Phekolo e tsoetseng pele ea mofets'e oa matsoele le lipatlisiso: Ho tla etsahala'ng ka Horizon?

Litaba

• Phekolo e lebisitsoeng
• Phekolo ea lithethefatsi e atametse
• Lithethefatsi tsa anti-angiogenesis
• Lithethefatsi tse fapaneng
• Phekolo ea Immunotherapy
• PI3 kinase inhibitors
• Ponelopele e ntlafalitsoeng le tlhokomelo
• Ho kenella tekong ea bongaka

Kankere ea matsoele e ka phekoloa, empa hangata e ke ke ea phekoloa. Hajoale, lipheo tsa kalafo li kenyelletsa ho fokotsa matšoao a hau, ho ntlafatsa boleng ba bophelo ba hau le ho lelefatsa bophelo ba hau.

Kalafo hangata e kenyelletsa kalafo ea lihormone, chemotherapy, kalafo e reretsoeng, kapa motsoako oa tsena.

Mona ke tse ling tsa kalafo ea hajoale le ea nako e tlang eo u ka lebellang ho utloa ka eona haeba u fumane tlhahlobo e tsoetseng pele ea mofetše oa matsoele.

Phekolo e lebisitsoeng

Bafuputsi ba hlahisitse litlhare tse 'maloa tse ncha tse lebisang ho liphetoho tse itseng tsa lisele. Liphetoho tsena li etsa hore lisele tsa mofetše li hōle kapele li be li hasane. Sena se fapane le chemotherapy, e shebaneng le lisele tsohle tse holang ka potlako, ho kenyeletsoa lisele tsa mofetše le lisele tse phetseng hantle.

Bongata ba lithethefatsi tsena tse lebisitsoeng li amohetsoe ho phekola mofetše oa matsoele. Tse ling li ntse li ithutoa litekong tsa bongaka, 'me tse ling tse ngata li litekong tsa pele ho nako.

Mehlala e meng ea kalafo e reretsoeng e kenyelletsa:

• Lapatinib (Tykerb). Meriana ena ke tyrosine kinase inhibitor. E sebetsa ka ho thibela li-enzyme tse khothalletsang kholo ea lisele. E fumaneha joalo ka pilisi eo u e sebelisang letsatsi le letsatsi ho alafa mofetše oa matsoele. E kanna ea kopanngoa le lithethefatsi tse ling tsa chemotherapy kapa liphekolo tsa "hormone".
• Neratinib (Nerlynx). Moriana ona o lumelletsoe ho phekola mofetše oa matsoele oa pele ea HER2. Boithuto bo bong bo bontša hore e kanna ea atleha ho phekoleng batho ba nang le mofetše oa matsoele.
• Olaparib (Lynparza). Kalafo ena e amoheloa bakeng sa mofetše oa matsoele oa HER2-negative ho batho ba nang le BRCA phetoho ea lefutso. E fumaneha e le pilisi ea letsatsi le letsatsi.

CDK4 / 6 inhibitors ke sehlopha se seng sa lithethefatsi tse lebisitsoeng. Lithethefatsi tsena li thibela liprotheine tse itseng tse nolofalletsang lisele tsa mofetše ho hola. Abemaciclib (Verzenio), palbociclib (Ibrance), le ribociclib (Kisqali) ke li-inhibitors tsa CDK4 / 6 tse amohetsoeng ke Tsamaiso ea Lijo le Lithethefatsi bakeng sa kalafo ea mofetše oa matsoele. Li sebelisoa hammoho le kalafo ea lihormone ho alafa kankere ea matsoele ea HR-positive le HER2-negative.

Phekolo ea lithethefatsi e atametse

Ho na le liphekolo tse ngata tse fumanehang ho alafa mofetše oa matsoele, empa lithuto li ntse li etsoa ho ithuta haholoanyane ka hore na lisele tsa mofetše le phetoho ea liphatsa tsa lefutso li sebetsa joang. Ka tlase ke tse ling tsa liphekolo tse ntseng li etsoa lipatlisiso.

Lithethefatsi tsa anti-angiogenesis

Angiogenesis ke mokhoa oo methapo e mecha ea mali e thehoang ka oona. Lithethefatsi tsa anti-angiogenesis li etselitsoe ho thibela phepelo ea mali lijaneng. Sena se amoha lisele tsa mofetše mali a hlokahalang ho hola.

Anti-angiogenesis drug bevacizumab (Avastin) hajoale e amohetsoe ke FDA ho alafa mefuta e meng ea mofetše. Moriana ona o bontšitse katleho ho basali ba nang le mofetše oa matsoele o tsoetseng pele, empa FDA e ile ea tlosa tumello bakeng sa ts'ebeliso eo ka 2011. Bevacizumab le lithethefatsi tse ling tsa anti-angiogenesis li ntse li etsa lipatlisiso bakeng sa kalafo ea mofetše oa matsoele.

Lithethefatsi tse fapaneng

Lithethefatsi tsa Biosimilar li ts'oana le lithethefatsi tsa lebitso, empa li ka theko e tlase. Ke khetho ea kalafo e sebetsang.

Lithethefatsi tse ngata tsa biosimilar bakeng sa mofetše oa matsoele li ntse li ithutoa. Mofuta oa biosimilar oa trastuzumab (Herceptin), sethethefatsi sa chemotherapy, ke eona feela biosimilar e amoheloang bakeng sa kalafo ea mofetše oa matsoele oa HER2-metastatic. E bitsoa trastuzumab-dkst (Ogivri).

Phekolo ea Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy ke mokhoa oa kalafo o thusang sesole sa 'mele ho senya lisele tsa mofetše.

Sehlopha se seng sa lithethefatsi tsa immunotherapy ke PD1 / PD-L1 inhibitors. Pembrolizumab (Keytruda) e amohetsoe ho phekola mofetše oa matšoafo. E ntse e feta litekong tsa bongaka ho lekola katleho ea eona ho bakuli ba nang le mofetše oa matsoele oa metastatic hararo.

PI3 kinase inhibitors

The PIK3CA liphatsa tsa lefutso li thusa ho laola PI3 kinase, e leng enzyme e etsang hore lihlahala li hōle. PI3 kinase inhibitors li etselitsoe ho sitisa le ho emisa kholo ea enzyme ea P13. Tsena li ntse li ithutoa bakeng sa kalafo ea mofetše oa matsoele.

Ponelopele e ntlafalitsoeng le tlhokomelo

Ka bomalimabe, batho ba ka qalella ho hanyetsa mekhoa e meng ea kalafo ea mofets'e. Sena se etsa hore kalafo e emise ho sebetsa ka nepo. Bafuputsi ba qapa mekhoa e mecha ea ho lekola hore na bakuli ba arabela joang kalafong.

Ho hlahlojoa ha hlahala ea DNA (e tsejoang hape e le biopsy ea metsi) ho ntse ho ithutoa e le mokhoa oa ho tataisa kalafo. Bafuputsi ba leka ho fumana hore na tlhahlobo ena e na le molemo ho lekola bakuli ba nang le mofetše oa matsoele le ho bolela esale pele hore na ba tla arabela joang kalafong.

Ho kenella tekong ea bongaka

Ho nka karolo tekong ea bongaka ho ka thusa bafuputsi ho fumana hore na liphekolo tse ncha li tla sebetsa. Haeba u thahasella ho kenella, ntlha e ntle ea ho qala ke ClinicalTrials.gov, database e batlisisang ea lithuto tse fumanehang hona joale lefatšeng ka bophara. Hape sheba mehato e kang Morero oa Metastatic Breast Cancer. Sethala sena se thehiloeng marang-rang se hokahanya batho ba nang le mofetše oa matsoele le bo-rasaense ba sebelisang theknoloji ho ithuta lisosa tsa mofetše.

Bua le mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo ho bona hore na ho kenella tekong ea bongaka ho u loketse.Li ka u thusa ho bona hore na oa tšoaneleha le ho u thusa ho ingolisa.