Sengoli: Lewis Jackson
Letsatsi La Creation: 8 Mots’Eanong 2021
Ntlafatsa Letsatsi: 20 December 2024
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Litaba

Tsoekere e bonolo ke mofuta oa k'habohaedreite. Li-carbohydrate ke e 'ngoe ea li-macronutrients tsa mantlha - tse ling tse peli ke protheine le mafura.

Tsoekere e bonolo e fumanoa ka tlhaho ho litholoana le lebese, kapa li ka hlahisoa khoebong ebe li eketsoa lijong ho natefisa, ho thibela ho senyeha kapa ho ntlafatsa sebopeho le sebopeho.

Sengoliloeng sena se hlalosa mefuta e fapaneng ea tsoekere e bonolo, hore na u ka e khetholla joang libaneng tsa lijo le hore na e ka ama bophelo ba hau joang.

Litapole Tse Bonolo Ke Life?

Li-carbs ke limolek'hule tse nang le limolek'hule tse le 'ngoe, tse habeli kapa tse ngata tsa tsoekere tse bitsoang saccharides ().

Li fana ka likhalori tse 'ne ka grama' me ke mohloli oa matla oa 'mele oa hao.

Ho na le mefuta e 'meli e meholo ea carbs: e bonolo ebile e rarahane. Phapang lipakeng tsa tsona e fumaneha palong ea limolek'hule tsa tsoekere tseo li nang le tsona.


Li-carb tse bonolo - tse tsejoang hape e le tsoekere e bonolo - li na le limolek'hule tse le 'ngoe kapa tse peli tsa tsoekere, athe li-carb tse rarahaneng li na le tse tharo kapa ho feta.

Tsoekere e bonolo e ka ba mono- kapa disaccharide.

Monosaccharides

Monosaccharides ke li-carb tse bonolo ka ho fetisisa, ka hore 'mele oa hau o ke ke oa li senya ho ea pele.

Sena se nolofalletsa 'mele oa hau ho li monya kapele le ha bonolo, ntle le fructose.

Ho na le mefuta e meraro ea monosaccharides ():

  • Tsoekere: Litholoana le meroho ke mehloli ea tlhaho ea tsoekere. E boetse e atisa ho fumanoa ka li-syrups, lipompong, mahe a linotši, lino tsa lipapali le li-dessert.
  • Fructose: Mohloli oa mantlha oa phepo ea tlhaho ea fructose ke litholoana, ke ka hona fructose e tsejoang hangata e le tsoekere ea litholoana.
  • Galactose: Mohloli o ka sehloohong oa lijo tsa galactose ke lactose, tsoekere e lebeseng le lihlahisoa tsa lebese, joalo ka chisi, botoro le yogurt.

Disaccharides

Disaccharides e na le limolek'hule tse peli tsa tsoekere - kapa monosaccharides tse peli - tse kopantsoeng hammoho.


'Mele oa hau o tlameha ho arola li-monosaccharides tse tlamiloeng pele li ka kenella.

Hona le mefuta e meraro ea li-disaccharides ():

  • Sucrose (tsoekere + fructose): Sucrose - eo hangata e bitsoang tsoekere ea tafoleng - ke senate sa tlhaho se tsoang 'moba kapa beet. E kenyelletsoa lijong nakong ea ts'ebetso mme e hlaha ka tlhaho ho litholoana le meroho.
  • Lactose (tsoekere + galactose): E boetse e tsejoa e le tsoekere ea lebese, lactose e fumanoa lebeseng le lihlahisoa tsa lebese.
  • Maltose (tsoekere + tsoekere): Maltose e fumanoa ka lino tse tahang, tse kang biri le joala ba 'mela.
Kakaretso

Tsoekere e bonolo e na le molek'hule e le 'ngoe kapa tse peli tsa tsoekere. K'habohaedreite e nang le molek'hule e le 'ngoe ea tsoekere e bitsoa monosaccharide, athe e nang le limolek'hule tse peli tsa tsoekere tse kopantsoeng ke disaccharide.

Litapole tse ngata haholo li ka senya bophelo ba hau

Ho batho ba bangata, lentsoe "tsoekere" le na le moelelo o mobe.

Lijo tse ngata tse nang le limatlafatsi, tse kang litholoana le meroho, ka tlhaho li na le tsoekere 'me ha lia lokela ho qojoa kaha li thusa bophelo ba hau.


Ka lehlakoreng le leng, tsoekere e ekelitsoeng - joalo ka lino-mapholi tse tsoekere, lipompong le li-dessert - e ka tlatsetsa mathateng a mangata a bophelo bo botle.

Tsoekere e eketsehileng e 'nile ea amahanngoa le ho phahama ha botenya, lefu la pelo le kotsi e kholo ea mofetše.

E Amanang le Botenya

Botenya bo ama batho ba baholo ba ka bang 40% ho la Amerika ().

E amahanngoa le likotsi tse tebileng tsa bophelo bo botle ho kenyelletsa lefu la tsoekere, lefu la pelo le mofetše.

Ho phaella moo, botenya bo theko e boima haholo ho bo phekola. Ha ho bapisoa le batho ba boima bo phetseng hantle, batho ba nang le botenya ba senya lidolara tse likete selemo se seng le se seng ho tsa bophelo bo botle ().

Sena se beha moroalo o moholo oa moruo ho motho ka mong, ho malapa, le ho balekhetho ().

Lebaka la ho nona haholo ho phehisanoa khang haholo ebile e le lintho tse ngata tse fapaneng ka tlhaho, empa ho nahanoa hore ho ja haholo-holo ka tsoekere e eketsehileng ho bapala karolo e kholo (,).

Tsoekere e ekelitsoeng e fana ka likhalori tse eketsehileng lijong tsa hau, tse ka lebisang ho nona ha nako e ntse e feta.

Tatso e monate le tatso e bonolo li ka etsa hore ho be bonolo ho fetella ho ja tsoekere e ekelitsoeng ha ho bapisoa le limatlafatsi tse ling, ho eketsa menyetla ea ho nona (,,,).

E kanna ea Khothaletsa Mafu a Pelo

Lefu la pelo ke sesosa se ka sehloohong sa lefu United States mme e bile lilemong tse mashome a seng makae tse fetileng ().

Hangata e bakoa ke atherosclerosis - boemo boo ho lona letlapa le hahoang maboteng a ka hare a methapo ea mali e lebisang pelong ea hau, e etsa hore e be mosesane le ho thatafala. Sena se fokotsa phallo ea mali, e ka lebisang tlhaselong ea pelo (,).

Liphuputso tse 'maloa li bontšitse hore ho fumana likhalori tse ngata haholo ho tsoa tsoekere e ekelitsoeng ho ka lebisa ho triglycerides e phahameng - e tsejoang e le kotsi ea lefu la pelo (,,,).

Phuputso e 'ngoe e fumane hore batho ba fumaneng 10-25% ea likhalori tsa bona ho tsoa ho tsoekere e ekelitsoeng ba na le monyetla oa hore ba bolaoe ke lefu la pelo ka 30% ha ba bapisoa le ba fumaneng likhalori tse ka tlase ho 10% ho tsoa ho tsoekere e ekelitsoeng ().

Ho feta moo, kotsi eo e batla e imenne habeli ho ba fumaneng li-calories tse fetang 25% ho tsoa tsoekere e ekelitsoeng.

E ka Eketsa Kotsi ea Kankere

Lik'halori tse ngata tse tsoang ho tsoekere e ekelitsoeng li ka eketsa ho ruruha le khatello ea mali.

Ho ruruha le khatello ea mali e ea hlokahala bakeng sa bophelo bo botle, empa ho feta haholo ho ka baka mafu le maemo a 'maloa, ho kenyeletsoa mofetše (,,).

Liphuputso tse ngata li tlalehile matšoao a phahameng a ho ruruha - ka mohlala, protheine ea C-e sebetsang le uric acid - ka ho ja tsoekere e eketsehileng (,,).

Ho boetse ho nahanoa hore tsoekere e ekelitsoeng e eketsa kotsi ea mofets'e ka ho phahamisa lihormone tse itseng, empa litlamorao ha li e-so utloisisoe hantle (,,).

Kakaretso

Tsoekere e eketsehileng e 'nile ea amahanngoa le botenya. Ho feta moo, li ka khothaletsa lefu la pelo mme tsa eketsa menyetla ea ho ba le mofetše.

Mokhoa oa ho khetholla tsoekere e ekelitsoeng ho li-labels tsa lijo

U ka fumana tsoekere e tlatsellelitsoeng mefuteng e fapaneng ea lijo - esita le tseo u ka 'nang ua nahana hore li monate, joalo ka ketchup, bohobe le linaoa tse halikiloeng ka makotikoting.

Ho boletse joalo, mehloli ea mantlha ea tsoekere e ekelitsoeng ke lino tse tsoekere tse tsoekere, lipompong, li-dessert, ice cream le lijo-thollo tse tsoekere ().

Sheba karolo ea lintlha tsa phepo e nepahetseng sehlahisoa sa lijo ho fumana hore na e na le ligrama tse kae tsa tsoekere e ekelitsoeng.

Ho tloha khale, mangolo a lijo a ne a sa khetholle tsoekere ea tlhaho kapa e ekelitsoeng. Sena se entse hore ho be thata ho tseba hore na o nkile tsoekere e kae.

Ka 2020, leha ho le joalo, Tsamaiso ea Lijo le Lithethefatsi (FDA) e laetse hore bahlahisi ba tlameha ho thathamisa tsoekere e ekelitsoeng ka ligrama mme e le liperesente tsa Daily Value (DV) ho mangolo a lijo ().

Likhamphani tse ngata tse kholo tsa lijo li se li sebelisitse, ho etsa hore ho be bonolo ho lekola tsoekere e ekelitsoeng ea lihlahisoa.

American Heart Association e khothaletsa hore basali le banna ba fumane tlase ho ligrama tse 25 le ligrama tse 38 tsa tsoekere e ekelitsoeng ka letsatsi ho tsoa lijong tsa bona, ka ho latellana ().

Ho fumana tse fetang chelete ena ho etsa hore ho be thata ho fihlela litlhoko tsa hau tsa limatlafatsi ha o ntse o lula meeling ea hau ea likhalori tsa letsatsi le letsatsi ().

Ho bala lenane la metsoako ea lijo ho ka u thusa ho khetholla tsoekere e eketsehileng.

Mabitso a tsoekere e kenyellelitsoeng a kenyelletsa:

  • Anhydrous dextrose
  • Tsoekere e sootho
  • Li-confectioners tsoekere e phofshoana
  • Sirapo ea poone
  • Sirapo ea poone e phahameng ea fructose (HCFS)
  • Moratuoa
  • Sirapo ea maple
  • Molasses
  • Peō e tsoang
  • Tsoekere e sa tsoakoang

Li-Labels li thathamisa metsoako ea ho theoha ha boholo ba boima ba 'mele, ka metsoako e sebelisitsoeng ka bongata bo boholo pele, e lateloe ke tse nyane.

Sena se bolela hore haeba sehlahisoa se thathamisa tsoekere e le sesebelisoa sa pele, oa tseba hore e na le tsoekere ho feta eng kapa eng.

Kakaretso

O ka tseba tsoekere e ekelitsoeng ka ho sheba leibole ea lijo le ho bala lenane la metsoako. Ho fokotsa lik'halori tsa hau ho tsoa tsoekere e ekelitsoeng ho ka u thusa ho fihlela litlhoko tsa hau tsa limatlafatsi ha u ntse u lula meeling ea hau ea likhalori tsa letsatsi le letsatsi.

Lebaka Leo ka Lona U sa Lokelang ho Tšaba Lirute Tse Bonolo

Ha ho potang hore tsoekere e ka ba kotsi bophelong ba hau ha e nooa ho feta tekano.

Empa, tsoekere ke karolo e le 'ngoe feela ea lijo tsa hau. Ke bothoto ho e etsa feela e ikarabellang bakeng sa botenya le mafu a mang le maemo sechabeng sa kajeno ().

Phuputso e fana ka maikutlo a hore tsoekere e ba mathata ho bophelo ba hau ha e na le lijo tse ngata haholo kapa haeba o fumana likhalori tse ngata ho feta tseo o li hlokang ho tsoa tsoekere (,,,).

Ho fokotsa tsoekere e tlatsellelitsoeng ka lino-mapholi tse tsoekere, lipompong le lijong tse tsoekere ho bohlokoa molemong oa bophelo bo botle, empa ho se be le sengoathoana sa kuku kapa ho sebeletsa ice-cream eo u e ratang ha se mokhoa o nepahetseng. Ha e tšoarelle, e monate kapa e bohlokoa bakeng sa bophelo bo botle ba hau.

Ntle le moo, tsoekere e bonolo e fumanoa ka tlhaho lijong tse fapaneng tse phetseng hantle, tse kang litholoana, meroho le lebese. Lijo tsena li tlisa limatlafatsi tse ling tsa bohlokoa lijong tsa hau, joalo ka livithamini, liminerale, li-antioxidants le faeba.

Kakaretso

Tsoekere e kotsi bophelong ba hau ha e etsa lijo tse ngata haholo kapa u fumana likhalori tse ngata ho tsoa tsoekere. Ka hona, ho fokotsa empa u sa qobe tsoekere ka ho felletseng - haholo-holo tsoekere e ekelitsoeng - ho bohlokoa molemong oa bophelo ba hau.

Ntlha ea Bohlokoa

Tsoekere e bonolo ke carbs e nang le e le 'ngoe (monosaccharide) kapa tse peli (disaccharide) limolek'hule tsa tsoekere.

Lijo tse ngata tse phetseng hantle joaloka litholoana le meroho ka tlhaho li na le tsoekere 'me ha lia lokela ho qojoa kaha li thusa bophelo ba hau. Leha ho le joalo, tsoekere e fetelletseng e hokahane le botenya le ho eketsa lefu la pelo le kotsi ea mofetše.

U ka fumana hore na sehlahisoa se na le tsoekere e kae ka ho sheba karolo ea lintlha tsa phepo kapa ho bala lenane la metsoako.

Leha e na le litlamorao tse mpe tseo tsoekere e ka bang le tsona bophelong ba hau, o ka li ja ka tekano hape e le karolo ea phepo e nepahetseng ka kakaretso.

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