Ithute phapang lipakeng tsa Ultrasound, X-Ray, Tomography le Scintigraphy

Litaba

• 1. Ultrasound
• 2. X-ray
• 3. Tomography
• 4. Litlhaku tse ngotsoeng ka letsoho

Ho etsa litlhahlobo ho kopuoa haholo ke lingaka ho thusa ho fumana le ho hlalosa kalafo ea mafu a fapaneng. Leha ho le joalo, hajoale ho na le liteko tse 'maloa tsa ho nka litšoantšo tse ka bonts'ang ho latela matšoao le litšobotsi tsa motho le tlhahlobo ea ngaka, joalo ka ultrasound, X-ray, computed tomography le scintigraphy. Le ha litlhahlobo tsena e le litšoantšo, kaofela li na le matšoao le likopo tse fapaneng.

1. Ultrasound

Ultrasound ke mofuta oa tlhahlobo ea litšoantšo e lumellang pono ea nako ea 'nete ea setho kapa lisele tsa' mele. Ke teko e loketseng basali ba baimana ka ho fetesisa, kaha ha ho na mohlapo oa radiation, ka hona ha ho kotsi ho lesea le ka popelong. Ha tlhahlobo ena e etsoa ka doppler, ho a khonahala ho bona phallo ea mali. Utloisisa hore na ultrasound e etsoa joang.

Tlhahlobo ea ultrasound e ka thusa ho fumana kalafo le kalafo ea maemo a 'maloa, joalo ka:

• Patlisiso ea bohloko mpa kapa mokokotlo;
• Patlisiso ea mafu a amang popelo, methapo le mae a bomme, joalo ka endometriosis;
• Ponahalo le tlhahlobo ea mesifa, manonyeletso, litšika le litho, joalo ka qoqotho, sebete, liphio le letsoele, mme ho ka ba molemo ho lekola boteng ba maqhutsu kapa li cyst.

Ka boimana, ultrasound e sebelisoa haholo ho lekola kholo ea lesea le ka pōpelong le ho khetholla mathata afe kapa afe a ka bang teng, joalo ka anencephaly le lefu la pelo. Bona hore na ultrasound e etsoa joang nakong ea bokhachane.

2. X-ray

X-ray ke tlhatlhobo ea khale ka ho fetisisa le e sebelisoang haholo ea litšoantšo ho khetholla ho robeha ha mohlala, hobane e lumella tlhahlobo e potlakileng hobane ke tlhatlhobo e bonolo ebile e theko e tlase mabapi le computed tomography, mohlala. Ntle le ho khetholla likheo, X-ray e lumella ho khetholla mafu le likotsi likarolong tse fapaneng, joalo ka matšoafo.

Ho etsa tlhahlobo, ho itokisa ha ho hlokahale mme tlhatlhobo e nka metsotso e 10 ho isa ho e 15. Leha ho le joalo, hobane ho na le mahlaseli a kotsi, leha a le nyane, tlhahlobo ena ha e bontšoe bakeng sa bakhachane, haholo hobane X-ray e ka ama kholo ea lesea. Ntle le moo, bana ba lokela ho qoba ho nka li-x-ray khafetsa, hobane ha ba ntse ba le nts'etsopele, radiation e ka sitisa kholo ea masapo, mohlala. Tseba likotsi tsa radiography nakong ea bokhachane.

3. Tomography

Tomography ke tlhatlhobo e sebelisang X-ray ho fumana setšoantšo, leha ho le joalo sesebelisoa se hlahisa litšoantšo tse latellanang tse lumellang pono e ntle ea setho le tlhahlobo e nepahetseng haholoanyane. Hobane radiation e boetse e sebelisoa, tomography ha ea lokela ho etsoa ho bakhachane, mme mofuta o mong oa tlhahlobo ea litšoantšo, joalo ka ultrasound, o lokela ho etsoa.

K'homphieutha ea tomography hangata e bonts'oa ho thusa ho hlahloba mafu a mesifa le masapo, ho hlahloba boteng ba ho tsoa mali le li-aneurysms, ho etsa lipatlisiso ka ho senyeha ha liphio, ho fokola ha mafu, tšoaetso le ho latela lihlahala. Fumana lintlha tse ling ka hore na computed tomography ke ea eng.

4. Litlhaku tse ngotsoeng ka letsoho

Scintigraphy ke tlhahlobo ea litšoantšo e lumellang ponahalo ea litho le ts'ebetso ea tsona ka tsamaiso ea ntho e ntšang mahlaseli a kotsi, e bitsoang radiopharmaceutical kapa radiotracer, e kenngoang ke litho le ho khetholloa ke lisebelisoa ka mahlaseli a hlahisitsoeng, e hlahisang setšoantšo.

Ha e ntse e lumella ho hlahlojoa ha tšebetso ea setho, scintigraphy e sebelisoa haholo ho oncology ho supa moo lihlahala li leng teng le ho fuputsa boteng ba metastases, empa e ka kopuoa hape ke ngaka maemong a mang, joalo ka:

• tekolo ea liphetoho tsa matšoafo, joalo ka pulmonary embolism, emphysema le ho holofala ha methapo ea mali, ho thusa ho fumana le ho phekola mafu ana. Utloisisa hore na scintigraphy ea matšoafo ke eng le hore na ke ea eng;
• Tlhatlhobo eamasapo, moo ho hlahlojoang matšoao a mofets'e kapa metastasis ea masapo, ntle le osteomyelitis, ramatiki, ho robeha ha masapo, osteonecrosis le infarction ea masapo. Bona kamoo scintigraphy ea masapo e etsoang ka teng;
• Boitsebiso ba boko bo fetoha, Haholo-holo e amana le phepelo ea mali bokong, e lumellang ho khetholla le ho lekola mafu a holofatsang, joalo ka Alzheimer's le Parkinson, ntle le lihlahala tsa boko, stroke le netefatso ea lefu la boko. Utloisisa hore na scintigraphy ea masapo e etsoa joang;
• Tlhatlhobo ea sebōpeho sa liphio le tšebetso, ho tloha tlhahisong ho isa ho feliseng moroto. Ithute haholoanyane mabapi le scintigraphy ea renal;
• Fuputsa boteng le ho tiea ha mefuta e fapaneng ea tšebetso ea pelo, joalo ka ischemia le infarction, ka mohlala. Ithute ho itokisetsa scimigraphy ea myocardial;
• Hlokomela mosebetsi oa qoqotho le liphetoho, joalo ka boteng ba maqhutsu, mofets'e, lisosa tsa hyper le hypothyroidism le ho ruruha ho thyroid. Bona kamoo tokisetso ea scintigraphy ea qoqotho e etsoang ka teng.

Mabapi le oncology, hangata ho bontšoa ke ngaka ho etsa scintigraphy ea 'mele kaofela, kapa PCI, e lumellang sebaka sa mantlha sa sefuba, senya, mofetše oa qoqotho, har'a ba bang, ho hlahlojoa le ho lekola kholo ea lefu lena. le boteng ba metastase. Utloisisa hore na scintigraphy ea 'mele e etsoa joang le hore na e etselitsoe eng.