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Autism, eo ka saense e tsejoang e le Autism Spectrum Disorder, ke lefu le khetholloang ke mathata a puisano, boiketlo le boits'oaro, hangata a fumanoang a le lilemo li pakeng tsa 2 le 3.

Boloetse bona bo etsa hore ngoana a hlahise litšobotsi tse ikhethang, joalo ka bothata ba ho bua le ho hlahisa mehopolo le maikutlo, malaise har'a ba bang le ho se shebane le mahlo hanyane, ntle le mekhoa e pheta-phetoang le metsamao e emeloang, joalo ka ho lula nako e telele ho tsitsinya mmele le joalo-joalo.

Matšoao a mantlha

A mang a matšoao a tloaelehileng le litšobotsi tsa autism a kenyelletsa:

  • Ho thata ho sebelisana le sechaba, joalo ka ho sheba mahlo, sefahleho, boitšisinyo, ho thatafalloa ho etsa metsoalle, ho thatafalloa ho hlahisa maikutlo;
  • Tahlehelo puisanong, joalo ka bothata ba ho qala kapa ho boloka moqoqo, ts'ebeliso ea puo khafetsa;
  • Liphetoho tsa boitšoaro, joalo ka ho se tsebe ho bapala boikaketsi, mekhoa e pheta-phetoang ea boits'oaro, ho ba le "lifeshene" tse ngata le ho bontša thahasello e matla ho ntho e ikhethileng, joalo ka lepheo la sefofane, mohlala.

Matšoao ana a fapana le a bonolo, a ka bang a sa hlokomeloe, empa a ka ba a leka-lekaneng ho isa ho a matla, a sitisang haholo boitšoaro ba ngoana le puisano ea hae.


Mona ke mokhoa oa ho khetholla matšoao a mantlha a autism.

Mokhoa oa ho netefatsa ts'oaetso

Ho fumanoa ha autism ho etsoa ke ngaka ea bana kapa ngaka ea mafu a kelello, ka ho hlokomela ngoana le ho etsa liteko tse ling tsa tlhahlobo ea mafu, lipakeng tsa lilemo tse 2 le 3.

E ka netefatsoa ka autism, ha ngoana a e-na le litšobotsi tsa libaka tse 3 tse anngoeng ke lefu lena: tšebelisano-'moho sechabeng, phetoho ea boits'oaro le mefokolo ea puisano. Ha ho hlokahale ho hlahisa lethathamo le pharaletseng la matšoao hore ngaka e fihle phumanong, hobane lefu lena le iponahatsa ka likhato tse fapaneng mme, ka lebaka lena, ngoana a ka fumanoa a na le autism e bonolo, mohlala. Sheba matšoao a autism e bonolo.

Kahoo, ka linako tse ling autism e ka batla e sa bonahale 'me e ka ferekanngoa le lihlong, ho hloka tlhokomelo kapa boits'oaro, joalo ka tabeng ea Asperger's syndrome le autism e sebetsang hantle, ka mohlala. Ka hona, tlhahlobo ea autism ha e bonolo, 'me haeba ho belaelloa ho bohlokoa ho ea ngakeng e le hore e hlahlobe kholo ea ngoana le boits'oaro ba hae, a tsebe ho bonts'a seo a nang le sona le hore na a se phekole joang.


Se Bakang Autism

Ngoana e mong le e mong a ka ba le autism, mme lisosa tsa eona li ntse li sa tsejoe, leha lipatlisiso tse ngata li ntse li etsoa ho fumana.

Liphuputso tse ling li se li ntse li khona ho supa lisosa tse ka bang teng tsa lefutso, tse ka bang lefa, empa hape ho ka etsahala hore mabaka a tikoloho, joalo ka ts'oaetso ea livaerase tse ling, tšebeliso ea mefuta ea lijo kapa ho kopana le lintho tse tahang, joalo ka lead le mercury, mohlala e ka ba le phello e kholo nts'etsopele ea lefu lena.

Tse ling tsa lisosa tse ka sehloohong li kenyeletsa:

  • Bokooa le boits'oaro bo sa tloaelehang ba sesosa sa lefutso le lefutso, joalo ka ha ho hlokometsoe hore li-autist tse ling li na le boko bo boholo le bo boima le hore khokahano ea methapo lipakeng tsa lisele tsa bona e ne e haella;
  • Lintho tsa tikoloho, joalo ka tikoloho ea lelapa, mathata nakong ea bokhachane kapa pelehi;
  • Liphetoho tsa biochemical ea 'mele e khetholloang ka ho feteletseng ha serotonin maling;
  • Chromosomal e sa tloaelehang ho pakoa ke ho nyamela kapa ho qopitsoa ha chromosome 16.

Ntle le moo, ho na le liphuputso tse supang liente tse ling kapa phetisetso ea folic acid e ngata nakong ea bokhachane, leha ho le joalo ho ntse ho se na liqeto tse hlakileng mabapi le menyetla ena, mme lipatlisiso tse ling li sa ntsane li lokela ho etsoa ho hlakisa taba ena.


Kalafo e etsoa joang

Kalafo e tla itšetleha ka mofuta oa autism eo ngoana a nang le eona le boemo ba ho holofala, empa e ka etsoa ka:

  • Tšebeliso ea meriana e laetsoeng ke ngaka;
  • Mananeo a kalafo ea puo ho ntlafatsa puo le puisano;
  • Phekolo ea boits'oaro ho tsamaisa mesebetsi ea letsatsi le letsatsi;
  • Phekolo ea sehlopha ho ntlafatsa botsoalle ba ngoana.

Le ha autism e se na pheko, kalafo ha e etsoa ka nepo e ka nolofalletsa tlhokomelo ea ngoana, ea nolofaletsa batsoali bophelo. Maemong a bobebe, ho noa meriana ha ho hlokahale ka linako tsohle mme ngoana a ka phela bophelo bo haufi haholo le bo tloaelehileng, a khona ho ithuta le ho sebetsa ntle le lithibelo. Sheba lintlha tse ling le likhetho bakeng sa kalafo ea autism.

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