Ho se sebetse ha Basal ganglia

Ho se sebetse ha Basal ganglia ke bothata ba likarolo tse tebileng tsa boko tse thusang ho qala le ho laola motsamao.

Maemo a bakang kotsi bokong a ka senya basal ganglia. Maemo a joalo a kenyelletsa:

• Chefo ea carbon monoxide
• Ho sebelisa lithethefatsi hampe
• Kotsi ea hlooho
• Tšoaetso
• Lefu la sebete
• Mathata a metabolism
• Multiple sclerosis (MS)
• Ho chefo ka koporo, manganese, kapa lisebelisoa tse ling tse boima
• Leqeba
• Lihlahala

Lebaka le tloaelehileng la liphetho tsena ke ts'ebeliso e sa foleng ea meriana e sebelisetsoang ho phekola schizophrenia.

Mathata a mangata a boko a amahanngoa le ho se sebetse ha basal ganglia. Li kenyeletsa:

• Dystonia (mathata a molumo oa mesifa)
• Lefu la Huntington (boloetse boo lisele tsa methapo likarolong tse ling tsa boko li senyehang, kapa ho senyeha)
• Multiple system system atrophy (lefu le atileng la tsamaiso ea methapo)
• Lefu la Parkinson
• Progressive supranuclear palsy (bothata ba ho sisinyeha ho tloha tšenyo ea lisele tse itseng tsa methapo bokong)
• Lefu la Wilson (boloetse bo bakang koporo e ngata haholo 'meleng oa' mele)

Tšenyo ea lisele tsa basal ganglia e ka baka mathata a ho laola puo, motsamao le boemo ba 'mele. Motsoako ona oa matšoao o bitsoa parkinsonism.

Motho ea nang le ts'oaetso ea "basal ganglia" a ka ba le bothata ba ho qala, ho emisa kapa ho tsitsisa motsamao. Ho ipapisitse le sebaka sa boko se amehileng, ho kanna ha ba le mathata a memori le lits'ebetso tse ling tsa mohopolo.

Ka kakaretso, matšoao a fapana mme a ka kenyelletsa:

• Liphetoho tsa motsamao, joalo ka motsamao oa boithatelo kapa o liehang
• Ho eketsa molumo oa mesifa
• Mesifa ea mesifa le ho satalla ha mesifa
• Mathata ho fumana mantsoe
• Ho thothomela
• Tsamaiso e sa laoleheng, e phetoang, puo, kapa lillo (tics)
• Ho thatafalloa ke ho tsamaea

Mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo o tla etsa tlhahlobo ea 'mele mme a botse ka matšoao le nalane ea bongaka.

Ho ka hlokahala liteko tsa mali le litšoantšo. Tsena li ka kenyelletsa:

• CT le MRI ea hlooho
• Ho etsa liteko tsa lefutso
• Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) ho sheba methapo ea mali molaleng le bokong
• Positron emission tomography (PET) ho sheba metabolism ea boko
• Liteko tsa mali ho lekola tsoekere maling, tšebetso ea qoqotho, ts'ebetso ea sebete, le maemo a tšepe le koporo

Kalafo e ipapisitse le sesosa sa lefu lena.

Hore na motho o sebetsa hantle hakae ho latela sesosa sa ho se sebetse hantle. Lisosa tse ling lia fetoha, ha tse ling li hloka kalafo ea bophelo bohle.

Letsetsa mofani oa thepa ea hau haeba u na le motsamao o sa tloaelehang kapa o sa ikhetheleng, o oela ntle le lebaka le tsejoang, kapa haeba uena kapa ba bang u hlokomela hore u tsitsipane kapa u liehile.

Lefu la Extrapyramidal; Li-antipsychotic - extrapyramidal

Lefu la Jankovic J. Parkinson le mathata a mang a motsamao. Ka: Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, bahlophisi. Neurology ea Bradley ho Tloaelo ea Bongaka. La 7th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: khaolo ea 96.

Okun MS, Lang AE. Mathata a mang a motsamao. Ka: Goldman L, Schafer AI, li-eds. Phekolo ea Goldman-Cecil. La 26th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: khaolo ea 382.

Vestal E, Rusher A, Ikeda K, Melnick M. Mathata a basal nuclei. Ka: Lazaro RT, Reina-Guerra SG, Quiben MU, bahlophisi. Rebolela ho Ntlafatsa Neurological ea Umphred. La 7th. St Louis, MO: Elsevier; 2020: khaolo ea 18.