Tlhahlobo ea Neurological

Litaba

• Tlhahlobo ea methapo ke eng?
• E sebelisetsoa eng?
• Hobaneng ha ke hloka tlhahlobo ea methapo?
• Ho etsahalang nakong ea tlhahlobo ea methapo?
• Na ho na le seo ke tla hloka ho se etsa ho itokisetsa tlhahlobo ea methapo?
• Na ho na le likotsi tsa tlhatlhobo?
• Liphetho li bolelang?
• Na ho na le eng kapa eng eo ke hlokang ho e tseba ka tlhahlobo ea methapo?
• Litšupiso

Tlhahlobo ea methapo ke eng?

Tlhahlobo ea methapo e hlahloba mathata a tsamaiso ea methapo e bohareng. Sisteme ea methapo e bohareng e entsoe ka boko ba hau, lesapo la mokokotlo le methapo e tsoang libakeng tsena. E laola le ho hokahanya tsohle tseo o li etsang, ho kenyeletsoa ho sisinyeha ha mesifa, ts'ebetso ea setho, esita le monahano o rarahaneng le moralo.

Ho na le mefuta e fetang 600 ea mathata a tsamaiso ea methapo e bohareng. Mathata a atileng haholo a kenyelletsa:

• Lefu la Parkinson
• Multiple sclerosis
• Meningitis
• Sethoathoa
• Leqeba
• Ho tšoaroa ke hlooho ea migraine

Tlhahlobo ea methapo e entsoe ka letoto la liteko. Liteko li hlahloba botsitso ba hau, matla a mesifa le mesebetsi e meng ea sistimi ea methapo e bohareng.

Mabitso a mang: tlhahlobo ea neuro

E sebelisetsoa eng?

Ho hlahlojoa methapo ea kutlo ho sebelisetsoa ho fumana hore na o na le bothata ba tsamaiso ea methapo. Ho hlahlojoa kapele ho ka u thusa ho fumana kalafo e nepahetseng mme ho ka fokotsa mathata a nako e telele.

Hobaneng ha ke hloka tlhahlobo ea methapo?

U kanna oa hloka tlhahlobo ea methapo haeba u na le matšoao a lefu la methapo. Matšoao a fapana ho latela bothata, empa matšoao a tloaelehileng a kenyelletsa:

• Ho opeloa ke hlooho
• Mathata ka botsitso le / kapa khokahano
• Ho ba bohatsu matsohong le / kapa maotong
• Pono e lerootho
• Liphetoho ho kutlo le / kapa bokhoni ba hau ba ho fofonela
• Liphetoho boitšoarong
• Puo e sa hlakang
• Pherekano kapa liphetoho tse ling ho bokhoni ba kelello
• Bofokoli
• Ho oa
• Mokhathala
• Feberu

Ho etsahalang nakong ea tlhahlobo ea methapo?

Hangata tlhahlobo ea methapo e etsoa ke ngaka ea methapo. Ngaka ea methapo ke ngaka e sebetsanang le ho hlahloba le ho phekola mathata a boko le lesapo la mokokotlo. Nakong ea tlhahlobo, ngaka ea hau ea methapo e tla leka mesebetsi e fapaneng ea sistimi ea methapo. Litlhahlobo tse ngata tsa methapo li kenyelletsa liteko tsa tse latelang:

• Boemo ba kelello. Ngaka ea hau ea methapo kapa mofani e mong o tla u botsa lipotso tse akaretsang, joalo ka letsatsi, sebaka le nako. U kanna ua kopuoa ho etsa mesebetsi. Tsena li ka kenyelletsa ho hopola lenane la lintho, ho reha lintho, le ho taka libopeho tse itseng.
• Khokahano le teka-tekano. Ngaka ea hau ea methapo e ka 'na ea u botsa hore u tsamaee ka ho otloloha, u behe leoto le leng ka ho toba ka pel'a le leng. Liteko tse ling li ka kenyelletsa ho koala mahlo le ho ama nko ea hau ka monoana oa hau oa letsoho.
• Menahano. Reflex ke karabelo e iketsang ea ts'usumetso. Li-reflexes li lekoa ka ho tlanya likarolo tse fapaneng tsa 'mele ka hamore e nyane ea rabara. Haeba likhakanyo li tloaelehile, 'mele oa hau o tla tsamaea ka tsela e' ngoe ha o kentsoe ka hamore. Nakong ea tlhahlobo ea methapo, ngaka ea methapo e ka tšoaea libaka tse 'maloa' meleng oa hau, ho kenyeletsoa ka tlasa lengole la hao le libaka tse haufi le setsoe le maqaqailana.
• Maikutlo. Ngaka ea hau ea methapo e tla ama maoto, matsoho le / kapa likarolo tse ling tsa 'mele ka lisebelisoa tse fapaneng. Tsena li ka kenyelletsa fereko ea tokiso, nale e lerootho, le / kapa li-swabs tsa joala. O tla kopuoa ho khetholla maikutlo a joalo ka mocheso, mohatsela le bohloko.
• Metsing ea Cranial. Tsena ke methapo e hokahanyang boko ba hao le mahlo, litsebe, nko, sefahleho, leleme, molala, 'metso, mahetla a kaholimo le litho tse ling. U na le lipara tse 12 tsa methapo ena. Ngaka ea hau ea methapo e tla leka methapo e ikhethang ho latela matšoao a hau. Ho etsa liteko ho ka kenyelletsa ho khetholla monko o itseng, ho ntša leleme la hau le ho leka ho bua, le ho tsamaisa hlooho ho tloha lehlakoreng le leng. U ka fumana liteko tsa kutlo le pono.
• Tsamaiso ea methapo ea boithaopo. Ona ke mokhoa o laolang mesebetsi ea mantlha e kang ho hema, ho otla ha pelo, khatello ea mali le mocheso oa 'mele. Ho leka sistimi ena, ngaka ea hau ea methapo kapa mofani e mong a ka hlahloba khatello ea mali, ho otla ha pelo le ho otla ha pelo ha u ntse u lutse, u eme, le / kapa u rapaletse. Liteko tse ling li ka kenyelletsa ho lekola barutoana ba hau ho latela khanya le teko ea bokhoni ba hau ba ho fufuleloa ka mokhoa o tloaelehileng.

Na ho na le seo ke tla hloka ho se etsa ho itokisetsa tlhahlobo ea methapo?

Ha o hloke litokisetso tse khethehileng bakeng sa tlhahlobo ea methapo.

Na ho na le likotsi tsa tlhatlhobo?

Ha ho na kotsi ea ho hlahlojoa ke methapo.

Liphetho li bolelang?

Haeba sephetho karolong efe kapa efe ea tlhatlhobo se ne se sa tloaeleha, ngaka ea hau ea methapo e kanna ea laela liteko tse ling ho thusa ho e hlahloba. Liteko tsena li ka kenyelletsa e le 'ngoe kapa tse' maloa ho tse latelang:

• Liteko tsa mali le / kapa tsa moroto
• Ho nahana ka liteko tse kang x-ray kapa MRI
• Teko ea cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). CSF ke mokelikeli o hlakileng o teelang boko ba hao le mokokotlo mokokotlong. Teko ea CSF e nka sampole e nyane ea mokelikeli ona.
• Tlhaho. Ena ke ts'ebetso e tlosang karoloana e nyane ea liteko ho ea pele.
• Liteko, joalo ka electroencephalography (EEG) le electromyography (EMG), e sebelisang li-sensors tse nyane tsa motlakase ho lekanya ts'ebetso ea boko le ts'ebetso ea methapo.

Haeba u na le lipotso mabapi le liphetho tsa hau, bua le ngaka ea hau ea methapo kapa mofani e mong oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo.

Na ho na le eng kapa eng eo ke hlokang ho e tseba ka tlhahlobo ea methapo?

Mathata a tsamaiso ea methapo le mathata a bophelo bo botle ba kelello a ka ba le matšoao a tšoanang kapa a tšoanang. Ke hobane matšoao a mang a boits'oaro e ka ba matšoao a ts'oaetso ea sistimi ea methapo. Haeba u ne u e-na le tlhahlobo ea bophelo bo botle ba kelello e neng e sa tloaeleha, kapa haeba u hlokomela liphetoho boitšoarong ba hau, mofani oa hau a ka khothaletsa tlhahlobo ea methapo.

Litšupiso

1. Case Western Western School of Medicine [Marang-rang]. Cleveland (OH): Case Western Reserve University; c2013. Tlhatlhobo e akaretsang ea Neurological [e ntlafalitsoeng 2007 Feb 25; ho qotsitsoe 2019 ka la 30 Mots'eanong]; [li-skrini tse ka bang 3]. E fumaneha ho tsoa ho: http://casemed.case.edu/clerkships/neurology/NeurLrngObjectives/Leigh%20Neuro%20Exam.htm
2. InformedHealth.org [Inthanete]. Cologne, Jeremane: Setsi sa Boleng le Katleho ho Tlhokomelo ea Bophelo (IQWiG); Ho etsahalang nakong ea tlhahlobo ea methapo ?; 2016 Pherekhong 27 [e qotsitsoeng ka la 2019 Mots'eanong 30]; [li-skrini tse ka bang 3]. E fumaneha ho tsoa ho: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK348940
3. Liteko tsa Lab Marang-rang [Inthaneteng]. Washington DC; Mokhatlo oa Amerika oa Clinical Chemistry; c2001–2019. Tlhatlhobo ea Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) [e ntlafalitsoeng ka la 2019 Mots'eanong 13; e qotsitsoeng ka la 2019 Mots'eanong 30]; [li-skrini tse ka bang 2]. E fumaneha ho tsoa ho: https://labtestsonline.org/tests/cerebrospinal-fluid-csf-analysis
4. Mokhatlo oa Naha oa Kankere [Inthanete]. Bethesda (MD): Lefapha la Bophelo le Litšebeletso tsa Botho la U.S. Bukana ea Tlhatlhobo ea Kankere ea NCI: biopsy [e qotsitsoeng ka la 2019 Mots'eanong 30]; [li-skrini tse ka bang 3]. E fumaneha ho tsoa ho: https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-terms/search?contains=false&q=biopsy
5. Phetolelo ea Merck Manual Consumer [Inthanete]. Kenilworth (NJ): Merck & Co Inc .; c2019. Kenyelletso ho Brain, Spinal Cord, le Matšoao a Metsing [e ntlafalitsoeng ka 2109 Feb; ho qotsitsoe 2019 ka la 30 Mots'eanong]; [li-skrini tse ka bang 2]. E fumaneha ho tsoa ho: -matšoao-a-boko, -e mokokotlo-thapo, -le-methapo-mafu
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8. Uddin MS, Al Mamun A, Asaduzzaman M, Hosn F, Abu Sofian M, Takeda S, Herrera-Calderon O, Abel-Daim, MM, Udin GMS, Noor MAA, Begum MM, Kabir MT, Zaman S, Sarwar MS,,. Rahman MM, Rafe MR, Hossain MF, Hossain MS, Ashraful Iqbal M, Sujan MAR. Spectrum of Disease and Prescription Pattern for Outpatients with Neurological Disorder: Phuputso e Matlafatsang ea Lifofane ho la Bangladesh. Ann Neurosci [Inthanete]. 2018 Apr [e qotsitsoeng ka la 2019 Mots'eanong 30]; 25 (1): 25-37. E fumaneha ho tsoa ho: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5981591
9. UHealth: Univesithi ea Utah [Inthanete]. Salt Lake City: Univesithi ea Utah Bophelo; c2018. Na u lokela ho bona ngaka ea methapo? [e qotsitsoeng ka la 30 Mots'eanong 30]; [li-skrini tse ka bang 3]. E fumaneha ho tsoa ho: https://healthcare.utah.edu/neurosciences/neurology/neurologist.php
10. Setsi sa Bongaka sa Rochester [Internet]. Rochester (NY): Setsi sa Bongaka sa Univesithi ea Rochester; c2019. Health Encyclopedia: Tlhahlobo ea Neurological [e qotsitsoeng ka la 2019 Mots'eanong 30]; [li-skrini tse ka bang 2]. E fumaneha ho tsoa ho: https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content.aspx?contenttypeid=85&contentid=P00780
11. Bophelo ba UW [Marang-rang]. Madison (WI): Univesithi ea Wisconsin Lipetlele le Bolaoli ba Litleliniki; c2019. Tlhahisoleseling ea Bophelo: Sistimi ea Boko le Matšoafo [e ntlafalitsoeng 2018 Phato 19; e qotsitsoeng ka la 2019 Mots'eanong 30]; [li-skrini tse ka bang 2]. E fumaneha ho tsoa ho: https://www.uwhealth.org/health/topic/conditioncenter/brain-and-nervous-system/center1005.html

Tlhahisoleseling e fumanehang sebakeng sena sa marang-rang ha ea lokela ho sebelisoa ho nka sebaka sa tlhokomelo ea bongaka le likeletso. Ikopanye le mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo haeba u na le lipotso ka bophelo ba hau.