Parathyroid hyperplasia

Parathyroid hyperplasia ke ho holisa litšoelesa tsohle tse 4 tsa parathyroid. Litšoelesa tsa parathyroid li molaleng, haufi kapa li hokelletsoe ka morao lehlakoreng la qoqotho.

Litšoelesa tsa parathyroid li thusa ho laola ts'ebeliso ea khalsiamo le ho tlosoa ke 'mele. Ba etsa sena ka ho hlahisa hormone ea parathyroid (PTH). PTH e thusa ho laola maemo a calcium, phosphorus, le vithamine D maling 'me e bohlokoa bakeng sa masapo a phetseng hantle.

Parathyroid hyperplasia e ka hlaha ho batho ba se nang nalane ea malapa ea lefu lena, kapa e le karolo ea li-syndromes tse tharo tse futsitsoeng:

• Mefuta e mengata ea endocrine neoplasia I (MEN I)
• BANNA IIA
• Isolated lelapa la hyperparathyroidism

Ho batho ba nang le lefu le futsitsoeng, mofuta o fetotsoeng (o fetotsoeng) o fetisoa ka lelapa. O hloka feela ho fumana liphatsa tsa lefutso ho motsoali a le mong ho ntlafatsa boemo.

• Ho MEN I, mathata a litšoelesa tsa parathyroid a ba teng, hammoho le lihlahala tsa tšoelesa ea pituitary le manyeme.
• Ho MEN IIA, ho sebetsa ho fetelletseng ha litšoelesa tsa parathyroid ho etsahala, hammoho le lihlahala tsa tšoelesa ea qoqotho kapa ea qoqotho.

Parathyroid hyperplasia eo e seng karolo ea lefu le futsitsoeng e atile haholo. E hlaha ka lebaka la maemo a mang a bongaka. Maemo a atileng haholo a ka bakang parathyroid hyperplasia ke lefu le sa foleng la liphio le khaello ea vithamine D e sa foleng. Maemong ana ka bobeli, litšoelesa tsa parathyroid lia hola hobane vithamine D le calcium li tlase haholo.

Matšoao a ka kenyelletsa:

• Ho robeha ha masapo kapa bohloko ba masapo
• Ho sokela
• Ho hloka matla
• Bohloko ba mesifa
• Ho nyekeloa

Ho tla etsoa liteko tsa mali ho lekola maemo a:

• K'halsiamo
• Phosphorus
• Magnesiamo
• PTH
• Vithamine D.
• Mosebetsi oa liphio (Creatinine, BUN)

Ho ka etsoa teko ea moroto oa lihora tse 24 ho fumana hore na ke khalsiamo e kae e ntšitsoeng 'meleng le morong.

Bone x-ray le tlhahlobo ea masapo (DXA) e ka thusa ho lemoha ho robeha ha masapo le ho nolofatsa ha masapo. Lisebelisoa tsa Ultrasound le CT li ka etsoa ho bona litšoelesa tsa parathyroid tse molaleng.

Haeba parathyroid hyperplasia e bakoa ke lefu la liphio kapa boemo bo tlase ba vithamine D mme e fumanoa kapele, mofani oa hau a ka khothaletsa hore o noe vithamine D, lithethefatsi tse kang vithamine D le meriana e meng.

Hangata ho buuoa ho etsoa ha litšoelesa tsa parathyroid li hlahisa PTH e ngata haholo 'me li baka matšoao. Hangata litšoelesa tse 3 1/2 lia tlosoa. Lisele tse setseng li kanna tsa kenngwa ka pele kapa mesifa ea molala. Sena se lumella phihlello e bonolo ea lisele haeba matšoao a khutla. Lisele tsena li kentsoe ho thibela 'mele ho ba le PTH e nyane haholo, e ka lebisang maemong a tlase a calcium (ho tloha hypoparathyroidism).

Kamora ho buuoa, boemo bo phahameng ba calcium bo ka phehella kapa ba khutla. Ho buoa ka linako tse ling ho ka baka hypoparathyroidism, e etsang hore khalsiamo ea mali e be tlase haholo.

Parathyroid hyperplasia e ka baka hyperparathyroidism, e lebisang keketseho ea boemo ba khalsiamo ea mali.

Mathata a kenyelletsa khalsiamo e eketsehileng liphio, e ka bakang majoe a liphio, le osteitis fibrosa cystica (sebaka se nolofalitsoeng, se fokolang masapong).

Ka linako tse ling ho buuoa ho ka senya methapo e laolang methapo ea lentsoe. Sena se ka ama matla a lentsoe la hau.

Mathata a ka hlaha ho tsoa lihlahala tse ling tseo e leng karolo ea li-syndromes tsa MEN.

Bitsa mofani oa hau haeba:

• U na le matšoao a hypercalcemia
• U na le nalane ea lelapa ea lefu la MEN

Haeba u na le nalane ea lelapa ea li-syndromes tsa MEN, u kanna ua batla ho hlahlojoa ka liphatsa tsa lefutso ho lekola lefutso le sa sebetseng. Ba nang le liphatsa tsa lefutso tse sa sebetseng hantle ba ka ba le liteko tsa ho li hlahloba khafetsa ho bona matšoao afe kapa afe a pele.

Litšoelesa tse atolositsoeng tsa parathyroid; Lefu la masapo - parathyroid hyperplasia; Ho fokotsa masapo - parathyroid hyperplasia; Osteopenia - parathyroid hyperplasia; Boemo bo phahameng ba calcium - parathyroid hyperplasia; Lefu le sa foleng la liphio - parathyroid hyperplasia; Ho hloleha ha liphio - hyperplasia ea parathyroid; Ho fetelletsa lintho parathyroid - parathyroid hyperplasia

• Litšoelesa tsa endocrine
• Litšoelesa tsa Parathyroid

Reid LM, Kamani D, Randolph GW. Tsamaiso ea mathata a parathyroid. Ka: Flint PW, Francis HW, Haughey BH, et al, eds. Cummings Otolaryngology: Ho Buuoa Hlooho le Nko. La 7th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: khaolo ea 123.

Thakker RV. Litšoelesa tsa parathyroid, hypercalcemia le hypocalcemia. Ka: Goldman L, Schafer AI, li-eds. Phekolo ea Goldman-Cecil. La 26th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: khaolo ea 232.