Neuropathy e latelang lithethefatsi

Neuropathy ke kotsi ho methapo ea kutlo. Tsena ke methapo e seng bokong kapa mokokotlong. Phekolo ea methapo ea meriana e latelang lithethefatsi ke ho lahleheloa ke maikutlo kapa ho sisinyeha karolong e 'ngoe ea' mele ka lebaka la tšenyo ea methapo ea meriana e itseng kapa motsoako oa meriana.

Tšenyo e bakoa ke phello e chefo ea meriana e meng methapong ea pherekano. Ho ka ba le tšenyo ea karolo ea axon ea sele ea methapo, e sitisang matšoao a methapo. Kapa, ​​tšenyo e kanna ea kenyelletsa myelin sheath, e sirelletsang li-axon le ho eketsa lebelo la phetisetso ea matšoao ka axon.

Hangata, methapo e mengata ea ameha (polyneuropathy). Hangata hona ho baka liphetoho tsa maikutlo tse qalang likarolong tse kantle tsa 'mele (distal) ebe li ea bohareng ba' mele (proximal). Ho kanna ha ba le liphetoho mokhatlong, joalo ka bofokoli. Ho kanna ha ba le bohloko bo tukang.

Meriana le lintho tse ngata li ka lebisa ho nts'etsopele ea lefu la kelello. Mehlala e thathamisitsoe ka tlase.

Lithethefatsi tsa pelo kapa khatello ea mali:

• Amiodarone
• Hydralazine
• Perhexiline

Lithethefatsi tse sebelisetsoang ho loants'a mofetše:

• Cisplatin
• Tlotliso
• Mokhathala
• Hlakola
• Vincristine

Lithethefatsi tse sebelisetsoang ho loants'a mafu

• Chloroquine
• Dapsone
• Isoniazid (INH), e sebelisoang khahlanong le lefuba
• Metronidazole (Flagyl)
• Nitrofurantoin
• Thalidomide (e neng e sebelisoa ho loantša lepera)

Lithethefatsi tse sebelisetsoang ho phekola lefu le itšireletsang mafung:

• Etanercept (Enbrel)
• Infliximab (Khopotso)
• Leflunomide (Arava)

Lithethefatsi tse sebelisetsoang ho alafa sethoathoa:

• Carbamazepine
• Phenytoin
• Phenobarbital

Lithethefatsi tse khahlanong le joala:

• Disulfiram

Lithethefatsi ho loants'a HIV / AIDS:

• Didanosine (Videx)
• Emtricitabine (Emtriva)
  
• Stavudine (Zerit)
• Tenofovir le emtricitabine (Truvada)

Lithethefatsi tse ling le lintho tse ka bakang lefu la methapo li kenyelletsa:

• Colchicine (e sebelisetsoang ho phekola gout)
• Disulfiram (e sebelisetsoang ho phekola tšebeliso ea joala)
• Arsenic
• Khauta

Matšoao a ka kenyelletsa efe kapa efe ea tse latelang:

• Boqhetseke, tahlehelo ea maikutlo
• Ho lla, maikutlo a sa tloaelehang
• Bofokoli
• Ho chesa bohloko

Liphetoho tsa maikutlo hangata li qala maotong kapa matsohong ebe li kenella hare.

Ho tla etsoa tlhahlobo ea tsamaiso ea boko le methapo.

Liteko tse ling li kenyelletsa:

• Liteko tsa mali ho lekola meriana (esita le maemo a tloaelehileng a mali a lithethefatsi tse ling a ka ba chefo ho batho ba baholo kapa ho batho ba bang)
• EMG (electromyography) le teko ea ho tsamaisa methapo ea ts'ebetso ea motlakase ea methapo le mesifa

Kalafo e ipapisitse le matšoao le hore na a matla hakae. Lithethefatsi tse bakang lefu la methapo li ka emisoa, tsa fokotsoa ka tekanyo, kapa tsa fetoloa sethethefatsi se seng. (Le ka mohla u se ke ua fetola setlhare leha e le sefe pele u bua le mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo.)

Mofani oa hau a ka fana ka maikutlo a lithethefatsi tse latelang ho thusa ho laola bohloko:

• Ho kokobetsa bohloko ho feta tekanyetso ho ka thusa bakeng sa bohloko bo bohloko (neuralgia).
• Phenytoin, carbamazepine, gabapentin, pregabalin, duloxetine, kapa tricyclic antidepressants joalo ka nortriptyline e ka fokotsa bohloko ba ho hlaba boo batho ba bang ba bo utloang.
• Li-opiate bohloko tse kokobetsang bohloko, tse kang morphine kapa fentanyl, li ka hlokahala ho laola bohloko bo boholo.

Hajoale ha ho na meriana e ka khutlisetsang tahlehelo ea maikutlo. Haeba u lahlehetsoe ke maikutlo, u kanna ua hloka ho nka mehato ea polokeho ho qoba kotsi.

Botsa mofani oa hau haeba ho na le boikoetliso bo ka thusang ho imolla matšoao a hau.

Batho ba bangata ba ka khutlela mesebetsing ea bona e tloaelehileng ka mokhoa o sa fellang kapa ka botlalo. Hangata lefu lena ha le bake mathata a sokelang bophelo, empa le ka ba le sa phutholoheng kapa la holofatsa.

Mathata a ka kenyelletsa:

• Ho se khone ho sebetsa mosebetsing kapa lapeng ka lebaka la tahlehelo e sa feleng ea maikutlo
• Bohloko bo nang le ho hlohlona sebakeng sa kotsi ea methapo
• Ho lahleheloa ke maikutlo ka ho sa feleng (kapa ka seoelo, motsamao) sebakeng

Bitsa mofani oa hau haeba u lahleheloa ke maikutlo kapa ho sisinyeha ha sebaka sefe kapa sefe sa 'mele ha u ntse u noa moriana.

Mofani oa hau o tla lekola kalafo ea hau haufi le sethethefatsi sefe kapa sefe se ka bakang lefu la methapo. Morero ke ho boloka boemo bo nepahetseng ba mali a moriana o hlokahalang ho laola lefu lena le matšoao a lona ha o ntse o thibela sethethefatsi hore se se ke sa fihla maemong a chefo.

• Sisteme ea methapo e bohareng le methapo ea methapo

Jones MR, Urits I, Wolf J, le al. Phekolo ea methapo ea kutlo e bakoang ke lithethefatsi, tlhahlobo ea nalane. Curr Clin Pharmacol. Pherekhong 2019. PMID: 30666914 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30666914.

Katirji B. Mathata a methapo ea kutlo. Ka: Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, bahlophisi. Neurology ea Bradley ho Tloaelo ea Bongaka. La 7th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: khaolo ea 107.

O'Connor KDJ, Mastaglia FL. Mathata a bakoang ke lithethefatsi a tsamaiso ea methapo. Ho: Aminoff MJ, Josephson SA, bahlophisi. Neurology ea Aminoff le Bongaka bo Akaretsang. La 5th. Waltham, MA: Khatiso ea Litaba tsa Elsevier; 2014: khaolo ea 32.