Kakaretso ea Sistimi ea Endocrine
Litaba
- Mosebetsi oa sistimi ea Endocrine
- Litho tsa tsamaiso ea endocrine
- Lihormone tsa sistimi ea Endocrine
- Setšoantšo sa sistimi ea Endocrine
- Maemo a ka amang sistimi ea endocrine
- Hyperthyroidism
- Hypothyroidism
- Cushing lefu
- Lefu la Addison
- Lefu la tsoekere
- Ntlha ea bohlokoa
Sistimi ea endocrine ke marang-rang a litšoelesa le litho tse fumanehang hohle 'meleng. E tšoana le tsamaiso ea methapo ka hore e phetha karolo ea bohlokoa ho laoleng le ho laoleng mesebetsi e mengata ea 'mele.
Leha ho le joalo, ha tsamaiso ea methapo e sebelisa tšusumetso ea methapo le methapo ea kutlo bakeng sa puisano, sistimi ea endocrine e sebelisa man messengersosa a lik'hemik'hale a bitsoang lihormone.
Tsoela pele ho bala ho fumana ho eketsehileng ka sistimi ea endocrine, seo e se etsang, le lihormone tseo e li hlahisang.
Mosebetsi oa sistimi ea Endocrine
Sistimi ea endocrine e ikarabella bakeng sa ho laola mesebetsi e mengata ea 'mele ka ho lokolla lihormone.
Li-hormone li patoa ke litšoelesa tsa sistimi ea "endocrine", e feta ka phallo ea mali ho ea likarolong tse fapaneng tsa 'mele. Joale lihormone li bolella litho tsena le lisele hore li etse eng kapa li sebetse joang.
Mehlala e meng ea mesebetsi ea 'mele e laoloang ke sistimi ea endocrine e kenyelletsa:
- metabolism
- kholo le kholo
- mosebetsi oa thobalano le ho hlahisa
- ho otla ha pelo
- khatello ea mali
- takatso ea lijo
- lipotoloho tsa ho robala le ho tsoha
- mocheso wa mmele
Litho tsa tsamaiso ea endocrine
Sisteme ea endocrine e entsoe ka marang-rang a rarahaneng a litšoelesa, e leng litho tse ntšang lintho.
Litšoelesa tsa sistimi ea endocrine ke moo lihormone li hlahisoang, li bolokoang le ho lokolloa teng. Tšoelesa e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e hlahisa hormone e le 'ngoe kapa ho feta, e tsoelang pele ho hlasela litho le lisele tse itseng mmeleng.
Litšoelesa tsa sistimi ea endocrine li kenyelletsa:
- Hypothalamus. Le ha batho ba bang ba sa e nke e le tšoelesa, hypothalamus e hlahisa lihormone tse ngata tse laolang tšoelesa ea pituitary. E boetse e kenya letsoho ho laoleng mesebetsi e mengata, ho kenyelletsa le lipotoloho tsa boroko, mocheso oa 'mele le takatso ea lijo. E ka laola le ts'ebetso ea litšoelesa tse ling tsa endocrine.
- Pituitary. Tšoelesa ea pituitary e ka tlase ho hypothalamus. Lihormone tseo e li hlahisang li ama kholo le tlhahiso. Li ka laola le ts'ebetso ea litšoelesa tse ling tsa endocrine.
- Pineal. Tšoelesa ena e fumanoa bohareng ba boko ba hao. Ke habohlokoa bakeng sa mekoloko ea hau ea ho robala.
- Thyroid. Tšoelesa ea qoqotho e karolong e ka pele ea molala oa hao. Ho bohlokoa haholo bakeng sa metabolism.
- Parathyroid. Hape, e ka pele molala oa hau, tšoelesa ea parathyroid e bohlokoa bakeng sa ho boloka taolo ea maemo a khalsiamo masapong a hao le maling.
- Thymus. E fumanehang torso e kaholimo, thymus e sebetsa ho fihlela bohlankaneng 'me e hlahisa lihormone tsa bohlokoa bakeng sa nts'etsopele ea mofuta oa sele e tšoeu ea mali e bitsoang T cell.
- Adrenal. Sefuba se le seng sa adrenal se ka fumanoa ka holim'a liphio ka seng. Litšoelesa tsena li hlahisa lihormone tse bohlokoa bakeng sa ho laola mesebetsi e kang khatello ea mali, lebelo la pelo le khatello ea maikutlo.
- Mekhanya. Manyeme a ka mpeng ea hau kamora mpa ea hau. Mosebetsi oa eona oa endocrine o kenyelletsa ho laola maemo a tsoekere maling.
Tse ling tsa litšoelesa tsa endocrine le tsona li na le mesebetsi e seng ea endocrine. Mohlala, mae a bomme le li-testes li hlahisa lihormone, empa li boetse li na le ts'ebetso e seng ea endocrine ea ho hlahisa mahe le peo, ka ho latellana.
Lihormone tsa sistimi ea Endocrine
Lihormone ke lik'hemik'hale tseo sistimi ea endocrine e li sebelisang ho romella melaetsa lithong le lithong tsohle 'meleng. Hang ha li lokolleloa maling, li ea sethoaneng sa tsona kapa liseleng, tse nang le li-receptor tse amohelang hormone.
Ka tlase ke mehlala e meng ea lihormone tse hlahisoang ke sistimi ea endocrine.
Hormone | Li-gland tse sireletsang | Mosebetsi |
adrenaline | adrenal | e eketsa khatello ea mali, lebelo la pelo le metabolism ho arabela khatello ea maikutlo |
aldosterone | adrenal | e laola tekanyo ea letsoai le metsi |
cortisol | adrenal | e bapala karolo ea karabelo ea khatello ea maikutlo |
dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA) | adrenal | lithuso tsa tlhahiso ea monko oa 'mele le kholo ea moriri oa' mele nakong ea bohlankana |
estrogen | mae a bomme | e sebetsa ho laola nako ea ho ilela khoeli, ho boloka bokhachane, le ho holisa litšobotsi tsa basali tsa thobalano; lithuso ho tlhahiso ea peō |
follicle e susumetsang li-hormone (FSH) | pituitary | e laola tlhahiso ea mahe le peo ea botona |
glucagon | manyeme | e thusa ho eketsa maemo a tsoekere ea mali |
insulin | manyeme | e thusa ho fokotsa maemo a tsoekere ea mali |
luteinizing hormone (LH) | pituitary | e laola tlhahiso ea estrogen le testosterone hammoho le ovulation |
melatonin | pituitary | e laola linako tsa ho robala le ho tsoha |
oxytocin | pituitary | e thusa ka ho anyesa, ho pepa le ho tlamahanya 'mè le ngoana |
hormone ea parathyroid | parathyroid | e laola maemo a khalsiamo masapong le maling |
projuse | mae a bomme | e thusa ho lokisetsa 'mele moimana ha lehe le emoloa |
prolactine | pituitary | e khothalletsa tlhahiso ea lebese la matsoele |
testosterone | ovary, teste, adrenal | e kenya letsoho ho khanneng thobalano le boima ba 'mele ho banna le basali hammoho le kholo ea litšobotsi tsa thobalano |
hormone ea qoqotho | qoqotho | thusa ho laola mesebetsi e mengata ea 'mele, ho kenyelletsa sekhahla sa metabolism le maemo a matla |
Setšoantšo sa sistimi ea Endocrine
Lekola setshwantsho sa 3-D se ka tlase ho ithuta haholoanyane ka sistimi ea endocrine.
Maemo a ka amang sistimi ea endocrine
Ka linako tse ling, li-hormone li ka ba holimo haholo kapa tsa ba tlase haholo. Ha sena se etsahala, se ka ba le litlamorao tse 'maloa bophelong ba hau. Matšoao le matšoao li ipapisitse le hormone e sa tsitsang.
Mona ho sheba maemo a mang a ka amang sistimi ea endocrine le ho fetola lihormone tsa hau.
Hyperthyroidism
Hyperthyroidism e etsahala ha tšoelesa ea hau ea qoqotho e etsa lihomone tsa qoqotho ho feta kamoo ho hlokahalang. Sena se ka bakoa ke mefuta e fapaneng ea lintho, ho kenyelletsa le maemo a ikemetseng.
Matšoao a mang a tloaelehileng a hyperthyroidism a kenyelletsa:
- mokgathala
- ho tshoha
- boima ba 'mele
- letšollo
- litaba tse mamellang mocheso
- lebelo le otlang pelo
- bothata ba ho robala
Kalafo e ipapisitse le hore na boemo bo bobe hakae, le sesosa sa ona. Khetho e kenyelletsa meriana, kalafo ea radioiodine, kapa ho buuoa.
Boloetse ba mabitla ke boloetse bo ikemetseng le mofuta o tloaelehileng oa hyperthyroidism. Ho batho ba nang le lefu la Graves, boits'ireletso ba mmele bo hlasela qoqotho, e etsang hore e hlahise hormone ea qoqotho e fetang e tloaelehileng.
Hypothyroidism
Hypothyroidism e etsahala ha qoqotho ea hau e sa hlahise hormone ea qoqotho e lekaneng. Joaloka hyperthyroidism, e na le lisosa tse ngata tse ka bang teng.
Matšoao a mang a tloaelehileng a hypothyroidism a kenyelletsa:
- mokgathala
- boima ba 'mele
- pipitlelano
- litaba tse mamellang serame
- letlalo le moriri o omeletseng
- ho otla ha pelo butle
- linako tse sa tloaelehang
- litaba tsa kemolo
Kalafo ea hypothyroidism e kenyelletsa ho tlatselletsa hormone ea hau ea qoqotho ka meriana.
Cushing lefu
Cushing syndrome e etsahala ka lebaka la li-hormone tse ngata tsa cortisol.
Matšoao a tloaelehileng a Cushing syndrome a kenyelletsa:
- boima ba 'mele
- mafura a bolokiloeng sefahlehong, bohareng ba maqhubu, kapa mahetleng
- otlolla matšoao, haholo-holo matsohong, liropeng le mpeng
- pholiso e liehang ea ho khaola, likhahla le ho longoa ke likokoanyana
- letlalo le lesesane le thinyehang ha bobebe
- linako tse sa tloaelehang
- ho fokotsa thobalano le thobalano ho banna
Kalafo e ipapisitse le sesosa sa boemo mme e ka kenyelletsa meriana, kalafo ea radiation, kapa ho buuoa.
Lefu la Addison
Lefu la Addison le etsahala ha litšoelesa tsa hau tsa adrenal li sa hlahise cortisol kapa aldosterone e lekaneng. Matšoao a mang a lefu la Addison a kenyelletsa:
- mokgathala
- boima ba 'mele
- bohloko ba mpeng
- tsoekere e tlase maling
- ho nyekeloa kapa ho hlatsa
- letšollo
- ho teneha kapele
- ho lakatsa letsoai kapa lijo tse letsoai
- linako tse sa tloaelehang
Kalafo ea lefu la Addison e kenyelletsa ho noa meriana e thusang ho nkela lihormone tseo 'mele oa hau o sa hlahiseng tse lekaneng.
Lefu la tsoekere
Lefu la tsoekere le bolela boemo boo ho lona maemo a tsoekere ea mali a sa laoloang hantle.
Batho ba nang le lefu la tsoekere ba na le tsoekere e ngata maling a bona (tsoekere e phahameng maling). Ho na le mefuta e 'meli ea lefu la tsoekere: lefu la tsoekere la mofuta oa 1 le mofuta oa 2 oa lefu la tsoekere.
Matšoao a mang a tloaelehileng a lefu la tsoekere a kenyelletsa:
- mokgathala
- boima ba 'mele
- tlala e eketsehileng kapa lenyora
- ho khothaletsa khafetsa ho ntša metsi
- ho teneha kapele
- tšoaetso khafetsa
Kalafo ea lefu la tsoekere e ka kenyelletsa ho lekola tsoekere maling, kalafo ea insulin le meriana. Liphetoho tsa bophelo, joalo ka ho ikoetlisa khafetsa le ho ja lijo tse nepahetseng, le tsona li ka thusa.
Ntlha ea bohlokoa
Sistimi ea endocrine ke pokello e rarahaneng ea litšoelesa le litho tse thusang ho laola mesebetsi e fapaneng ea 'mele. Sena se etsoa ka ho lokolloa ha lihormone, kapa man messengersosa a lik'hemik'hale a hlahisoang ke sistimi ea endocrine.