Shigellosis

Shigellosis ke tšoaetso ea baktheria ea lesela la mala. E bakoa ke sehlopha sa libaktheria tse bitsoang shigella.

Ho na le mefuta e fapaneng ea libaktheria tsa shigella, ho kenyelletsa:

• Shigella sonnei, eo hape a bitsoang "sehlopha D" shigella, e ikarabella bakeng sa linyeoe tse ngata tsa shigellosis United States.
• Shigella flexneri, kapa "sehlopha B" shigella, e baka linyeoe tse ling kaofela.
• Shigella ts'oaetso, kapa "sehlopha A" shigella ha e fumanehe hangata United States. Leha ho le joalo, e ka lebisa ho mafu a bolaeang linaheng tse tsoelang pele.

Batho ba tšoaelitsoeng ke baktheria ba e ntšetsa ka setuloaneng sa bona. Li ka jala baktheria metsing kapa lijong, kapa ka kotloloho ho motho e mong. Ho fumana likokoana-hloko tsa shigella hanyane ka hanong ho lekane ho baka ts'oaetso.

Ho qhoma ha shigellosis ho amahanngoa le tsamaiso e mpe ea likhoerekhoere, lijo le metsi a silafetseng le maemo a bophelo a petetsaneng.

Shigellosis e tloaelehile har'a baeti ba linaheng tse tsoelang pele le basebetsi kapa baahi likampong tsa baphaphathehi.

United States, boemo bona bo bonoa hangata litsing tsa tlhokomelo ea bana le libakeng tseo lihlopha tsa batho li lulang ho tsona, joalo ka matlo a maqheku.

Matšoao hangata a hlaha ka matsatsi a 1 ho isa ho a 7 (ka karolelano matsatsi a 3) kamora ho kopana le libaktheria.

Matšoao a kenyelletsa:

• Mahlaba a bohloko (ka tšohanyetso) a ka mpeng kapa ho kgena
• Feberu e matla
• Mali, mamina, kapa pus ka setuloaneng
• Bohloko bo bohloko ba maqhubu
• Ho nyekeloa le ho hlatsa
• Letšollo le metsi le mali

Haeba u na le matšoao a shigellosis, mofani oa hao oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo o tla hlahloba:

• Ho felloa ke metsi (metsi a sa lekaneng 'meleng oa hau) ka lebelo la pelo le khatello e tlase ea mali
• Bonolo ba mpa
• Boemo bo phahameng ba lisele tse tšoeu tsa mali maling
• Moetlo oa setuloana ho lekola lisele tse tšoeu tsa mali

Morero oa kalafo ke ho khutlisa maro le li-electrolyte (letsoai le liminerale) tse lahlehileng ke letshollo.

Meriana e emisang letšollo hangata ha e fanoe hobane e ka baka tšoaetso ho nka nako e teletsana.

Mehato ea ho itlhokomela ho qoba ho felloa ke metsi 'meleng e kenyelletsa ho noa litharollo tsa elektrolyte ho khutlisa maro a lahlehileng ke letshollo. Mefuta e mengata ea tharollo ea elektrolyte e fumaneha ka holim'a k'hamphani (ntle le lengolo la ngaka).

Lithibela-mafu li ka thusa ho khutsufatsa bolelele ba bokuli. Meriana ena e boetse e thusa ho thibela bokuli ho hasana ho ba bang sehlopheng sa bolulo kapa litulong tsa tlhokomelo ea bana. Li kanna tsa fuoa batho ba nang le matšoao a matla.

Haeba u na le lets'ollo 'me u sa khone ho noa maro ka molomo ka lebaka la ho nyekeloa ke pelo haholo, u ka hloka tlhokomelo ea bongaka le maro a kenang methapong (IV). Sena se atile haholo ho bana ba banyenyane ba nang le shigellosis.

Batho ba noang diuretics ("lipilisi tsa metsi") ba kanna ba hloka ho emisa ho noa meriana ena haeba ba na le shigella enteritis e matla. Le ka mohla u se ke ua emisa ho noa moriana u sa bua le mofani oa litšebeletso pele.

Tšoaetso e ka ba bonolo mme ea itsamaela ka boeona. Batho ba bangata, ntle le bana ba haelloang ke phepo e nepahetseng le ba nang le boits'ireletso ba mmele bo fokolang, hangata ba fola ka botlalo.

Mathata a ka kenyelletsa:

• Ho felloa ke metsi 'meleng, matla
• Hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS), mofuta oa ho hloleha ha liphio ka lefu la phokolo ea mali le mathata
• Ho itšireletsa mafung

Hoo e ka bang ngoana a le mong ho ba leshome (ea ka tlase ho lilemo tse 15) ea nang le shigella enteritis e matla o ba le mathata a tsamaiso ea methapo. Tsena li ka kenyelletsa ho ts'oaroa hanyane ka hanyane (hape ho bitsoang "febere e loketseng") ha mocheso oa 'mele o nyoloha kapele mme ngoana a oa. Lefu la boko (encephalopathy) le nang le hlooho, ho tepella, pherekano le molala o thata le lona le ka hlaha.

Bitsa mofani oa hau haeba letšollo le sa ntlafale, haeba ho na le mali ka setuloaneng, kapa haeba ho na le matšoao a ho felloa ke metsi 'meleng.

E-ea kamoreng ea maemo a tšohanyetso haeba matšoao ana a hlaha ho motho ea nang le shigellosis:

• Pherekano
• Ho opeloa ke hlooho ka molala o thata
• Lethargy
• Ho oa

Matšoao ana a atile haholo baneng.

Thibelo e kenyelletsa ho sebetsana ka nepo, ho boloka le ho lokisa lijo le bohloeki. Ho hlapa matsoho ke tsela e atlehang ka ho fetisisa ea ho thibela shigellosis. Qoba lijo le metsi a ka silafalang.

Shigella gastroenteritis; Shigella enteritis; Enteritis - shigella; Gastroenteritis - shigella; Letšollo la baeti - shigellosis

• Tsamaiso ea ho sila lijo
• Lisebelisoa tsa tsamaiso ea lijo
• Baktheria

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Keusch GT, Haholoanyane le AKM. Shigellosis. Ka: Goldman L, Schafer AI, li-eds. Phekolo ea Goldman-Cecil. La 26th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: khaolo ea 293.

Kotloff KL. Gastroenteritis e bohloko ho bana. Ka: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, bahlophisi. Buka ea Nelson ea Pediatrics. La 21 Ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: khaolo ea 366.

Kotloff KL, Riddle MS, Platts-Mills JA, Pavlinac P, Hape AKM. Shigellosis. Lancet. 2018; 391 (10122): 801-812. PMID: 29254859 phatlalatsoa.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29254859/.