Atelectasis

Atelectasis ke ho putlama ha karolo kapa, hangata haholo, matšoafo kaofela.

Atelectasis e bakoa ke ho koaloa ha litemana tsa moea (bronchus kapa bronchioles) kapa ka khatello e ka ntle ea matšoafo.

Atelectasis ha e tšoane le mofuta o mong oa matšoafo a oeleng a bitsoang pneumothorax, a etsahalang ha moea o tsoa matšoafong. Moea o tlatsa sebaka se kantle ho matšoafo, lipakeng tsa lebota la matšoafo le sefuba.

Atelectasis e tloaelehile kamora ho buuoa kapa ho batho ba leng sepetlele kapa ba neng ba le teng.

Mabaka a kotsi a ho hlahisa atelectasis a kenyelletsa:

• Anesthesia
• Ts'ebeliso ea phaephe ea ho hema
• Ntho ea kantle ho naha e tseleng (e atileng haholo ho bana)
• Boloetse ba sefuba
• Mucus e pakang tsela ea moea
• Khatello ea matšoafo e bakoang ke mokelikeli o mongata o pakeng tsa likhopo le matšoafo (o bitsoang pleural effusion)
• Phomolo ea nako e telele ea bethe ka liphetoho tse fokolang maemong
• Ho hema hanyane (ho ka bakoa ke ho hema habohloko kapa bofokoli ba mesifa)
• Lihlahala tse thibelang tsela ea moea

Matšoao a ka kenyelletsa efe kapa efe ea tse latelang:

• Bothata ba ho hema
• Bohloko ba sefuba
• Khohlela

Ha ho na matšoao haeba atelectasis e le bonolo.

Ho netefatsa hore na u na le atelectasis, liteko tse latelang li kanna tsa etsoa ho bona matšoafo le lifofane:

• Ho etsa liteko tsa 'mele ka ho thusa (ho mamela) kapa ho pherekanya (ho tlanya) sefuba
• Bronchoscopy
• Sekena sa CT kapa sa MRI
• X-ray sefubeng

Morero oa kalafo ke ho sebetsana le sesosa se ka sehloohong le ho holisa lisele tsa matšoafo tse oeleng. Haeba mokelikeli o beha khatello matšoafong, ho tlosa mokelikeli ho ka lumella matšoafo ho hola.

Kalafo e kenyelletsa e le 'ngoe kapa tse' maloa ho tse latelang:

• Qhotsa (pherekano) sefubeng ho lokolla mamapo a liphefumoloho tseleng.
• Boikoetliso bo tebileng ba ho hema (ka thuso ea lisebelisoa tsa tšusumetso ea spirometry).
• Tlosa kapa u lokolle ho koaloa ha li-airways ka bronchoscopy.
• Shebisa motho hore hlooho e be tlase ho sefuba (e bitsoang postural drainage). Sena se lumella mamina ho tsoa habonolo.
• Phekola hlahala kapa boemo bo bong.
• Etsa hore motho a robale ka lehlakore le phetseng hantle, a lumelle sebaka se oeleng sa matšoafo ho hola hape.
• Sebelisa meriana e huloang ke moea ho bula tsela.
• Sebelisa lisebelisoa tse ling tse thusang ho eketsa khatello e ntle moeeng le ho hlakola maro.
• Kopanela 'meleng haeba ho khonahala

Ho motho e moholo, atelectasis sebakeng se senyenyane sa matšoafo hangata ha e behe bophelo kotsing. Matšoafo a mang kaofela a ka etsa sebaka se oeleng, a tlisa oksijene e lekaneng hore 'mele o sebetse.

Libaka tse kholo tsa atelectasis li kanna tsa beha bophelo kotsing, hangata ho lesea kapa ngoana e monyane, kapa ho motho ea nang le lefu le leng la matšoafo kapa bokuli.

Letšoafo le oeleng hangata le phefumoloha butle ha thiba ea moea e tlositsoe. Ho ka 'na ha sala maqeba kapa tšenyo.

Pono e ipapisitse le lefu le ka sehloohong. Mohlala, batho ba nang le mofetše o pharalletseng hangata ha ba sebetse hantle, athe ba nang le atelectasis e bonolo kamora ho buuoa ba na le litholoana tse ntle haholo.

Pneumonia e ka hlaha kapele ka mor'a atelectasis karolong e amehileng ea matšoafo.

Bitsa mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo hang-hang haeba u ba le matšoao a atelectasis.

Ho thibela atelectasis:

• Khothaletsa motsamao le ho hema ho tebileng ho mang kapa mang ea robetseng liphateng nako e telele.
• Boloka lintho tse nyane moo bana ba banyenyane ba ke keng ba li fihlela.
• Boloka phefumoloho e matla kamora ho thethebatsoa.

Matšoafo a fokolang a oa

• Bronchoscopy
• Matšoafo
• Tsamaiso ea phefumoloho

Carlsen KH, Crowley S, Smevik B. Atelectasis. Ho: Wilmott RW, Ho fokotsa R, Li A, et al. Mathata a Kendig a Karolo ea Phefumoloho ho Bana. La 9th.Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: khaolo ea 70.

Nagji AS, Jolissaint JS, Lau CL. Atelectasis. Ka: Kellerman RD, Rakel DP, eds. Phekolo ea Hajoale ea Conn 2021. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: 850-850.

Rozenfeld RA. Atelectasis. Ka: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, bahlophisi. Buka ea Nelson ea Pediatrics. La 21 Ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: khaolo ea 437.