Sengoli: Roger Morrison
Letsatsi La Creation: 3 September 2021
Ntlafatsa Letsatsi: 5 November 2024
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Leukemia e matla ke mofuta oa mofets'e o amanang le ho se tloaelehe ha moko oa masapo, o lebisang tlhahisong e sa tloaelehang ea lisele tsa mali. Lefuemia e matla e ka aroloa ho myeloid kapa lymphoid ho latela matšoao a lisele a khetholloang ka immunophenotyping, e leng mokhoa oa laboratori o sebelisetsoang ho khetholla lisele tse ts'oanang haholo ponong ea microscopic.

Mofuta ona oa kankere ea mali o atile haholo baneng le ho batho ba baholo 'me o khetholloa ka ho phatloha ho fetang 20% ​​maling, e leng lisele tse nyane tsa mali, le lekhalo la leukemic, le lumellanang le ho ba sieo ha lisele tse mahareng lipakeng. ho phatloha le li-neutrophil tse holileng tsebong.

Kalafo ea leukemia e matla e etsoa ka litšelo tsa mali le chemotherapy tikolohong ea sepetlele ho fihlela matšoao a kliniki le a laboratori a amanang le kankere ea mali a se a sa fumanoe.

Matšoao a kankere ea mali e matla

Matšoao a lefu la kankere ea mali ea myeloid kapa a lymphoid a amana le liphetoho liseleng tsa mali le bofokoli ba moko oa masapo, tse ka sehloohong e le:


  • Bofokoli, mokhathala le sekhahla;
  • Ho tsoa mali ho tsoa nko le / kapa matheba a pherese letlalong;
  • Phallo e eketsehileng ea ho ilela khoeli le tloaelo ea ho tsoa mali;
  • Feberu, mofufutso bosiu le ho theola boima ba 'mele ntle le lebaka;
  • Bohloko ba masapo, khohlela le hlooho.

Hoo e ka bang halofo ea bakuli ba na le matšoao ana ho fihlela likhoeli tse 3 ho fihlela leukemia e fumanoa ka liteko tse kang:

  • Palo e felletseng ea mali, e bonts'ang leukocytosis, thrombocytopenia le boteng ba lisele tse nyane tse nyane (ho phatloha), ekaba ho tsoa lelokong la myeloid kapa lymphoid;
  • Liteko tsa biochemical, joalo ka litekanyo tsa uric acid le LDH, tse atisang ho eketseha ka lebaka la ho phatloha ho hoholo ha libomo maling;
  • Coagulogram, moo ho hlahlojoang tlhahiso ea fibrinogen, D-dimer le prothrombin;
  • Myelogram, moo ho hlahlojoang litšobotsi tsa moko oa masapo.

Ntle le liteko tsena, hematologist e kanna ea kopa liphetoho ka mekhoa ea limolek'hule, joalo ka NPM1, CEBPA kapa FLT3-ITD, molemong oa ho bonts'a mofuta o motle oa kalafo.


Lefu la mali le matla la bongoana

Lefu la mali le bakoang ke bongoana ka kakaretso le na le tšoaetso e ntle ho feta batho ba baholo, empa kalafo ea lefu lena e lokela ho etsoa tikolohong ea sepetlele ka chemotherapy, e nang le litlamorao tse kang ho nyekeloa ke pelo, ho hlatsa le ho lahleheloa ke moriri, ka hona nako ena e ka ba ho tena ngoana le lelapa. Ntle le sena, ho na le monyetla o moholo oa ho folisa lefu lena ho bana ho feta ho batho ba baholo. Bona litlamorao tsa chemotherapy le hore na e etsoa joang.

Kalafo bakeng sa kankere ea mali e matla

Kalafo ea leukemia e matla e hlalosoa ke hematologist ho latela matšoao, liphetho tsa liteko, lilemo tsa motho, boteng ba ts'oaetso, kotsi ea metastasis le ho hlaha hape. Nako ea kalafo e ka fapana, 'me matšoao a qala ho fokotseha likhoeli tse 1 ho isa ho tse 2 kamora ho qala ha polychemotherapy, mohlala, mme kalafo e ka nka lilemo tse ka bang 3.


Kalafo ea leukemia e matla ea myeloid e ka etsoa ka chemotherapy, e leng motsoako oa lithethefatsi, tšelo ea platelet le ts'ebeliso ea lithibela-mafu ho fokotsa kotsi ea tšoaetso, kaha sesole sa 'mele se kotsing. Ithute haholoanyane ka kalafo ea leukemia e matla ea myeloid.

Mabapi le kalafo ea leukemia e matla ea lymphoid, e ka etsoa ka kalafo ea meriana e mengata, e etsoang ka litekanyetso tse phahameng tsa meriana ho felisa kotsi e ka bang teng ea lefu lena le fihlang tsamaisong ea methapo e bohareng. Ithute ho phekola kankere ea mali ea lymphoid.

Haeba lefu lena le hlaha khafetsa, ho ka fetisoa mochini oa masapo hobane, ntlheng ena, ha se bohle ba ruang molemo ka chemotherapy.

Na leukemia e matla e ka phekoloa?

Pheko ea kankere ea mali e bolela ho ba sieo ha matšoao a tšoaetso ea kankere ea mali nakong ea lilemo tse 10 kamora pheko, ntle le ho khutlela mokhoeng.

Mabapi le leukemia e bohloko ea myeloid, pheko e khonahala, ka lebaka la likhetho tse 'maloa tsa kalafo, leha ho le joalo ha lilemo li ntse li hola, pheko kapa taolo ea lefu e ka ba thata le ho feta; ha motho e monyane a le monyane monyetla oa ho phekoloa.

Tabeng ea lefu la mali le matla la lymphoid, monyetla oa ho phekola o moholo ho bana, e ka bang 90%, le 50% ea pheko ho batho ba baholo ho fihlela ho lilemo tse 60, leha ho le joalo, ho eketsa menyetla ea ho folisa le ho thibela lefu lena ho boela le hlaha, ho bohlokoa hore e sibolloe kapele kamoo ho ka khonehang mme kalafo e qalile kapele kamora moo.

Le kamora ho qala kalafo, motho o tlameha ho etsa liteko tsa nako le nako ho lekola hore na ho na le ho ipheta kapa che, haeba ho le joalo, ho qalella kalafo hanghang hore menyetla ea phokotso e felletseng ea lefu e be kholo.

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