Esophageal atresia

Esophageal atresia ke bothata ba ho sila lijo moo 'metso o sa hōleng hantle. 'Metso ke tube eo ka tloaelo e tsamaisang lijo ho tloha molomong ho ea ka mpeng.

Esophageal atresia (EA) ke bofokoli ba tlhaho. Sena se bolela hore se etsahala pele ho tsoalo. Hona le mefuta e mengata. Maemong a mangata, 'metso o kaholimo oa fela' me ha o amane le 'metso le mpa.

Boholo ba masea a nang le EA a na le sekoli se seng se bitsoang tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF). Hona ke khokahano e sa tloaelehang lipakeng tsa 'metso le phehlo (trachea).

Ho phaella moo, masea a nang le EA / TEF hangata a na le tracheomalacia. Hona ke bofokoli le ho fofa ha mabota a lephaka, a ka etsang hore ho phefumoloha ho utloahala ho le holimo kapa ho lerata.

Bana ba bang ba nang le EA / TEF ba na le liphoso tse ling hape, hangata e le liphoso tsa pelo.

Matšoao a EA a ka kenyelletsa:

• Mmala o moputsoa ho letlalo (cyanosis) ka ho leka ho fepa
• Ho khohlela, ho koenya le ho bipetsana ka ho leka ho fepa
• Ho rotha ka metsi
• Ho fepa hampe

Pele a hlaha, ultrasound ea 'mè e ka bontša amniotic fluid e ngata haholo. Sena e ka ba sesupo sa EA kapa thibelo e 'ngoe ea tšilo ea lijo ea ngoana.

Boloetse bona hangata bo fumanoa nakoana kamora ho hlaha ha lesea le leka ho fepa le ho khohlela, ho khama le ho ba putsoa. Haeba ho belaelloa hore EA, mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo o tla leka ho fetisa tube e nyane ea ho fepa ka molomo kapa nko ea lesea ka mpeng. Haeba phaephe ea phepo e sa khone ho fetela ka mpeng, lesea le kanna la fumanoa le na le EA.

Joale x-ray e tla etsoa 'me e tla bontša tse ling tsa tse latelang:

• Mokotla o tletseng moea ka har'a setopo.
• Moea ka mpeng le mala.
• Phala ea ho fepa e tla hlaha e koahetsoe ka mpeng e kaholimo haeba e kentsoe pele ho x-ray.

EA ke tšohanyetso ea ho buuoa. Ho etsa opereishene ea ho lokisa 'metso ho etsoa kapele kamoo ho ka khonehang kamora ho hlaha e le hore matšoafo a se ke a senyeha le ho fepa lesea.

Pele a etsoa opereishene, lesea ha le feptjoe ka molomo 'me le tla hloka phepo e nepahetseng (IV). Ho hlokomeloa ho thibela ho tsamaea ha liphiri tse phefumolohang matšoafong.

Ho hlahlojoa kapele ho fana ka monyetla o motle oa sephetho se setle.

Lesea le ka hema mathe le maro a mang ka matšoafong, la baka takatso ea matšoafo, la bipetsa, mohlomong la ba la shoa.

Mathata a mang a ka kenyelletsa:

• Mathata a ho fepa
• Reflux (ho hlahisa lijo khafetsa ka mpeng) kamora ho buuoa
• Ho fokotsa (ho tiisa) ha 'metso ka lebaka la ho senyeha ha ho buuoa

Pele ho nako ho ka thatafatsa boemo. Joalokaha ho boletsoe kaholimo, ho kanna ha ba le liphoso libakeng tse ling tsa 'mele.

Boloetse bona hangata bo fumanoa nakoana kamora ho hlaha.

Bitsa mofani oa lesea la hau hang-hang haeba ngoana a hlatsa khafetsa kamora ho fepa, kapa haeba ngoana a ba le mathata a ho hema.

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Rothenberg SS. Esophageal atresia le tracheoesophageal fistula malformations. Ka: Holcomb GW, Murphy JP, Mohalaleli Peter SD, eds. Phekolo ea bana ea Holcomb le Ashcraft. La 7th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2020: khaolo ea 27.

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