Pancytopenia ke eng, matšoao le lisosa tse ka sehloohong

Litaba

• Matšoao a mantlha
• Lisosa tsa pancytopenia
• Ho fumanoa joang
• Kalafo e etsoa joang

Pancytopenia e tšoana le ho fokotseha ha lisele tsohle tsa mali, ke hore, ke ho fokotseha ha palo ea lisele tse khubelu tsa mali, li-leukocyte le liplatelete, tse bakang matšoao le matšoao a kang pallor, mokhathala, matetetso, ho tsoa mali, feberu le tšekamelo ea tšoaetso.

E ka hlaha ka lebaka la phokotso ea tlhahiso ea lisele ke moko oa masapo, ka lebaka la maemo a kang khaello ea vithamine, mafu a liphatsa tsa lefutso, leukemia kapa leishmaniasis, hape le ka ho senngoa ha lisele tsa mali maling, ka lebaka la boits'ireletso ba mmele kapa mafu a hlasimollang a ketso. ea spleen, mohlala.

Kalafo ea pancytopenia e lokela ho etsoa ho latela tataiso ea ngaka e akaretsang kapa hematologist ho latela sesosa sa pancytopenia, e ka kenyelletsang ts'ebeliso ea corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, lithibela-mafu, litšelo tsa mali, kapa ho tlosoa ha spleen, mohlala, li bontšoa feela ho latela litlhoko tsa mokuli ka mong.

Matšoao a mantlha

Matšoao a pancytopenia a amana le phokotso ea lisele tse khubelu tsa mali, leukocyte le liplatelete maling, tse kholo e le:

Ho ipapisitse le nyeoe, ho kanna ha ba le matšoao a bakoang ke lefu le bakang pancytopenia, joalo ka mpa e holisitsoeng ka lebaka la spleen e holisitsoeng, lymph node tse atolositsoeng, ho senyeha hoa masapo kapa liphetoho letlalong, mohlala.

Lisosa tsa pancytopenia

Pancytopenia e ka etsahala ka lebaka la maemo a mabeli: ha moko oa masapo o sa hlahise lisele tsa mali ka nepo kapa ha moko oa masapo o hlahisa hantle empa lisele li senyeha maling. Lisosa tse ka sehloohong tsa pancytopenia ke:

• Ts'ebeliso ea lithethefatsi tse chefo, joalo ka lithibela-mafu tse ling, chemotherapy, li-anti-depressing, li-anticonvulsants le litlamorao;
• Liphello tsa mahlaseli a kotsi kapa lik'hemik'hale, mohlala, benzene kapa DDT;
• Khaello ea vithamine B12 kapa folic acid lijong;
• Maloetse a lefutso, joalo ka khaello ea mali ea Fanconi, congenital dyskeratosis kapa lefu la Gaucher;
• Mathata a moko oa masapo, joalo ka lefu la myelodysplastic, myelofibrosis kapa paroxysmal hemoglobinuria;
• Ho itšireletsa mafung, joalo ka lupus, Sjögren's syndrome kapa autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome;
• Maloetse a tšoaetsanoang, joalo ka leishmaniasis, brucellosis, lefuba kapa HIV;
• Kankere, joalo ka leukemia, myeloma e mengata, myelofibrosis kapa metastasis ea mefuta e meng ea mofets'e ho ea mokong.
• Maloetse a susumetsang tšebetso ea spleen le lisele tsa 'mele tse sireletsang mmele ho senya lisele tsa mali, joalo ka lefu la ho thatafala ha sebete, mafu a myeloproliferative le hemophagocytic syndromes.

Ntle le moo, mafu a tšoaetsanoang a hlobaetsang a bakoang ke libaktheria kapa livaerase, joalo ka cytomegalovirus (CMV), a ka tsosa ts'oaetso e matla ea boits'ireletso 'meleng, e khonang ho senya lisele tsa mali ka tsela e bohloko nakong ea ts'oaetso.

Ho fumanoa joang

Ho fumanoa ha pancytopenia ho etsoa ka palo e felletseng ea mali, moo ho hlahlojoang litekanyetso tsa lisele tse khubelu tsa mali, leukocyte le liplatelete tse fokotsehileng maling. Leha ho le joalo, ho bohlokoa hape ho tseba sesosa se lebisitseng ho pancytopenia, e lokelang ho etsoa ka ho lekola ngaka kapa hematologist ka ho sheba nalane ea bongaka le tlhahlobo ea 'mele e etsoang ho mokuli. Ntle le moo, liteko tse ling li ka khothaletsoa ho tseba sesosa sa pancytopenia, joalo ka:

• Sesepa sa tšepe, ferritin, ho fetisoa ha transferrin le palo ea reticulocyte;
• Tekanyo ea vithamine B12 le folic acid;
• Patlisiso ea tšoaetso;
• Boemo ba ho qhekella mali;
• Liteko tsa boits'ireletso, joalo ka li-Coombs tse tobileng;
• Myelogram, eo moko oa masapo o lakatsang ho fumana leseli le eketsehileng ka semelo sa lisele sebakeng sena. Lekola hore myelogram e etsoa joang le hore na e bonts'oa neng;
• Bone marrow biopsy, e lekolang likarolo tsa lisele, boteng ba ho kenella ka lebaka la mofetše kapa mafu a mang le fibrosis. Fumana hore na biopsy ea moko oa masapo e etsoa joang le hore na e etselitsoe eng.

Liteko tse ikhethileng li ka boela tsa laeloa bakeng sa lefu leo ​​ngaka e le belaellang, joalo ka immunoelectrophoresis bakeng sa myeloma kapa setso sa moko oa masapo ho khetholla mafu, joalo ka leishmaniasis, mohlala.

Kalafo e etsoa joang

Kalafo ea pancytopenia e tataisoa ke hematologist ho latela sesosa sa eona, mme e kanna ea kenyelletsa ts'ebeliso ea lithethefatsi tse itšireletsang mafung, joalo ka Methylprednisolone kapa Prednisone, kapa li-immunosuppressants, joalo ka Cyclosporine, maemong a mafu a itšireletsang mafung kapa a ho ruruha. Ntle le moo, haeba pancytopenia e bakoa ke mofetše, kalafo e ka kenyelletsa ho kenyelletsa 'moko oa masapo.

Tabeng ea tšoaetso, kalafo e ikhethang e bontšoa bakeng sa kokoana-hloko e ngoe le e ngoe, joalo ka lithibela-mafu, li-antivirals kapa li-antimonials tsa pentavalent tabeng ea leishmaniasis, mohlala. Hase kamehla ho tšeloang mali, empa ho ka hlokahala maemong a boima a hlokang ho fola kapele, ho latela lebaka.