Phokolo ea mali ea aplastic: ke eng, matšoao a mantlha le kalafo

Litaba

• Matšoao a khaello ea mali khafetsa
• Mokhoa oa ho hlahloba o etsoa joang
• Lisosa tse ka sehloohong
• Kalafo ea anemia ea aplastic

Phokolo ea mali ea aplastic ke mofuta oa mokong oa masapo mme, ka lebaka leo, lefu la mali, le khetholloang ke ho fokotseha ha lisele tse khubelu tsa mali, li-leukocyte le li-platelet tse potolohang, tse khethollang boemo ba pancytopenia. Boemo bona bo ka ba teng ho tloha tsoalong kapa bo fumanoe ha nako e ntse e tsamaea, mme e kanna ea ba ka lebaka la ts'ebeliso ea meriana e meng kapa ho kopana khafetsa le lintho tsa lik'hemik'hale, mohlala.

Ka lebaka la hore moko oa masapo o sitoa ho hlahisa lisele tsa mali tse sebetsang mme ka bongata bo lekaneng, matšoao le matšoao a mofuta ona oa phokolo ea mali a qala ho hlaha, joalo ka pallor, mokhathala o feteletseng, tšoaetso khafetsa le ponahalo ea mabala a pherese letlalong ntle le lebaka lefe kapa lefe.

Matšoao a khaello ea mali khafetsa

Matšoao le khaello ea phokolo ea mali li hlaha ka lebaka la phokotso ea palo ea lisele tsa mali tse potolohang, tse kholo e le:

• Pallor letlalong le mamina;
• Maemong a 'maloa a tšoaetso ka selemo;
• Matšoao a pherese letlalong ntle le lebaka;
• Matšoafo a maholo a mali esita le ka ho fokotsa ho fokolang;
• Mokhathala,
• Phefumoloho e khutšoanyane;
• Tachycardia;
• Ho tsoa mali marenene;
• Ho tsekela;
• Hlooho e bohloko;
• Lekhopho letlalong.

Ntle le moo, maemong a mang ho kanna ha ba le liphetoho liphio le pampitšaneng ea ho ntša metsi, liphetoho tsena li ba teng khafetsa tabeng ea phokolo ea mali ea Fanconi, e leng mofuta oa congenital aplastic anemia. Ithute haholoanyane ka phokolo ea mali ea Fanconi.

Mokhoa oa ho hlahloba o etsoa joang

Ho fumanoa ha anemia ea aplastic ho etsoa ho latela tlhahlobo ea liteko tsa laboratori, haholo-holo palo ea mali, e bonts'ang e le tlase ho feta likhothaletso tsa lisele tse khubelu tsa mali, leukocyte le liplatelete.

Ho netefatsa phumano, ngaka hangata e kopa ho etsa myelogram, e ikemiselitseng ho lekola hore na tlhahiso ea sele e joang ka moko oa masapo, ntle le ho etsa biopsy ea moko oa masapo. Utloisisa hore na biopsy ea moko oa masapo ke ea eng le hore e etsoa joang.

Maemong a mang, haholo-holo ha lefu la phokolo ea mali le fumanoa e le la tlhaho, ngaka e ka kopa liteko tsa litšoantšo ho lekola mosese le liphio, hammoho le liteko tsa laboratori tse lekolang sistimi ena, joalo ka urea le creatinine.

Lisosa tse ka sehloohong

Phetoho mokong oa masapo o lebisang ho aplastic anemia e ka ba ea tlhaho kapa ea fumanoa. Ho congenital aplastic anemia, ngoana o hlaha ka phetoho ena, a ba le matšoao lilemong tsa pele tsa bophelo.

Ka lehlakoreng le leng, phokolo ea mali e fumanoang ke aplastic e hlaha ha nako e ntse e tsamaea, 'me e kanna ea amana le ts'ebeliso ea meriana, ka lebaka la mafu a itšireletsang mafung kapa tšoaetso ea vaerase, kapa e bakoa ke ho pepesehela khafetsa lintho tse chefo, tse ka sehloohong e leng bismuth, chefo e bolaeang likokonyana , chefo e bolaeang likokoanyana, chloramphenicol, letsoai la khauta le lihlahisoa tsa peterole.

Kalafo ea anemia ea aplastic

Kalafo ea anemia ea aplastic e ikemiselitse ho fokotsa matšoao le ho susumetsa moko oa masapo ho hlahisa lisele tse lekaneng tsa mali tse khonang ho etsa mesebetsi ea tsona.

Kahoo, ho ka buelloa litšelo tsa mali, tseo ka lebaka la hore lisele tse khubelu tsa mali le liplatelete li ntseng li tšeloa, haholo-holo, ho ka khona ho kokobetsa matšoao, hobane ho tla ba le oksijene e ngata e tsamaisoang ke lisele. Ntle le moo, ts'ebeliso ea lithibela-mafu mothapong e thusa ho matlafatsa sesole sa 'mele, ho thusa ho loants'a mafu.

Ts'ebeliso ea meriana e thusang ho hlasimolla tšebetso ea moko oa masapo le meriana ea boits'ireletso, joalo ka Methylprednisolone, Cyclosporine le Prednisone le eona e ka bonts'oa.

Leha a na le liphekolo tsena, e le 'ngoe feela e sebetsang ho folisa phokolo ea mali ke `moko oa masapo, moo motho a fumanang moko oa masapo o sebetsang hantle, o ts'ehetsa ho theoa ha lisele tsa mali ka bongata bo lekaneng. Utloisisa hore na phetisetso ea moko oa masapo ke eng le hore na e sebetsa joang.