Majoe a majoe

Majoe a majoe ke li-deposit tse thata tse hlahang ka har'a gallbladder. Tsena li kanna tsa ba nyane joalo ka thollo ea lehlabathe kapa kholo joalo ka bolo ea kolofo.

Lebaka la li-gallstones le fapana. Ho na le mefuta e 'meli e meholo ea li-gallstones:

• Majoe a entsoe ka cholesterol - Ona ke mofuta o tloaelehileng haholo. Li-gallstones tsa k'holeseterole ha li amane le boemo ba k'holeseterole maling. Maemong a mangata, ha li bonahale ho litlhahlobo tsa CT.
• Majoe a entsoeng ka bilirubin - Tsena li bitsoa 'mala oa' mala. Li etsahala ha lisele tse khubelu tsa mali li senngoa 'me bilirubin e ngata e le ka har'a bile.

Majoe a majoe a atile haholo ho:

• Thobalano ea basali
• Maindia a Amerika le batho ba leloko la Masepanishe
• Batho ba fetang lilemo tse 40
• Batho ba nonneng haholo
• Batho ba nang le nalane ea malapa ea li-gallstones

Lintlha tse latelang li boetse li u fa monyetla oa ho hlahisa li-gallstones:

• Mokokotlo oa masapo kapa ho kenya setho se tiileng
• Lefu la tsoekere
• Ho hloleha ha gallbladder ho ntša bile hantle (sena se ka etsahala nakong ea bokhachane)
• Matšoao a sebete a ho thatafala ha sebete le a biliary (majoe a nang le 'mala)
• Maemo a bongaka a etsang hore lisele tse khubelu tsa mali li senyehe
• Ho theola boima ba 'mele ka potlako ho tsoa lijong tse nang le likhalori tse tlase haholo, kapa kamora ho buuoa ka boima ba' mele
• Ho fumana phepo e nepahetseng ka mothapo ka nako e telele (ho fepa ka methapo)
• Ho noa lipilisi tsa thibelo ea bokhachane

Batho ba bangata ba nang le gallstones ha ba na matšoao. Hangata tsena li fumanoa nakong ea x-ray e tloaelehileng, ho buuoa ka mpeng kapa kalafo e ngoe.

Leha ho le joalo, haeba lejoe le leholo le thibela tube kapa pompo e ntšang gallbladder, o kanna oa ba le bohloko ba ho phatloha bohareng ho ea ka holimo ka mpeng. Sena se tsejoa e le biliary colic. Bohloko boa fela haeba lejoe le feta karolong ea pele ea mala a manyane.

Matšoao a ka hlahang a kenyelletsa:

• Bohloko bo ka mpeng e ka holimo e ka holimo kapa e bohareng kahare bonyane metsotso e 30. Bohloko bo ka ba khafetsa kapa bo sithabetsa. E ka utloa e le bohale kapa e lerootho.
• Feberu.
• Letlalo le mosehla le makhooa a mahlo (jaundice).

Matšoao a mang a kenyeletsa:

• Litulo tsa 'mala oa letsopa
• Ho nyekeloa le ho hlatsa

Liteko tse sebelisetsoang ho fumana li-gallstones kapa ho ruruha ha gallbladder li kenyelletsa:

• Ultrasound, mpa
• CT scan, mpa
• Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)
• Sesebelisoa sa `` gallbladder radionuclide ''
• Endoscopic ultrasound
• Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP)
• Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiogram (PTCA)

Mofani oa hao oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo a ka odara liteko tse latelang tsa mali:

• Bilirubin
• Liteko tsa ts'ebetso ea sebete
• Palo e felletseng ea mali
• Enzyme ea pancreatic

HO SEBETSA

Boholo ba nako, ho buuoa ha ho hlokahale ntle le haeba matšoao a qala. Leha ho le joalo, batho ba rerang ho buuoa ka boima ba 'mele ba ka hloka ho tlosoa li-gallstones pele ba etsoa. Ka kakaretso, batho ba nang le matšoao ba tla hloka ho buuoa hang-hang kapa kapele ka mor'a hore lejoe le fumanoe.

• Mokhoa o bitsoang laparoscopic cholecystectomy o sebelisoa haholo. Ts'ebetso ena e sebelisa ho phunya ho fokolang, ho lumellang ho fola kapele. Hangata mokuli a ka khutlela hae a tsoa sepetlele pele ho letsatsi le le leng a buuoa.
• Nakong e fetileng, cholecystectomy e bulehileng (ho tlosa gallbladder) e ne e atisa ho etsoa. Leha ho le joalo, mokhoa ona ha o sa tloaeleha hona joale.

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) le ts'ebetso e bitsoang sphincterotomy e kanna ea etsoa ho fumana kapa ho phekola li-gallstones ka mokhoeng o tloaelehileng oa bile.

MERIANA

Meriana e ka fanoa ka sebopeho sa pilisi ho qhala li-gallstones tsa cholesterol. Leha ho le joalo, lithethefatsi tsena li ka nka lilemo tse 2 kapa ho feta ho sebetsa, 'me majoe a ka khutla kamora hore kalafo e fele.

Hangata, lik'hemik'hale li fetisetsoa ho gallbladder ka catheter. K'hemik'hale e qhala ka potlako majoe a k'holeseterole. Kalafo ena e thata ho e etsa, ka hona ha e etsoe hangata haholo. Lik'hemik'hale tse sebelisoang li ka ba chefo, 'me li-gallstones li ka khutla.

LITEBOHO LETS'ELA

Shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) ea gallbladder le eona e sebeliselitsoe batho ba sa khoneng ho etsoa opereishene. Kalafo ena ha e sebelisoe khafetsa joaloka nakong e fetileng hobane hangata majoe a linoko a khutla.

U kanna ua hloka ho ja lijo tse metsi kapa ua nka mehato e meng ho fa gallbladder ea hau phomolo kamora hore u phekoloe. Mofani oa hau o tla u fa litaelo ha u tsoa sepetlele.

Monyetla oa matšoao kapa mathata a tsoang ho ts'ebetso ea li-gallstones o tlase. Hoo e ka bang batho bohle ba nang le opereishene ea gallbladder ha ba na matšoao a bona.

Ho koaloa ke li-gallstones ho ka baka ho ruruha kapa tšoaetso ho:

• Gallbladder (cholecystitis)
• Tube e tsamaisang bile ho tloha sebeteng ho ea ho gallbladder le mala (cholangitis)
• Manyeme (pancreatitis)

Bitsa mofani oa hau haeba u na le:

• Bohloko karolong e kaholimo ea mpa ea hau
• Ho soeufala hoa letlalo kapa makhooa a mahlo

Ho batho ba bangata, li-gallstones li ke ke tsa thibeloa. Ho batho ba nonneng, ho qoba ho theola boima ba 'mele ka potlako ho ka thusa ho thibela li-gallstones.

Cholelithiasis; Tlhaselo ea gallbladder; Biliary colic; Tlhaselo ea Gallstone; Calculator ea Biliary: li-gallstones chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA); Asiti ea Ursodeoxycholic (UDCA, ursodiol); Li-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) - li-gallstones

• Ho tlosa gallbladder - laparoscopic - ho tsoa
• Ho tlosoa ha gallbladder - ho bula - ho tsoa
• Majoe a majoe - ho tsoa

• Tsamaiso ea ho sila lijo
• Liphio cyst le gallstones - CT scan
• Majoe a majoe, cholangiogram
• Cholecystolithiasis
• Cholelithiasis
• Sefuba
• Ho tlosoa ha gallbladder - Letoto

Fogel EL, Sherman S. Maloetse a gallbladder le bile ducts. Ka: Goldman L, Schafer AI, li-eds. Phekolo ea Goldman-Cecil. La 25th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: khaolo ea 155.

Jackson PG, Evans SRT. Tsamaiso ea biliary. Ka: Townsend CM Jr, Beauchamp RD, Evers BM, Mattox KL, eds. Buka ea Sabiston ea Ngaka ea ho Buoa. 20th, ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: khaolo ea 54.

Wang D QH, Afdhal NH. Lefu la Gallstone. Ka: Feldman M, Friedman LS, Brandt LJ, bahlophisi. Sleisenger le Fordtran's Mafu a ka Mpeng le a Sebete: Pathophysiology / Diagnosis / Management. 10th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: khaolo ea 65.