Karabelo ea ho tšeloa mali ha Hemolytic

Tšebetso ea ho tšeloa mali ha hemolytic ke bothata bo tebileng bo ka bang teng kamora tšelo ea mali. Karabelo e ba teng ha lisele tse khubelu tsa mali tse fuoeng nakong ea tšelo ea mali li senngoa ke sesole sa motho. Ha lisele tse khubelu tsa mali li senngoa, ts'ebetso ena e bitsoa hemolysis.

Ho na le mefuta e meng ea khatello ea mali e sa bakang hemolysis.

Mali a arotsoe ka mefuta e mene e fapaneng: A, B, AB le O.

Tsela e 'ngoe eo lisele tsa mali li ka aroloang ka eona ke ka mabaka a Rh. Batho ba nang le mabaka a Rh maling a bona ba bitsoa "Rh positive." Batho ba se nang lintlha tsena ba bitsoa "Rh negative." Batho ba Rh negative ba etsa li-antibodies khahlanong le Rh factor haeba ba amohela mali a Rh a nepahetseng.

Ho boetse ho na le lintlha tse ling tse khethollang lisele tsa mali, ntle le ABO le Rh.

Tsamaiso ea hau ea 'mele ea ho itšireletsa mafung hangata e ka tseba lisele tsa eona tsa mali ho tsa motho e mong. Haeba u amohela mali a sa lumellaneng le mali a hao, 'mele oa hau o hlahisa lithibela-mafu ho senya lisele tsa mali tsa mofani. Ts'ebetso ena e baka tšebetso ea tšelo ea mali. Mali ao u a fuoang ha u tšeloa mali a lokela ho lumellana le mali a hao. Sena se bolela hore 'mele oa hau ha o na lithibela-mafu khahlanong le mali ao ua fumanang.

Boholo ba nako, tšelo ea mali lipakeng tsa lihlopha tse lumellanang (joalo ka O + ho O +) ha e bake bothata. Tšelo ea mali lipakeng tsa lihlopha tse sa lumellaneng (joalo ka A + ho O-) e baka karabelo ea boits'ireletso ba mmele. Sena se ka lebisa tšebetsong e tebileng ea tšelo ea mali. Ts'ireletso ea mmele e hlasela lisele tsa mali tse fanoeng, e li baka ho phatloha.

Kajeno, mali ohle a hlahlobiloe ka hloko. Liketso tsa phallo ea mali li sa tloaelehang.

Matšoao a ka kenyelletsa efe kapa efe ea tse latelang:

• Bohloko ba morao
• Moroto o nang le madi
• Ho bata
• Ho akheha kapa ho tsekela
• Feberu
• Bohloko ba Flank
• Ho phalla ha letlalo

Matšoao a tšollo ea mali ea hemolytic hangata a hlaha nakong ea kapa hang kamora tšelo ea mali. Ka linako tse ling, li ka hlaha kamora matsatsi a 'maloa (ho lieha ho arabela).

Lefu lena le ka fetola liphetho tsa liteko tsena:

• CBC
• Teko ea li-coombs, e otlolohile
• Teko ea li-coombs, e sa tobang
• Lihlahisoa tse silafatsang tsa Fibrin
• Haptoglobin
• Nako ea karoloana ea thromboplastin
• Nako ea Prothrombin
• Serum bilirubin
• Serum creatinine
• Haemoglobin ea seramu
• Ho hlahloba urinal
• Haemoglobin ea moroto

Haeba matšoao a hlaha nakong ea ts'elo ea mali, tšelo e tlameha ho emisoa hanghang. Mehlala ea mali ho tsoa ho moamoheli (motho ea tšeloang mali) le ho mofani e ka hlahlojoa ho bona hore na matšoao a bakoa ke tšebetso ea tšelo ea mali.

Matšoao a bonolo a ka phekoloa ka:

• Acetaminophen, e kokobetsang bohloko ho fokotsa feberu le ho se utloise bohloko
• Maro a fanoang ka methapo (methapo) le meriana e meng ho alafa kapa ho thibela ho hloleha ha liphio le ho tshoha

Sephetho se latela hore na karabelo e matla hakae. Boloetse bona bo ka nyamela ntle le mathata. Kapa, ​​e kanna ea ba mpe ebile ea beha bophelo kotsing.

Mathata a ka kenyelletsa:

• Ho hloleha ho matla ha liphio
• Khaello ea mali
• Mathata a matšoafo
• Ho tshoha

Bolella mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo haeba u tšeloa mali 'me u kile ua ba le karabelo pele.

Mali a fanoeng a kenngoa lihlopheng tsa ABO le Rh ho fokotsa kotsi ea tšebetso ea tšelo ea mali.

Pele ho tšeloa mali, moamoheli le mofani oa mali baa lekoa (ba bapisoa) ho bona hore na lia lumellana. Mali a fokolang a mofani a kopantsoe le mali a manyane a amoheloang. Motsoako o hlahlojoa ka tlas'a microscope bakeng sa matšoao a tšoaetso ea antibody.

Pele ho tšelo ea mali, mofani oa hau o tla hlahloba hape ho netefatsa hore o fumana mali a nepahetseng.

Karabelo ea tšelo ea mali

• Liprotheine tse holimo li baka ho lahloa

Molemo ka ho fetisisa LT. Moriana oa tšelo ea mali. Ka: Goldman L, Schafer AI, li-eds. Phekolo ea Goldman-Cecil. La 25th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: khaolo ea 177.

Holo ea JE. Mefuta ea mali; tšelo ea mali; phetisetso ea lisele le setho. Ka: Holo ea JE, ed. Buka ea Guyton le Hall ea Physiology ea Bongaka. 13th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: khaolo ea 36.

Savage W. Liketso tsa phetisetso ea mali le lihlahisoa tsa kalafo ea lisele. Ka: Hoffman R, Benz EJ, Silberstein LE, et al, eds. Hematology: Melao-motheo le Tloaelo ea Motheo. La 7th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: khaolo ea 119.