Meningitis - cryptococcal

Cryptococcal meningitis ke tšoaetso ea fungal ea lisele tse koahelang boko le lesapo la mokokotlo. Lisele tsena li bitsoa meninges.

Maemong a mangata, cryptococcal meningitis e bakoa ke fungus Cryptococcus neoformans. Fungus ena e fumanoa mobung lefatšeng ka bophara. Cryptococcus gattii e ka baka le meningitis, empa foromo ena e ka baka mafu le ho bakuli ba nang le boits'ireletso ba mmele bo tloaelehileng.

Mofuta ona oa meningitis ha o hasane ho tloha ho motho e mong ho ea ho o mong. Hangata, e hasana ka mali ho ea bokong ho tloha sebakeng se seng 'meleng se nang le ts'oaetso.

Li-neoformans tsa Cryptococcus meningitis hangata e ama batho ba nang le boits'ireletso ba mmele bo fokolang, ho kenyeletsoa le batho ba nang le:

• AIDS
• Cirrhosis (mofuta oa lefu la sebete)
• Lefu la tsoekere
• Lefuemia
• Lymphoma
• Sarcoidosis
• Ho kenya setho sa setho

Lefu lena ha le fumanehe hangata ho batho ba nang le boits'ireletso ba mmele bo tloaelehileng ebile ha ba na mathata a nako e telele a bophelo bo botle.

Mofuta ona oa meningitis o qala butle, ho feta matsatsi a 'maloa ho isa ho libeke tse' maloa. Matšoao a ka kenyelletsa:

• Feberu
• Litlelase
• Ho opeloa ke hlooho
• Phetoho ea boemo ba kelello (pherekano)
• Ho nyekeloa le ho hlatsa
• Ho ba le kutlo ho khanya
• Molala o thata

Mofani oa hao oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo o tla u hlahloba ebe o botsa matšoao a hau.

Pente ea lumbar (pompo ea mokokotlo) e sebelisetsoa ho fumana meningitis. Tekong ena, sampole ea mokelikeli oa cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) e tlosoa mokokotlong oa hau mme ea lekoa.

Liteko tse ling tse ka etsoang li kenyelletsa:

• Tloaelo ea mali
• X-ray sefubeng
• Antigen ea Cryptococcal ho CSF ​​kapa mali, ho batla lithibela-mafu
• Tlhahlobo ea CSF bakeng sa palo ea lisele, tsoekere le protheine
• Tlhatlhobo ea hlooho ea CT
• Letheba la Gram, litšila tse ling tse ikhethang, le setso sa CSF

Meriana e thibelang mafu e sebelisoa ho alafa mofuta ona oa meningitis. Phekolo ea methapo (IV, ka methapo) e nang le amphotericin B ke kalafo e atileng haholo. Hangata e kopantsoe le moriana oa molomo o thibelang mafu o bitsoang 5-flucytosine.

Sethethefatsi se seng sa molomo, fluconazole, ka tekanyetso e phahameng le eona e ka sebetsa. Haeba ho hlokahala, e tla laeloa hamorao thupelong ea mafu.

Batho ba hlaphoheloang ke cryptococcal meningitis ba hloka meriana ea nako e telele ho thibela tšoaetso ho khutla. Batho ba nang le boits'ireletso ba mmele bo fokolang joalo ka ba nang le HIV / AIDS le bona ba tla hloka kalafo ea nako e telele ho ntlafatsa sesole sa bona sa 'mele.

Mathata ana a ka hlaha ho tsoa tšoaetsong ena:

• Tšenyo ea boko
• Ho utloa kapa ho lahleheloa ke pono
• Hydrocephalus (CSF e feteletseng bokong)
• Ho oa
• Lefu

Amphotericin B e ka ba le litla-morao tse kang:

• Ho nyekeloa le ho hlatsa
• Feberu le ho bata
• Mahlaba a kopaneng le a mesifa
• Tšenyo ea liphio

Letsetsa nomoro ea hau ea tšohanyetso ea lehae (joalo ka 911) haeba u ba le matšoao a tebileng a boletsoeng kaholimo. Meningitis e ka fetoha lefu le sokelang bophelo kapele.

Bitsa nomoro ea hau ea tšohanyetso ea lehae kapa u ee kamoreng ea maemo a tšohanyetso haeba u belaella meningitis ho ngoana e monyane ea nang le matšoao ana:

• Mathata a ho fepa
• Mohoo o phahameng
• Ho teneha
• Phefo e phehellang, e sa hlaloseheng

Meningitis ea Cryptococcal

• Sisteme ea methapo e bohareng le methapo ea methapo

Litsi tsa Taolo le Thibelo ea Maloetse. Fungal meningitis. www.cdc.gov/meningitis/fungal.html. E ntlafalitsoe ka Phato 06, 2019. E fihlile ka la 18 Hlakola 2021.

Kauffman CA, Chen S. Cryptococcosis. Ka: Goldman L, Schafer AI, li-eds. Phekolo ea Goldman-Cecil. La 26th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: khaolo ea 317.

JR e phethahetseng. Cryptococcosis (Li-neoformans tsa Cryptococcus le Cryptococcus gattii). Ka: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, bahlophisi. Mandell, Douglas, le Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. La 9th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: khaolo ea 262.