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Ke khale ho lumeloa hore ho ba le khaello ea khalori ke mokhoa o tloaelehileng oa ho o sebelisa ha o leka ho theola boima ba 'mele. (E ka 'na eaba u kile ua utloa kapa ua bona poleloana "likhalori ka lik'halori" ka nako e itseng, ho joalo?)

Empa khaello ea khalori ke eng, leha ho le joalo, 'me na ho fokotsa lik'hilojule ke tsela e molemohali ea ho theola boima ba' mele? Mona ke seo litsebi tsa phepo e nepahetseng le lipatlisiso tsa morao-rao li se buang mabapi le khaello ea khalori, mokhoa oa ho bala khaello ea khalori, le hore na ke mohopolo o motle kapa che.

Khalori ke Eng?

Ho ea ka 'mele oa motho, khalori ke tekanyo e bolelang palo ea lijo tse nang le boleng bo itseng bo hlahisang matla. Ha e le hantle, sena sohle se bolela hore lijo le lino tse o li fang li fa 'mele oa hau matla, a lekantsoeng ka likhalori, ho phela.


Leha ho le joalo, 'mele oa hau o hloka ho fetang feela lik'hilojule hore u lule u phela - hape u hloka limatlafatsi - ho akarelletsa le livithamine le liminerale - e le ho boloka 'mele oa hau o sebetsa hantle. (Ka mohlala, mineral calcium e fumanoang lebeseng e thusa ho matlafatsa masapo ha tšepe e fumanoang linaoang e hlokahala bakeng sa tšebetso ea lisele tse khubelu tsa mali.)

U hloka li-calories tse kae ka letsatsi?

Ho na le lintlha tse tharo tse khethollang kakaretso ea lik'hilojule tseo u li hlokang: sekhahla sa metabolism ea hau ea basal, boikoetliso ba 'mele, le phello ea thermic ea lijo.

Sekhahla sa metabolism ea basal: Basal metabolism ea hau ke matla a hlokahalang hore 'mele oa hau o lule o phela, joalo ka hore pelo ea hau e pompe. Tekanyo ea metabolic ea motho ea mantlha (BMR) e latela lintlha tse ngata ho kenyeletsoa bong, lilemo, bolelele le kholo (ke hore ho bana). Basal metabolism e etsa karolo ea 50 ho isa ho 70 lekholong ea litlhoko tsa hau tsa khalori.

Mosebetsi oa 'mele: Boikoetliso ba 'mele bo nka pakeng tsa 25 le 40 lekholong ea litlhoko tsa hau tsa lik'halori. Sena, ehlile, se kenyelletsa ho ikoetlisa, empa se kenyelletsa le ts'ebetso ea ho se ikoetlise thermogenesis, kapa NEAT, matla ao u a chesang ha o ntse o etsa tsohle tse eseng ho sila, ho hema, ho ja kapa ho ikoetlisa, ke hore, ho pheha, ho hloekisa, ho tsikitlanya, ho tlanya, jj.


Phello ea Thermic ea lijo: Matla a thermic a lijo ke matla a hlokahalang ho cheka le ho monya lijo tseo u li jang. E nka karolo ea 5 ho isa ho 10 lekholong ea litlhoko tsa hau tsa khalori kaofela.

Litsebi tsa lijo li sebelisa mekhoa e mengata ho tseba litlhoko tsa motho tsa khalori. E 'ngoe ea mekhoa e tsebahalang haholo ke Harris-Benedict Equation; pele, u bala BMR ea hau u sebelisa boima ba hau, bolelele le lilemo tsa hau, ebe BMR ea hau e eketsoa ke ts'ebetso (mohlala: hore na u tloaetse ho tsamaea hakae) ho fumana hore na u hloka likhalori tse kae ka letsatsi. Mohlala, motho ea sa ikoetliseng ka seoelo kapa ea sa ikoetliseng o tla atisa BMR ea hae ka 1.2, 'me motho ea ikoetlisang ka mokhoa o itekanetseng matsatsi a 3 ho isa ho a 5 ka beke o tla atisa BMR ka 1.55. Ho e-na le ho iketsetsa lipalo kaofela, u ka sebelisa sebali sa USDA ho fumana litlhoko tsa hau tsa khalori.

USDA Khalori e Hloka Calculator

Litlhoko tsa khalori bakeng sa basali ba baholo li tloha ho 1,600 ho isa ho 2,400 ka letsatsi, ho latela Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. Haeba mokhoa oa hau oa bophelo o lula o le teng, u tla be u le pheletsong e ka tlase ea mofuta oo, 'me haeba u le mafolofolo haholoanyane, u tla be u le pheletsong e holimo. (Tlhokomeliso: Ha u ntse u tsofala, khalori ea hau e hloka ho fokotseha, 'me haeba u imme kapa u anyesa, litlhoko tsa hau li ka eketseha.)


Khaello ea Khalori ke Eng?

Ka mantsoe a bonolo feela, khaello ea khalori ke ha o ja lik'hilojule tse fokolang ho feta tseo 'mele oa hau o li sebelisang kapa o chesa.

Hangata ho eletsoa hore, e le hore u theole boima ba 'mele, o lokela ho theha khaello ea likhalori. Ka mohlala, haeba motho a hloka lik'hilojule tse 3,000 ka letsatsi, ho theola khalori ea hae ho 2,500 lik'hilojule ka letsatsi ho baka khaello ea lik'halori tsa 500 k'halori ka letsatsi. Ka 1558, mofuputsi Max Wishnofsky, MD, o ile a fumana hore ponto e le 'ngoe ea mafura e boloka likhalori tse ka bang 3 500 tsa matla, ho latela sengoloa saDietitian ea kajeno. Ho tloha ka nako eo, e se e amoheloa e le tsebo e tloaelehileng hore - ho latela boima ba 'mele - ponto e le' ngoe e lekana le likhalori tse 3 500. Re na le seo kelellong, mohopolo ke hore khaello ea likhalori tse 500 letsatsi le leng le le leng e ka qetella e bakile boima ba boima ba boima ba lik'hilograma tse 1 ka beke. (Bona: Mokhoa oa ho Khaola li-calories ho theola boima ba 'mele ka polokeho)

Haeba u ja Hape lik'hilojule ho feta tseo 'mele oa hao o li sebelisang, seo se bitsoa calorie surplus. Haeba u lula palong e setseng ea khalori nako e telele, hangata e ka lebisa ho nona. (Ha e le hantle, ho nona haholo ha se kamehla ho bakoang ke ho ja ho tlōla - ho ka ba ka lebaka la mathata a ts'ebetsong kapa litaba tse ling tsa bophelo bo botle tse kang hypothyroidism. ka tshohanyetso.)

Ho sebelisa khaello ea khalori bakeng sa tahlehelo ea boima ba 'mele

Setsi sa Naha sa Bophelo (NIH) se khothaletsa ka mokhoa o pharalletseng ho latela lijo tse fokotsoang (tse kenang khaello ea khalori) bakeng sa batho ba nonneng haholo kapa ba nonneng mme ba batlang ho theola boima ba 'mele, mme Academy of Nutrition le Dietetics le eona e supa tlalehong ea 2016 hore khaello ea letsatsi le letsatsi ea 500- ho ea ho 750- khalori e hlile e buelloa bakeng sa ho theola boima ba 'mele.

Liphuputso tse ling tse boletsoeng khafetsa li tšehetsa mokhoa ona: Phuputso ea 2007 mabapi le khaello ea likhalori e bontšitse hore ho fokotsa likhalori tse ka bang 500 ka letsatsi ho thusa ho fihlela boima ba 'mele. Leha ho le joalo, boima ba 'mele bo fokotsehileng bo latela mafura a' mele a motho, ho latela thuto. Ka mohlala, motho ea qalang ka tekanyo e phahameng ea mafura a 'mele o hloka khaello e kholoanyane ea khalori nako e eketsehileng ho theola boima ba' mele. Phuputso e hlalosa hore ke ka hona banna ba ka theolang boima ba 'mele ho feta basali bakeng sa khaello ea khalori kaha basali ba na le mafura a mangata ho feta banna ba boima ba' mele bo tšoanang.

Leha ho le joalo, thuto ea 2014 e phatlalalitsoeng ho Journal ea Machaba ea Botenya e bontša hore tataiso ea khaello ea lik'hilojule tse 3500 ka beke (kapa khaello ea lik'halori tse 500 ka letsatsi) e le molao o akaretsang o ka nolofalitsoeng ho feta tekano. Bafuputsi phuputsong ba ne ba batla ho bona hore na molao oa likhalori tse 3 500 o ka noha tahlehelo ea boima ba lithuto, empa liphetho li bonts'a hore lithuto tse ngata li lahlehile haholo Nyane boima ho feta tekanyo e boletsoeng esale pele molaong ona oa 3,500-calorie. 'Nete ke hore ho na le lintlha tse ling tse ngata tse amang litholoana tsa boima ba' mele ho feta ho fokotsa likhalori. Mabaka a fapaneng a metabolism, joalo ka matšoao a ho khora ka hare (e bolelang, ha o lapile kapa o khotsofetse), le ona a ka bapala karolo. Ho na le lipatlisiso tse ngata tse ntseng li etsoa hajoale ho fumana lintho tse ling tse ka bapalang karolo.

Mokhoa oa ho theola boima ba 'mele ka polokeho u sebelisa khaello ea khalori

Le hoja lipatlisiso li bontša hore molao oa khaello ea 500-calorie e ka 'na ea se ke ea e-ba bohlale, e ntse e le tataiso e khothalletsoang ea ho theola boima ba' mele har'a mekhatlo ea bophelo bo botle ea sechaba e kang NIH, Academy of Nutrition le Dietetics, le Mayo Clinic. Le hore u theole boima ba 'mele ka khaello ea khalori, o hloka ho e boloka nako e teletsana, ho bolela Joan Salge Blake, Ed.D., RDN, moprofesa oa phepo e nepahetseng Univesithing ea Boston le moamoheli oa phepo e nepahetseng le podcast Spot On !. O ka theha le ho boloka khaello ea likhalori ka:

  1. Ho ja likhalori tse fokolang.
  2. Ho eketsa boikoetliso ba hau ba letsatsi le letsatsi ntle le ho eketsa khalori ea hau.
  3. Motsoako oa bobeli.

'Nete ke hore ho fokotsa lik'hilojule hammoho le ho ba mafolofolo (mme ka hona ho chesa lik'hilojule tse ngata) ke tsela e atlehileng ka ho fetisisa bakeng sa batho ba ho theola boima ba' mele, ho bolela Salge Blake. (Nahana: Haeba u khaola lik'hilojule tse 250 ho tloha mehleng ea hau 'me u matha kapa u tsamaea ka maoto a chesang lik'hilojule tse 250, ho ka' na ha utloahala ho le bonolo ho fihlella khaello ea lik'halori tse 500 ha e bapisoa le ho fokotsa lijo tseo u li jang ka li-calories tse 500 feela.)

Seo se boletse, ha u batle ho fetelletsa lintho ka ho fokotsa lijo tse ngata le ho ikoetlisa hofeta hobane ha se nako e telele kapa e phetseng hantle. "Hobane khaello e nyane ea khalori e ntle bakeng sa ho theola boima ba 'mele ha e bolele hore ho ja hanyenyane kamoo ho ka khonehang ho theola boima ba' mele ke khopolo e ntle," ho bolela setsebi sa lijo tsa lipapali Amy Goodson, MS, RD Ha ua lokela ho ja lik'hilojule tse ka tlaase ho 1,000 ka letsatsi. , ho latela NIH. Haeba u ja lik'hilojule tse fokolang haholo, e ka sitisa ho theola boima ba 'mele' me ea boloka 'mele hore o se ke oa fumana likhalori tse o li hlokang hore o lule o phetse hantle. Haeba u ja lik'hilojule tse fokolang haholo esita le ka nako e khuts'oane feela, u ka ikutloa u lapile, u tenehile, u khathetse, 'me u na le lets'ollo le / kapa phumano. Sena ha se tsebise mekhoa e metle ea ho ja e ka bolokoang. Haeba u fokotsa lik'hilojule ka nako e telele (nahana: likhoeli), sena se ka lebisa ho khaello ea phepo e nepahetseng, khaello ea limatlafatsi, 'me ha e le hantle e u siea u le boemong ba tlala. Ka lebaka leo, 'mele oa hau o tla tšoarella mafura e le mokhoa oa ho khutlisa' mele oa hau, o tla qetella o sitisa ho theola boima ba 'mele' me o be kotsi ho sepheo sa hau.

Sekhahla se sireletsehileng sa tahlehelo ea boima ba 'mele ke 1 ho lik'hilograma tse 2 ka beke, ho latela NIH. Ntho efe kapa efe e potlakileng ho feta moo e ka ba kotsi mme ea ba le litlamorao ho bophelo bo botle; ho fokotsa boima ba 'mele ka potlako ho eketsa litlhoko' meleng 'me ho ka eketsa kotsi ea majoe a nyooko, khaello ea phepo e nepahetseng, ho se leka-lekane ha elektrolyte le tšenyo ea sebete. Haeba sekhahla sa tahlehelo ea boima bo potlakile ho feta liponto tse 1 ho isa ho tse 2 ka beke (ke hore, kamora ho buuoa ka bariatric), e lokela ho ba tlasa taolo ea litsebi tsa bongaka.

Hape ke habohlokoa ho hlokomela hore, haeba u na le boemo ba bongaka bo ka 'nang ba baka boima ba' mele (joaloka mofuta oa 2 lefu la tsoekere kapa hypothyroidism), ho leka ho sebelisa khaello ea khalori bakeng sa ho theola boima ba 'mele ho kanna ha se sebetse. Ke ka lebaka leo ho leng bohlokoa ho bona ngaka ea hau haeba u sa tsoa nona haholo kapa u ntse u leka ho theola boima ba 'mele empa u sa khone.

Lipakane tsa ho fokotsa boima ba 'mele ha nako e khuts'oane le vs.

"Ho latela motho le sepheo sa bona sa ho theola boima ba 'mele, khaello ea likhalori e kanna ea hloka ho etsoa nako e khuts'oane kapa e teletsana," ho bolela Goodson. "Le ha e se kamehla e leng equation e phethahetseng, hangata bolelele ba khaello ea likhalori bo latela boholo ba boima bo lokelang ho lahleha." Leha ho le joalo, kamora likhoeli tse tšeletseng tsa ts'ebeliso ea khalori ho theola boima ba 'mele, ho bohlokoa ho fetohela lenaneong la tlhokomelo ea boima ba' mele - ho sa tsotelehe hore na o fihletse sepheo sa hau kapa che, ho latela NIH. Hang ha u se u theohile boima ba 'mele, ho thata haholo ho bo boloka,' me ho nka khefu bakeng sa libeke tse seng kae kapa likhoeli tse seng kae ho etsa bonnete ba hore ha u boele u boele u bo fumane ho ka u thusa ho boloka boima ba hao ba nako e telele. Ho ea ka Transtheoretical Model (kapa Mehato ea Phetoho) e sebelisetsoang ho hlalosa phetoho ea boits'oaro, karolo ea bohlano ke karolo ea tlhokomelo moo boits'oaro bo ts'oarellang (likhoeli tse tšeletseng kapa ho feta) mme e reretsoe ho bolokoa ho ea pele. Ho kena mokhoeng ona oa tlhokomelo kamora likhoeli tse 'maloa tsa khaello ea likhalori ha se hakaalo hore na o ja bokae, empa ho ipha nako ea ho tsamaisana le liphetoho tsa boits'oaro ba hau, mme ho ipapisitsoe le mofuta ona, likhoeli tse tšeletseng e ba nomoro ea boloi . Joale, hang ha u se u tlohile boima ba 'mele ka likhoeli tse' maloa, u ka khona ho bala hape litlhoko tsa hau tsa khalori 'me u thehe bofokoli bo bocha ho tsoela pele ka boiteko ba ho theola boima ba' mele.

Tabeng eo, ha u e-ba le sehlaba sa tahlehelo ea boima ba 'mele - e leng se etsahalang,' me e le karolo e tloaelehileng ea mokhoa oa ho theola boima ba 'mele - ho bohlokoa ho hlahloba hape litlhoko tsa hau tsa khalori e le khaello e' ngoe (le hoja mohlomong e se e kholo) e ka hlokahala. . Ka mohlala, haeba u lahlehetsoe ke lik'hilograma tse 10 ka ho ja lik'hilojule tse 500 ka letsatsi ka nako ea likhoeli tse ka bang 2, litlhoko tsa hau tsa khalori li tla fokotseha kaha o bobebe ka lik'hilograma tse 10. Kahoo, o kanna oa hloka ho lekola bocha litlhoko tsa hau tsa khalori ho latela BMR ea hau le boemo ba tšebetso; u ka 'na ua qetella u ja lik'hilojule tse 750 tse fokolang ho feta ha u qala.

Ka mokhoa o ts'oanang, hang ha sepheo sa hau sa ho theola boima ba 'mele se fihletsoe, u tla hloka ho fetola mokhoa oa hau oa khalori ho latela. Ho lula u le mahlahahlaha khafetsa ho ka thusa ho fokotsa boima ba 'mele ka ho eketsa khalori ea hau ea letsatsi le letsatsi (hape le ho fa' mele oa hau lithane tsa melemo e meng ea bohlokoa ea bophelo bo botle).

Morero oa mantlha ke ho boloka boima ba 'mele nako e telele le hore boima ba hau bo se ke ba khutlela morao. Ke ka lebaka leo NIH e eletsang khaello ea khalori e fetang 500 ho ea ho 1000 ka letsatsi. Elizabeth Ward, M.S., R.D., mongoli oa Ho Molemo ka ho Fetisisa ho Ncha. Haeba u leka ho boloka khaello e kholo ea khalori, mohlomong u tla lapa haholo 'me u se ke ua khomarela moralo oa hau oa lijo ka nako e telele - ho fokotsa ka ho feletseng boiteko ba hau ba ho fokotsa boima ba' mele. Ho lahleheloa ke boima ba 'mele nako e telele ho thata haholo ho feta ho theola boima ba' mele, ho latela phuputso ea 2019. Phuputsong ea meta ea lithuto tsa tahlehelo ea boima ba 'mele ea nako e telele, karolo e fetang halofo ea boima bo lahlehileng e ile ea boela ea fumanoa nakong ea lilemo tse 2, mme kamora lilemo tse 5, liperesente tse fetang 80 tsa boima bo lahlehileng li ile tsa boela tsa fumanoa.

Khaello ea Likhalori le Boikoetliso

Batho ba mafolofolo haholo ba ka 'na ba ipotsa hore na ba ka theola boima ba' mele ka khaello ea lik'halori. "Senotlolo ke ho etsa bonnete ba hore o fehla 'mele oa hau ka nepo bakeng sa bongata ba ts'ebetso e etsoang," ho hlalosa Goodson. "Ho ja lik'hilojule tse fokolang haholo ho ka ba le tšusumetso e mpe ho ts'ebetso le maemo a matla." Ka mohlala, haeba u fokotsa lik'hilojule kapa u ikoetlisa ka matla, u ka 'na ua ba kotsing ea ho ba le lefu la moatlelete oa basali, le hlahang e le tšitiso ea nako ea ho ilela khoeli le tahlehelo ea matla.

"Ho latela likhalori e kanna ea ba karolo ea bohlokoa ea equation ho netefatsa hore batho ba mafolofolo ba ja likhalori tse lekaneng bakeng sa matla empa ba theha khaello ea ho ba thusa ho fihlela sepheo sa bona sa ho theola boima ba 'mele," ho bolela Goodson.

Joalo ka khothaletso e akaretsang, batho ba ka fokotsa lijo tsa bona tsa caloric mme ba eketsa boemo ba bona ba ts'ebetso ho theha khaello ea khalori. Empa haeba u moatlelete (nahana: ho koetlisetsoa marathon kapa ketsahalo e 'ngoe e matla) kapa u na le boima bo bongata ba ho theola, e kanna ea ba bohlale ho thetsa setsi le setsebi sa lijo tse ngolisitsoeng se ipabolang lipapaling.

Phetoho ea Boitšoaro

Ho fokotsa ho ja lik'hilojule le ho ikoetlisa haholoanyane ke halofo feela ea ntoa. NIH e boetse e khothaletsa phekolo ea boitšoaro e tsamaisanang le ho theola boima ba 'mele le ho eketsa boikoetliso ba' mele. Ho ea ka Transtheoretical Model (kapa Mehato ea Phetoho), hang ha boitšoaro bo ts'ehetsoa ka nako e fetang likhoeli tse tšeletseng, e ba tloaelo eo motho e mong a tsoelang pele ho e etsa. Ho theha mekhoa e metle ea bophelo bohle ke sepheo sa mantlha sa ho tlosa boima ba 'mele.

Salge Blake o khothalletsa ho kopana le setsebi sa phepo e nepahetseng se ngolisitsoeng (RDN) se sebetsanang le sebaka sena ka ho khetheha ho u thusa leetong la hao la ho theola boima ba 'mele. Ts'ebeletso e kanna ea lefelloa ke inshorense ea hau. U ka fumana RDN sebakeng sa heno ka ho ea ho websaeteng ea Academy of Nutrition le Dietetics le ho tobetsa "Fumana Setsebi."

Hobaneng ha khaello ea likhalori e sa sebetse kamehla

Khaello ea lik'halori ka khona ho fella ka tahlehelo ea boima ba 'mele; leha ho le joalo, "batho ba bangata ba hakanya hore na ba chesa lik'hilojule tse kae ka ho ikoetlisa 'me ba nyenyefatsa hore na ba ja lik'hilojule tse kae," ho bolela Salge Blake. Ka mohlala, lipatlisiso li bontša hore mechine ea cardio le lik'halori tse ling tse chesitsoeng ka lik'hilojule li ka fetela holimo. Sena se etsa hore ho leka ho theola boima ba 'mele feela ka ho eketsa ho ikoetlisa - kapa ka ho bala litlhoko tsa khalori ea hau ha o ntse o hlophisa lik'halori tse chesitsoeng nakong ea boikoetliso - ho ba thata le ho feta.

Haeba u leka ho lekola khaello ea khalori ea hau, Salge Blake o khothaletsa ho sebelisa e 'ngoe ea lisebelisoa tse fumanehang tsa tahlehelo ea boima ba' mele ho thusa ho boloka lethathamo la seo u se jang. Hopola, "o hloka ho utloisisa boholo ba likarolo e le hore o kenye lijo tse nepahetseng tseo u li jang letsatsi le leng le le leng," ho hlalosa Salge Blake. "Haeba likarolo tsa hau li fosahetse - haholo-holo, li sa lebelloa - ho tla ba joalo le tlhahiso [palo ea hau ea khalori kaofela]."

Bakeng sa ho fihlela litlhoko tsa hau tsa khalori le ho ja limatlafatsi tse hlokahalang ho boloka mmele oa hau o phetse hantle, ho bohlokoa ho beha pele ho ja lijo tse nang le limatlafatsi le ho fokotsa lijo tse nang le mafura a mangata le tsoekere e ekelitsoeng. Litaelo tsa lijo tsa 2020-2025 bakeng sa MaAmerika li fana ka molao oa 85/15 joalo ka tataiso, moo liperesente tse 85 tsa likhalori tse jeoang li lokelang ho tsoa mehloling e nang le limatlafatsi, 'me liperesente tse 15 li ka tsoa mehloling e se nang lik'halori tse kang tse phahameng ka ho fetisisa. mafura le tsoekere e eketsehileng (nahana: li-cookie, lipompong, botoro). (Related: Litaelo tsena tse 5 tse bonolo tsa phepo e nepahetseng ha li qosoe ke Litsebi le Lipatlisiso)

Ntle le moo, haeba u na le nalane ea mathata a ho ja (joalo ka anorexia nervosa, bulimia, kapa orthorexia), o kanna oa se be moemeli ea hantle oa ho bala khalori kaha sebopeho se tenang sa ho bala khalori se ka baka ho oela hape. Ho phaella moo, ba nang le bothata ba ho ja ba qeta likhoeli kapa lilemo tse ngata ba ntse ba ithuta mekhoa e nepahetseng ea ho ja ’me ba sebeletsa ho felisa boitšoaro bo sa tsitsang ba ho ja, ho akarelletsa le ho bala lik’halori. Ho latela pampiri ea 2010 e phatlalalitsoeng ho Journal of Neuroscience, thibelo ea lik’halori e ka lebisa khatellong ea maikutlo le ho itlopa lijo esita le ho ba se nang histori ea bothata ba ho ja. (E amanang: Ho bala likhalori ho nthusitse ho theola boima ba 'mele — Empa joale ka ba le bothata ba ho ja)

Ntlha ea Bohlokoa

Ho sebelisa khaello ea likhalori bakeng sa ho theola boima ba 'mele ka sebele ke mokhoa o sebetsang, empa eseng o le mong. Boikoetliso bo ntseng bo eketseha, ho utloisisa ho lekanyetsa seo u se jang (joalo ka likarolo), le boits'oaro bo fetohelang mekhoeng e phetseng hantle, e tsitsitseng le eona ke karolo ea equation. Le ha batho ba bangata ba entse sena ba le bang, ho ba le tataiso ea RDN ho ka thusa ka ts'ehetso le tšusumetso e ntle mabapi le lipheo tsa ho theola boima ba 'mele.

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Ho Khathatsa Lingoliloeng Tse Khaholo

Khokahano ea popelo: Ke ea eng 'me e fola joang

Khokahano ea popelo: Ke ea eng 'me e fola joang

Khokahano ea mokokotlo ke t 'ebet o e nyane eo ho eona karoloana ea molomo oa popelo e tlo oang hore e hlahlojoe ka laboratoring. Ka hona, t 'ebet o ena e ebelet a ho et a biop y ea molomo oa ...
Lipheko tsa lapeng tse 3 tsa thrush ka lesea

Lipheko tsa lapeng tse 3 tsa thrush ka lesea

Pheko e ntle ea lehae ea thru h ka hanong, e leng ho ata ha li-fungu molomong oa molomo, e ka et oa ka kharenate, kaha tholoana ena e na le thepa ea ebolaya-likokoana-hloko, e thu ang ho t it i a liko...