Sengoli: William Ramirez
Letsatsi La Creation: 23 September 2021
Ntlafatsa Letsatsi: 17 December 2024
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Acute Epiglottitis - signs and symptoms, causes, pathophysiology, treatment
Video: Acute Epiglottitis - signs and symptoms, causes, pathophysiology, treatment

Epiglottitis ke ho ruruha ha li-epiglottis. Ena ke lisele tse koahelang trachea (sepakapaka). Epiglottitis e ka ba lefu le sokelang bophelo.

Epiglottis ke lisele tse thata, empa tse tenyetsehang (tse bitsoang lefufuru) ka morao ho leleme. E koala sekhahla sa hau sa moea (trachea) ha u koenya hore lijo li se ke tsa kena tseleng ea hau ea moea. Sena se thusa ho thibela ho khohlela kapa ho khangoa kamora ho koenya.

Ho bana, epiglottitis hangata e bakoa ke baktheria Haemophilus influenzae (H ntaramane) mofuta B. Ho batho ba baholo, hangata ho bakoa ke libaktheria tse ling tse joalo ka Strepcoccus pneumoniae, kapa livaerase tse kang herpes simplex virus le varicella-zoster.

Epiglottitis ha e sa tloaeleha haholo hobane vaksine ea mofuta oa H influenzae B (Hib) e fuoa bana bohle khafetsa. Lefu lena le kile la bonoa hangata ho bana ba lilemo li 2 ho isa ho tse 6. Maemong a sa tloaelehang, epiglottitis e ka hlaha ho batho ba baholo.

Epiglottitis e qala ka feberu e matla le 'metso. Matšoao a mang a kenyeletsa:


  • Ho phefumoloha ho sa tloaelehang (stridor)
  • Feberu
  • 'Mala o moputsoa (cyanosis)
  • Ho rotha ka metsi
  • Ho phefumoloha ho thata (motho a ka hloka ho lula a otlolohile mme a its'etleha hanyane pele ho hema)
  • Ho thata ho koenya
  • Liphetoho tsa lentsoe (hoarseness)

Lifofane li ka koaloa ka botlalo, tse ka lebisang ho ts'oaroeng ha pelo le lefu.

Epiglottitis e ka ba ts'ohanyetso ea bongaka. Batla thuso ea bongaka hang-hang. Se ke oa sebelisa letho ho hatella leleme ho leka ho sheba 'metso hae. Ho etsa joalo ho ka mpefatsa boemo.

Mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo a ka hlahloba lebokose la lentsoe (larynx) a sebelisa seipone se senyane se ts'oaretsoeng ka morao ho 'metso. Kapa ho ka sebelisoa tube ea ho shebella e bitsoang laryngoscope. Tlhahlobo ena e etsoa hantle ka kamoreng ea ts'ebetso kapa sebakeng se ts'oanang moo mathata a ho phefumoloha ka tšohanyetso a ka sebetsoang habonolo.

Liteko tse ka etsoang li kenyelletsa:

  • Tloaelo ea mali kapa setso sa 'metso
  • Palo e felletseng ea mali (CBC)
  • Molala x-ray

Ho hlokahala hore motho a lule sepetlele, hangata setsing sa tlhokomelo e matla (ICU).


Kalafo e kenyelletsa mekhoa ea ho thusa motho ho hema, ho kenyelletsa:

  • Ho hema tube (intubation)
  • Moea o futhumetseng (humidified)

Mefuta e meng ea kalafo e ka kenyelletsa:

  • Lithibela-mafu ho phekola tšoaetso
  • Meriana e thibelang ho ruruha, e bitsoang corticosteroids, ho fokotsa ho ruruha hoa 'metso
  • Maro a fanoang ka mothapong (ka IV)

Epiglottitis e ka ba ts'ohanyetso e sokelang bophelo. Ka kalafo e nepahetseng, hangata sephetho se setle.

Ho thatafalloa ke ho hema ke letšoao la morao, empa la bohlokoa. Spasm e ka baka hore moea o koalehe ka tšohanyetso. Kapa, ​​lifofane li ka koaloa ka botlalo. Le leng la maemo ana le ka baka lefu.

Vaksine ea Hib e sireletsa bana ba bangata ho tsoa epiglottitis.

Libaktheria tse tloaelehileng haholo (H ntaramane mofuta b) e bakang epiglottitis e ata habonolo. Haeba motho e mong ka lapeng la hau a kula ka lebaka la baktheria ena, litho tse ling tsa lelapa li hloka ho hlahlojoa le ho phekoloa.

Supraglottitis

  • Anatomy ea 'metso
  • 'Mele oa Haemophilus influenzae

Moahloli JL, Weinberg GA. Epiglottitis. Ka: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, bahlophisi. Mandell, Douglas, le Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. La 9th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: khaolo ea 63.


Rodrigues KK, Roosevelt GE. Tšitiso e matla ea sefofane e holimo (croup, epiglottitis, laryngitis, le tracheitis ea baktheria). Ka: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, bahlophisi. Buka ea Nelson ea Pediatrics. La 21 Ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: khaolo ea 412.

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