Na U Lokela ho Qoba Litlhapi ka Lebaka la Mercury?

Litaba

• Hobaneng ha Mercury e le Bothata
• Litlhapi Tse Ling li Holimo haholo ka Mercury
• Ho bokella Litlhapi le Batho
• Liphello Tse Mpe Tsa Bophelo
• Batho ba Bang ba Kotsing e Kholo
• Ntlha ea Bohlokoa

Tlhapi ke e 'ngoe ea lijo tse phetseng hantle ka ho fetisisa tseo u ka li jang.

Ke hobane ke mohloli o moholo oa protheine, micronutrients, le mafura a phetseng hantle.

Leha ho le joalo, mefuta e meng ea litlhapi e ka ba le mercury e phahameng, e leng chefo.

Ebile, ho pepeseha ha mercury ho hokahane le mathata a tebileng a bophelo bo botle.

Sengoliloeng sena se u joetsa hore na u lokela ho qoba ho tšoasa litlhapi ka lebaka la ts'ilafalo e ka bang teng ea mercury.

Hobaneng ha Mercury e le Bothata

Mercury ke tšepe e boima e fumanoang ka tlhaho moeeng, metsing le mobung.

E lokolloa tikolohong ka litsela tse 'maloa, ho kenyelletsa ka lits'ebetso tsa indasteri joalo ka ho chesa mashala kapa liketsahalo tsa tlhaho joalo ka ho phatloha.

Mefuta e meraro ea mantlha e teng - elemental (metallic), inorganic, le organic ().

Batho ba ka pepesetsoa chefo ena ka litsela tse ngata, joalo ka ho phefumoloha mouoane oa mercury nakong ea mosebetsi oa merafo le oa indasteri.

U ka boela ua pepesoa ka ho ja litlhapi le likhetla hobane liphoofolo tsena li monya mercury e tlase ka lebaka la ts'ilafalo ea metsi.

Ha nako e ntse e ea, methylmercury - mofuta oa manyolo - e ka tsepamisa mohopolo 'meleng ea bona.

Methylmercury e chefo haholo, e baka mathata a tebileng a bophelo ha e fihla maemong a itseng 'meleng oa hau.

Mercury ke tšepe e boima e hlahang ka tlhaho. E ka ipokella 'meleng ea litlhapi ka mofuta oa methylmercury, e chefo haholo.

Litlhapi Tse Ling li Holimo haholo ka Mercury

Palo ea mercury litlhaping le lijong tse ling tsa leoatleng e latela mofuta le maemo a ts'ilafalo tikolohong ea ona.

Phuputso e 'ngoe ho tloha 1998 ho isa 2005 e fumane hore 27% ea litlhapi tse tsoang melatsoaneng e 291 ho potoloha United States li na le tse fetang moeli o khothalletsoang (2).

Phuputso e 'ngoe e fumane hore karolo ea boraro ea litlhapi tse ts'oeroeng lebopong la New Jersey li na le mekhahlelo ea mercury e phahameng ho feta likarolo tsa 0.5 ho milione (ppm) - boemo bo ka bakang mathata a bophelo bo botle ho batho ba jang tlhapi ena khafetsa ().

Ka kakaretso, litlhapi tse kholo le tse phetseng nako e telele li na le mercury ().

Tsena li kenyelletsa shark, swordfish, tuna e ncha, marlin, king mackerel, tilefish e tsoang Koung ea Mexico le pike e ka leboea ().

Litlhapi tse kholo li tloaetse ho ja litlhapi tse nyane tse ngata, tse nang le mercury e nyane. Kaha ha e ntšoe habonolo 'meleng ea bona, maemo a bokellana ha nako e ntse e tsamaea. Ts'ebetso ena e tsejoa e le bioaccumulation ().

Maemo a Mercury litlhaping a lekantsoe joalo ka likarolo ho milione (ppm). Mona ke maemo a karolelano ka mefuta e fapaneng ea litlhapi le lijo tsa leoatleng, ho tloha holimo ho isa tlase ():

• Swordfish: 0.995 ppm
• Shaka: 0.979 ppm
• King mackerel: 0.730 ppm
• Tuna ea Bigeye: 0.689 ppm
• Marlin: 0.485 ppm
• Tuna ea makotikoting 0.128 ppm
• Cod: 0.111 ppm
• Lobster ea Amerika: 0,07 ppm
• Litlhapi tse tšoeu 0.089 ppm
• Herring: 0.084 ppm
• Hake: 0.079 ppm
• Trout: 0.071 ppm
• Lekhala: 0.065 ppm
• Haddock: 0.055 ppm
• E soeufatsa: 0.051 ppm
• Mackerel ea Atlantic: 0.050 ppm
• Tlhapi ea cray: 0.035 ppm
• Pollock: 0.031 ppm
• Catfish: 0.025 ppm
• Squid: 0.023 ppm
• Salemone: 0.022 ppm
• Li-anchovies: 0.017 ppm
• Litlhapi 0.013 ppm
• Li-Oyster: 0.012 ppm
• Scallops: 0.003 ppm
• Shrimp: 0.001 ppm

Mefuta e fapaneng ea litlhapi le lijo tse ling tsa leoatleng li na le mefuta e fapaneng ea mercury. Litlhapi tse kholo le tse phela nako e telele hangata li na le maemo a phahameng.

Ho bokella Litlhapi le Batho

Ho ja litlhapi le likhetla ke mohloli o moholo oa ponahalo ea mercury bathong le liphoofolong. Ho hlahisa maikutlo - leha e le ka chelete e nyane - ho ka baka mathata a tebileng a bophelo bo botle (,).

Ho khahlisang ke hore metsi a leoatle a na le methylmercury e nyane feela.

Leha ho le joalo, limela tsa leoatleng joalo ka bolele li a e monya. Joale litlhapi li ja bolele, li monya le ho boloka mercury ea tsona. Litlhapi tse kholoanyane le tse jang nama li ipokellela maemo a phahameng ho tloha ho jeng litlhapi tse nyane (,).

Ebile, litlhapi tse kholo le tse jang liphoofolo li ka ba le litekanyetso tsa mercury makhetlo a fetang a 10 ho feta litlhapi tseo ba li jang. Ts'ebetso ena e bitsoa biomagnification (11).

Mekhatlo ea mmuso ea U.S. e khothaletsa ho boloka mali a hau a mercury a le ka tlase ho 5.0 mcg ka litha e le nngwe (12).

Phuputso e 'ngoe ea U.S. ho batho ba 89 e fumane hore maemo a mercury a tloha ho 2.0-89.5 mcg ka litara, ka karolelano. Ho fokotsa 89% ho ne ho na le maemo a phahameng ho feta moeli o phahameng ().

Ntle le moo, phuputso e boletse hore tlhapi e phahameng ea tlhapi e hokahantsoe le maemo a phahameng a mercury.

Ho feta moo, lithuto tse ngata li entse qeto ea hore batho ba jang litlhapi tse kholo khafetsa - joalo ka pike le perch - ba na le maemo a phahameng a mercury (,).

Ho ja litlhapi tse ngata - haholo-holo mefuta e meholo - ho hokahanngoa le maemo a phahameng a mercury 'meleng.

Liphello Tse Mpe Tsa Bophelo

Ho hlahisa mercury ho ka baka mathata a tebileng a bophelo bo botle ().

Ho batho le ho liphoofolo, maemo a phahameng a mercury a amahanngoa le mathata a boko.

Phuputso ho batho ba baholo ba 129 ba Brazil e fumane hore maemo a phahameng a mercury ka moriri a amahanngoa le ho fokotseha ha tsebo e ntle ea makoloi, botekatse, mohopolo le tlhokomelo ().

Liphuputso tsa morao-rao li boetse li hokahanya ho pepesehela tšepe e boima - joalo ka mercury - le maemo a kang Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, autism, khatello ea maikutlo le matšoenyeho ().

Leha ho le joalo, ho hlokahala lithuto tse ling ho netefatsa sehokela sena.

Ho feta moo, ho pepesehela mercury ho tlamelloa le khatello e phahameng ea mali, kotsi e eketsehileng ea ho hlaseloa ke pelo, le "cholesterol" e mpe "e mpe" (,,,,).

Phuputso e 'ngoe ho banna ba 1,800 e fumane hore ba nang le maemo a phahameng ka ho fetisisa a mercury ba na le menyetla ea ho shoa habeli ka lebaka la mathata a amanang le pelo ho feta banna ba maemo a tlase ().

Leha ho le joalo, melemo ea phepo e ntle ea litlhapi e kanna ea feta likotsi tsa ho pepeseha ha mercury - ha feela o lekanyetsa ts'ebeliso ea hau ea litlhapi tse phahameng tsa mercury ().

Mefuta e phahameng ea mercury e ka senya tšebetso ea boko le bophelo bo botle ba pelo. Leha ho le joalo, melemo ea bophelo bo botle ba ho ja litlhapi e kanna ea feta likotsi tsena ha feela o lekanyetsa ho ja ha hau tlhapi ea mercury e phahameng.

Batho ba Bang ba Kotsing e Kholo

Motsoako oa litlhapi ha o ame motho e mong le e mong ka tsela e ts'oanang. Ka hona, batho ba itseng ba lokela ho hlokomela haholo.

Batho ba kotsing ba kenyeletsa basali ba nang le bakhachane kapa ba ka bang baimana, bo-mme ba anyesang le bana ba banyane.

Lesea le bana ba kotsing e kholo ea chefo ea mercury, 'me mercury e ka fetisetsoa habonolo leseeng la' m'a ea moimana kapa leseeng la 'm'a ea anyesang.

Phuputso e 'ngoe ea liphoofolo e senotse hore ho pepesehela le tekanyetso e tlase ea methylmercury matsatsing a pele a 10 a kemolo ho holofala ha litoeba tsa batho ba baholo ().

Phuputso e 'ngoe e bontšitse hore bana ba pepeselitsoeng mercury ha ba le ka popelong ba ne ba loantšana le tlhokomelo, mohopolo, puo le ts'ebetso ea makoloi (,).

Ntle le moo, liphuputso tse ling li bontša hore merabe e meng - ho kenyeletsoa Maindia a Amerika, Maasia le Lihlekehleke tsa Pacific - e na le kotsi e kholo ea ho pepeseha ha mercury ka lebaka la lijo tse tloaetsoeng ke litlhapi tse ngata.

Basali ba nang le bakhachane, bo-mme ba anyesang, bana ba banyane, le ba tloaetseng ho ja litlhapi tse ngata ba na le kotsi e kholo ea mathata a amanang le ho pepeseha ha mercury.

Ntlha ea Bohlokoa

Ka kakaretso, ha ua lokela ho tšaba ho ja litlhapi.

Litlhapi ke mohloli oa bohlokoa oa omega-3 fatty acids mme li fana ka melemo e meng e mengata.

Ebile, ka kakaretso ho khothaletsoa hore batho ba bangata ba je bonyane litlhapi tse peli tsa tlhapi ka beke.

Leha ho le joalo, Tsamaiso ea Lijo le Lithethefatsi (FDA) e eletsa batho ba kotsing e kholo ea chefo ea mercury - joalo ka basali ba baimana kapa ba anyesang - ho boloka likeletso tse latelang kelellong ():

• Ja li-servings tse 2-3 (ligrama tse 227-340) tsa litlhapi tse fapaneng beke le beke.
• Khetha tlhapi ea tlhapi ea mercury e tlase le lijo tsa leoatleng, joalo ka salmon, shrimp, cod le sardine.
• Qoba litlhapi tse phahameng tsa mercury, tse kang tilefish e tsoang Koung ea Mexico, shark, swordfish le king mackerel.
• Ha u khetha litlhapi tse sa tsoa khuoa, batla boeletsi ba litlhapi bakeng sa linoka kapa matša a itseng.

Ho latela malebela ana ho tla u thusa ho eketsa melemo ea ho ja litlhapi ha u ntse u fokotsa likotsi tsa ho pepeseha ha mercury.