Likokoana-hloko tse tsamaeang le mali

Pathogen ke ntho e bakang mafu. Likokoana-hloko tse ka bang teng ka nako e telele maling a batho le maloetse bathong li bitsoa likokoana-hloko tse tsamaeang le mali.

Likokoana-hloko tse tloaelehileng ka ho fetisisa le tse kotsi li hasana ka mali sepetlele ke:

• Lefu la Hepatitis B (HBV) le kokoana-hloko ea hepatitis C (HCV). Likokoana-hloko tsena li baka tšoaetso le tšenyo ea sebete.
• HIV (kokoana-hloko ea motho ea ho itšireletsa mafung). Lefu lena le baka HIV / AIDS.

U ka tšoaetsoa HBV, HCV, kapa HIV haeba u khomaretsoe ke nale kapa ntho e 'ngoe e bohale e amileng mali kapa maro a' mele a motho ea nang le e 'ngoe ea mafu ana.

Ts'oaetso ena e ka boela ea ata haeba mali a nang le tšoaetso kapa maro a 'mele a nang le mali a ama lera la sefuba kapa seso se bulehileng kapa se sehiloe. Lera la ka morao ke likarolo tse mongobo tsa 'mele oa hau, joalo ka mahlo, nko le molomo.

HIV e ka hasana ho tloha mothong e mong ho ea ho e mong ka mokelikeli manonyellong a hao kapa mokelikeling oa mokokotlo. 'Me e ka hasana ka peo ea botona, maro a tsoang ka botšehaling, lebese la' m'a le amniotic fluid (mokelikeli o teetseng lesea le ka popelong) ka thōko.

SEBETE

• Matšoao a lefu la hepatitis B le hepatitis C a ka ba bobebe, 'me a se ke a qala ho fihlela libeke tse 2 ho isa ho likhoeli tse 6 kamora ho kopana le vaerase. Ka linako tse ling, ha ho na matšoao.
• Hepatitis B hangata e ntlafala ka bo eona 'me ka linako tse ling ha e hloke ho phekoloa. Batho ba bang ba ba le tšoaetso ea nako e telele e lebisang ho senyeheng ha sebete.
• Batho ba bangata ba tšoaelitsoeng ke lefu la hepatitis C ba ba le tšoaetso ea nako e telele. Kamora lilemo tse ngata, hangata ba na le tšenyo ea sebete.

HIV

Kamora hore motho a tšoaetsoe HIV, vaerase e lula 'meleng. E senya kapa ea senya sesole sa 'mele butle-butle. Masole a mmele wa hao a lwantsha malwetse mme a o thusa ho fola. Ha e fokolisoa ke HIV, ho ka etsahala hore o kule ka mafu a mang, ho kenyeletsoa le ao ka tloaelo a neng a ke ke a u kulisa.

Kalafo e ka thusa batho ba nang le mafu ana kaofela.

Hepatitis B e ka thibeloa ka vaksine. Ha ho na vaksine e thibelang hepatitis C kapa HIV.

Haeba u khomaretsoe ke nale, kenya mali ka leihlong la hao, kapa u pepesehetse likokoana-hloko leha e le life tse tsamaisoang ke mali:

• Hlatsoa sebaka. Sebelisa sesepa le metsi letlalong la hao. Haeba leihlo la hau le pepesitsoe, nosetsa ka metsi a hloekileng, letsoai, kapa nosetso e nyopa.
• Bolella mookameli oa hau hang-hang hore u pepesitsoe.
• Fumana thuso ea bongaka hang-hang.

O kanna oa hloka kapa oa se hloke liteko tsa lab, ente, kapa meriana.

Mehato ea ho itšehla thajana e baka litšitiso lipakeng tsa batho le likokoana-hloko. Li thusa ho thibela ho ata ha likokoana-hloko sepetlele.

Latela mehato e tloaelehileng ea ho itšireletsa le batho bohle.

Ha o le haufi kapa o sebetsana le madi, maro a mmele, dinama tsa mmele, mamina, kapa dikarolo tsa letlalo le bulehileng, o tlameha ho sebedisa disebediswa tsa ho itshireletsa (PPE). Ho ipapisitse le ts'oaetso, o ka hloka:

• Li-gloves
• Mask le likokoanyana
• Apron, moaparo, le likoahelo tsa lieta

Ho bohlokoa hape ho hloekisa hantle kamora moo.

Tšoaetso ea mali

Litsi tsa Taolo le Thibelo ea Maloetse. Mafu a tšoaetsanoang a tšoaetsanoang ka mali: HIV / AIDS, hepatitis B, hepatitis C. www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/bbp. E ntlafalitsoe ka Loetse 6, 2016. E fihlile ka la 22 Mphalane 2019.

Litsi tsa Taolo le Thibelo ea Maloetse. Disinfection le sterilization. www.cdc.gov/infectioncontrol/guidelines/disinfection/index.html. E ntlafalitsoe ka la 24 Mots'eanong, e fihlile ka la 22 Mphalane 2019.

Litsi tsa Taolo le Thibelo ea Maloetse. Litšireletso tsa ho itšehla thajana. www.cdc.gov/infectioncontrol/guidelines/isolation/index.html. E ntlafalitsoe ka Phupu 22, 2019. E fihlile ka la 22 Mphalane 2019.

Weld ED, Shoham S. Epidemiology, thibelo, le taolo ea ts'oaetso ea mosebetsing ho tšoaetso ea mali. Ka: Cameron AM, Cameron JL, bahlophisi. Phekolo ea Hajoale ea Ts'ebetso. 13th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: 1347-1352.

• HIV / AIDS
• Lefu la sebete
• Taolo ea Ts'oaetso