang le mali

Kalafo ea pele ho nako e hlahisa litholoana tse ntle. Ha ts'oaetso e hlaha, sephetho ha se na bonnete.

Boemo bona bo beha bophelo kotsing ho ba nang le:

• Boloetse bo matla ba ho tsoa mali bo bitsoang disseminated intravascular coagulopathy (DIC)
• Ho hloleha ha liphio
• Ho tshoha

Mathata a ka bang teng a tšoaetso ena ke:

• Ramatiki
• Bleeding disorder (DIC)
• Sefuba ka lebaka la khaello ea phepelo ea mali
• Ho ruruha ha methapo ea mali letlalong
• Ho ruruha ha mesifa ea pelo
• Ho ruruha ha lesela la pelo
• Ho tshoha
• Tšenyo e kholo ho litšoelesa tsa adrenal tse ka lebisang khatello e tlase ea mali (Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome)

E-ea kamoreng ea tšohanyetso hang-hang haeba u e-na le matšoao a meningococcemia. Bitsa mofani oa hau haeba u kile oa ba haufi le motho ea nang le lefu lena.

Hangata lithibela-mafu tse thibelang litho tsa lelapa le mabitso a mang a haufi li khothalletsoa. Bua le mofani oa hau ka khetho ena.

Ente e koahelang tse ling, empa eseng kaofela, mefuta ea meningococcus e khothalletsoa bakeng sa bana ba lilemo li 11 kapa 12. Ho fanoa ka booster ha ba le lilemo li 16. Baithuti ba koleche ba sa entoa ba lulang matlong a ho robala le bona ba lokela ho nahana ka ho fumana ente ena. E lokela ho fuoa libeke tse 'maloa pele ba kena ka phapusing ea ho robala. Bua le mofani oa hau ka vaksine ena.

Septicemia ea meningococcal; Chefo ea mali ea Meningococcal; Meningococcal bacteremia

Marquez L. Lefu la Meningococcal. Ka: Cherry JD, Harrison GJ, Kaplan SL, Steinbach WJ, Hotez PJ, bahlophisi. Buka ea Feigin le Cherry ea Pediatric Infectious Diseases. La 8th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: khaolo ea 88.

Stephens DS, Apicella MA. Neisseria meningitidis. Ka: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, bahlophisi. Mandell, Douglas, le Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases, Khatiso e Ntjhafalitsoeng. La 8th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2015: khaolo ea 213.