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Mothapo oa pulmonary ke thibelo ea mothapo matšoafong. Lebaka le tloaelehileng ka ho fetisisa la thibelo ke mali.

Sefuba sa pulmonary hangata se bakoa ke leqhoa la mali le hlahang mothapong o ka ntle ho matšoafo. Leqhoa le tloaelehileng ka ho fetisisa la mali ke le leng ka har'a methapo e tebileng ea serope kapa ka pelvis (sebaka sa letheka). Mofuta ona oa "clot" o bitsoa "vein thrombosis" e tebileng. Leqhoa la mali lea robeha ebe le ea matšoafong moo le lulang.

Lisosa tse sa tloaelehang li kenyelletsa bubble ea moea, marotholi a mafura, amniotic fluid, kapa li-clump tsa likokoana-hloko kapa lisele tsa hlahala.

U na le monyetla oa ho fumana boemo bona haeba uena kapa ba lelapa la hau le na le nalane ea mali a koetsoeng kapa mathata a itseng a hoama. Sefuba sa pulmonary se ka hlaha:

  • Kamora ho beleha
  • Ka mor'a lefu la pelo, opereishene ea pelo, kapa stroke
  • Kamora likotsi tse mpe, ho cha, kapa ho robeha hoa letheka kapa lesapo la serope
  • Kamora ho buuoa, hangata ho buuoa ka masapo, manonyeletso kapa boko
  • Nakong ea sefofane se selelele kapa kamora ho palama koloi
  • Haeba u na le mofetše
  • Haeba u noa lipilisi tsa thibelo ea bokhachane kapa kalafo ea estrogen
  • Ho phomola betheng nako e telele kapa ho lula sebakeng se le seng nako e telele

Mathata a ka lebisang ho clots ea mali a kenyelletsa:


  • Maloetse a sesole sa 'mele a thatafalletsang mali ho hoama.
  • Mathata a futsitsoeng a etsang hore mali a se ke a hoama. Boloetse bo bong bo joalo ke khaello ea antithrombin III.

Matšoao a mantlha a tšebetso ea pulmonary embolism a kenyelletsa bohloko ba sefuba bo ka bang bong ba a latelang:

  • Tlas'a lesapo la sefuba kapa ka lehlakoreng le leng
  • E bohale kapa e hlabang
  • Ho chesa, ho opa, kapa ho ba lerootho, maikutlo a boima
  • Hangata ho mpefala le ho hema haholo
  • U ka khumama kapa ua tšoara sefuba ho arabela bohloko

Matšoao a mang a kenyeletsa:

  • Ho tsekela, hlooho e botsoa, ​​kapa ho akheha
  • Tekanyo e tlase ea oksijene maling (hypoxemia)
  • Ho hema kapele kapa ho hemesela
  • Ho otla ha pelo kapele
  • Ho ikutloa u tšoenyehile
  • Bohloko ba maoto, bofubelu kapa ho ruruha
  • Khatello ea mali e tlase
  • Ho khohlela ka tšohanyetso, mohlomong ho khohlela mali kapa mamina a nang le mali
  • Phefumoloho e khutšoane e qalang ka tšohanyetso nakong ea boroko kapa boitekong
  • Feberu e tlaase
  • Letlalo la Bluish (cyanosis) - e sa tloaelehang haholo

Mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo o tla etsa tlhahlobo ea 'mele mme a botse ka matšoao a hau le nalane ea bongaka.


Liteko tse latelang tsa labor li ka etsoa ho bona hore na matšoafo a hao a sebetsa hantle hakae:

  • Likhase tsa mali tse ngata
  • Oximetry ea pulse

Liteko tse latelang tsa ho nka litšoantšo li ka thusa ho tseba hore na leqhoa la mali le hokae:

  • X-ray sefubeng
  • CT angiogram ea sefuba
  • Sesebelisoa sa pulmonary ventilation / perfusion scan, eo hape e bitsoang V / Q scan
  • Angiogram ea pulmonary ea CT

Liteko tse ling tse ka etsoang li kenyelletsa:

  • Sekena sa CT
  • Teko ea mali ea D-dimer
  • Tlhahlobo ea Doppler ultrasound ea maoto
  • Echocardiogram
  • ECG

Liteko tsa mali li ka etsoa ho hlahloba hore na u na le menyetla e eketsehileng ea ho koala mali, ho kenyelletsa:

  • Li-antibodies tsa Antiphospholipid
  • Ho etsa liteko tsa lefutso ho batla liphetoho tse tla u fa monyetla oa ho ba le mali a mangata
  • Lupus anticoagulant
  • Protheine C le liprotheine S.

Sefuba sa pulmonary se hloka kalafo hanghang. U kanna ua hloka ho lula sepetlele:

  • O tla fumana meriana e fokotsang madi le ho a etsa hore madi a hao a se ke a hlama haholo.
  • Ha ho e-na le embolism e matla, e sokelang bophelo, kalafo e ka kenyelletsa ho qhala seaparo. Sena se bitsoa thrombolytic therapy. Le tla fumana meriana ea ho qhala lesela leo.

Hore na o hloka ho lula sepetlele kapa che, o kanna oa hloka ho noa meriana lapeng ho fokotsa mali:


  • U ka fuoa lipilisi tseo u lokelang ho li noa kapa ua hloka ho ipha liente.
  • Bakeng sa meriana e meng, o tla hloka liteko tsa mali ho lekola litekanyetso tsa hau.
  • U hloka ho noa meriana ena halelele hakae ho latela sesosa le boholo ba mali a hao.
  • Mofani oa hau o tla bua le uena ka kotsi ea ho tsoa mali ha o noa meriana ena.

Haeba o sa khone ho noa mali, mofani oa hau a ka fana ka maikutlo a ho buuoa ho beha sesebelisoa se bitsoang inferior vena cava filter (IVC filter). Sesebelisoa sena se kenngoa mothapong o moholo ka mpeng ea hau. E boloka maqeba a maholo ho kena methapong ea mali ea matšoafo. Ka linako tse ling, ho ka beoa sefahleho sa nakoana 'me sa tlosoa hamorao.

Ho ka ba thata ho tseba hantle hore na motho o hlaphoheloa hantle hakae maleng a pulmonary. Hangata ho latela:

  • Ke eng se bakileng bothata pele (mohlala, mofetše, ho buuoa ho hoholo, kapa kotsi)
  • Boholo ba mali a koalang matšoafong
  • Haeba lesela la mali le qhala ha nako e ntse e tsamaea

Batho ba bang ba ka ba le mathata a nako e telele a pelo le matšoafo.

Lefu lea khonahala ho batho ba nang le pulmonary embolism e matla.

E-ea kamoreng ea maemo a tšohanyetso kapa u letsetse nomoro ea ts'ohanyetso ea lehae (joalo ka 911), haeba u na le matšoao a embolus ea pulmonary.

Batho ba fokotsang mali ba ka laeloa ho thusa ho thibela DVT ho batho ba kotsing e kholo, kapa ba ntseng ba etsoa opereishene e kotsi.

Haeba u ne u e-na le DVT, mofani oa hau o tla fana ka khatello ea metšoasong. Li apare kamoo u laetsoeng kateng. Li tla ntlafatsa phallo ea mali maotong a hau le ho fokotsa menyetla ea ho ba le mali.

Ho tsamaisa maoto hangata ha u le maetong a malelele ka sefofane, ho nka koloi, le maemo a mang ao u lutseng kapa u robetseng ho ona nako e telele le hona ho ka u thusang ho thibela DVT. Batho ba kotsing e kholo ea mali a ka 'na ba hloka ho thunngoa ha mali a bitsoang heparin ha ba nka sefofane se tšoarellang nako e telele ho feta lihora tse 4.

Se ke oa tsuba. Haeba u tsuba, tlohela. Basali ba ntseng ba sebelisa estrogen ba tlameha ho khaotsa ho tsuba. Ho tsuba ho eketsa menyetla ea ho ba le liphahlo tsa mali.

Venous thromboembolism; Lung la mali; Tšelo ea mali - matšoafo; Embolus; Ho hlahala ha mokokotlo; Embolism - pulmonary; DVT - embolism ea pulmonary; Thrombosis - embolism ea pulmonary; Thromboembolism ea pulmonary; PE

  • Bothata ba methapo ea pelo - ho tsoa
  • Ho nka warfarin (Coumadin, Jantoven) - seo u ka se botsang ngaka ea hau
  • Ho nka warfarin (Coumadin)
  • Matšoafo
  • Tsamaiso ea phefumoloho
  • Mokokotlo oa pulmonary

Khauta ea SZ. Embolism ea pulmonary. Ka: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, eds. Lefu la pelo la Braunwald: Buka ea bongaka ea meriana ea pelo. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: khaolo ea 84.

Kline JA. Embolism ea pulmonary le thrombosis e tebileng ea methapo. Ka: Marako RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, eds. Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Likhopolo le Tloaelo ea Kliniki. La 9th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: khaolo ea 78.

Morris TA, Fedullo PF. Thromboembolism ea pulmonary. Ka: Broaddus VC, Mason RJ, Ernst JD, et al, li-eds. Buka ea Bongaka ea Phefumoloho ea Murray le Nadel. La 6th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: khaolo ea 57.

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