Asbestosis

Asbestosis ke lefu la matšoafo le hlahang ka lebaka la ho hema likhoele tsa asbestos.

Ho phefumoloha ka likhoele tsa asbestos ho ka baka lisele tse bohale (fibrosis) ho theha kahare ho matšoafo. Lisele tse senyehileng tsa matšoafo ha li hōle ebile ha li sebetse hantle.

Hore na lefu le matla hakae ho latela hore na motho o pepeselitsoe asbestos nako e kae le hore na o hemiloe ke eng le mofuta oa likhoele. Hangata, matšoao ha a hlokomeloe lilemo tse 20 kapa ho feta kamora ho pepesetsoa ha asbestos.

Likhoele tsa asbestos li ne li sebelisoa khafetsa mohahong pele ho 1975. Ho pepeseha ha asbestos ho etsahetse merafong ea asbestos le ho sila, ho aheng, ho thibela mollo le liindastering tse ling. Malapa a basebetsi ba asbestos le bona ba ka pepesetsoa likaroloana tse tlisitsoeng hae liphahlo tsa mosebeletsi.

Mafu a mang a amanang le asbestos a kenyelletsa:

• Lipalesa tsa Pleural (calcification)
• Malignant mesothelioma (mofetše oa pleura, lesela la matšoafo), le ka holang lilemo tse 20 ho isa ho tse 40 kamora ho pepeseha.
• Pleural effusion, e leng pokello e tsoang ho matšoafo lilemo tse 'maloa kamora ho pepesetsoa ha asbestos ebile e le kotsi
• Kankere ea matšoafo

Basebetsi kajeno ha ba na monyetla oa ho fumana mafu a amanang le asbestos ka lebaka la melaoana ea mmuso.

Ho tsuba sakerete ho eketsa menyetla ea ho ba le mafu a amanang le asbestos.

Matšoao a ka kenyelletsa efe kapa efe ea tse latelang:

• Bohloko ba sefuba
• Khohlela
• Phefumoloho e khutšoane le ts'ebetso (butle-butle e mpefala ho feta nako)
• Ho tiea sefubeng

Matšoao a mang a ka bang teng a kenyelletsa:

• Ho ts'oarana ha menoana
• Lintho tse sa tloaelehang tsa lipekere

Mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo o tla etsa tlhahlobo ea 'mele mme a botse ka matšoao.

Ha a mametse sefuba ka stethoscope, mofani oa hae a ka utloa melumo e lerata e bitsoang rales.

Liteko tsena li ka thusa ho fumana lefu lena:

• X-ray sefubeng
• CT scan ea matšoafo
• Liteko tsa mosebetsi oa matšoafo

Ha ho na pheko. Ho emisa ho pepesehela asbestos ho bohlokoa. Ho fokotsa matšoao, ho lutla ha metsi le sefubeng ho ka thusa ho tlosa maro matšoafong.

Ngaka e ka fana ka meriana ea aerosol ho maro a mosesaane a matšoafo. Batho ba nang le boemo bona ba ka hloka ho fuoa oksijene ka mask kapa sekhechana sa polasetiki se lumellanang le linko. Batho ba bang ba kanna ba hloka ho kenyetsoa matšoafo.

U ka fokotsa khatello ea maikutlo ea bokuli bona ka ho kenela sehlopha sa ts'ehetso ea matšoafo Ho arolelana le ba bang ba nang le liphihlelo tse tšoanang le mathata ho ka u thusa hore u se ke ua ikutloa u le mong.

Lisebelisoa tsena li ka fana ka tlhaiso-leseling e batsi ka asbestosis:

• Mokhatlo oa Amerika oa Lung - www.lung.org/lung-health-and-diseases/lung-disease-lookup/asbestosis
• Mokhatlo oa Tlhokomeliso ea Mafu a Asbestos - www.asbestosdiseaseawareness.org
• Tsamaiso ea Ts'ireletso le Bophelo ba Mosebetsi United States - www.osha.gov/SLTC/asbestos

Sephetho se ipapisitse le palo ea li-asbestos tseo u li pepeselitsoeng le hore na u pepesitsoe nako e kae.

Batho ba hlahisang mesothelioma e kotsi ba tloaetse ho ba le litlamorao tse mpe.

Bitsa mofani oa hau haeba u belaela hore u pepeselitsoe asbestos mme u na le mathata a ho hema. Ho ba le asbestosis ho u nolofalletsa ho ba le tšoaetso ea matšoafo. Bua le mofani oa hau mabapi le ho fumana liente tsa ntaramane le pneumonia.

Haeba u fumanoe u e-na le asbestosis, letsetsa mofani oa hau hang-hang haeba u ba le sefuba, phefumoloho e fokolang, feberu kapa matšoao a mang a tšoaetso ea matšoafo, haholo-holo haeba u nahana hore u na le feberu. Kaha matšoafo a hao a se a senyehile, ho bohlokoa haholo hore tšoaetso e alafshoe hang-hang. Sena se tla thibela mathata a ho hema hore a se ke a ba matla, hammoho le tšenyo e 'ngoe matšoafong a hau.

Ho batho ba pepesitsoeng ke asbestos ka lilemo tse fetang 10, ho hlahlojoa ka x-ray ea sefuba lilemo tse ling le tse ling tse 3 ho isa ho tse 5 ho ka fumana maloetse a amanang le asbestos kapele. Ho emisa ho tsuba koae ho ka fokotsa haholo kotsi ea mofets'e oa matšoafo o amanang le asbestos.

Pulmonary fibrosis - ho tloha pepeneneng ea asbestos; Interstitial pneumonitis - ho tsoa pepeneneng ea asbestos

• Boloetse ba sefuba - batho ba baholo - ho tsoa

• Tsamaiso ea phefumoloho

Cowie RL, Becklake Monghali. Matšoafo. Ka: Broaddus VC, Mason RJ, Ernst JD, et al, li-eds. Buka ea Bongaka ea Phefumoloho ea Murray le Nadel. La 6th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: khaolo ea 73.

Tarlo SM. Boloetse ba matšoafo mosebetsing. Ka: Goldman L, Schafer AI, li-eds. Phekolo ea Goldman-Cecil. La 26th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: khaolo ea 87.