Liphetoho tsa botsofe sebopehong sa 'mele

Sebopeho sa 'mele oa hau se fetoha ka tlhaho ha u ntse u tsofala. U ke ke ua qoba tse ling tsa liphetoho tsena, empa khetho ea hau ea bophelo e ka liehisa kapa ea potlakisa tšebetso.

'Mele oa motho o entsoe ka mafura, lisele tse bobebe (mesifa le litho), masapo le metsi. Kamora lilemo tse 30, batho ba tloaetse ho lahleheloa ke lisele tse bobebe. Mesifa ea hau, sebete, liphio le litho tse ling li ka lahleheloa ke lisele tsa tsona. Ts'ebetso ena ea ho lahleheloa ke mesifa e bitsoa atrophy. Masapo a ka lahleheloa ke liminerale tse ling ebe a fokotseha haholo (boemo bo bitsoang osteopenia maemong a pele le lefu la masapo mokhahlelong oa morao-rao). Ho lahleheloa ke lisele ho fokotsa bongata ba metsi 'meleng oa hau.

Palo ea mafura a 'mele e nyoloha butle kamora ho ba le lilemo tse 30. Batho ba baholo ba kanna ba ba le mafura a fetang a le mong ho a mararo ha ba bapisoa le ha ba ne ba le monyane. Lisele tsa mafura lia bokellana ho leba bohareng ba mmele, ho kenyeletsoa le likarolo tse kahare tsa mmele. Leha ho le joalo, lera la mafura ka tlas'a letlalo lea fokotseha.

Tloaelo ea ho ba khuts'oane e etsahala har'a merabe eohle le bong ka bobeli. Boima ba mmele bo amana le liphetoho tsa botsofali masapong, mesifa le manonyellong. Batho ba tloaetse ho lahleheloa ke lisenthimithara tse ka bang 1 sentimetara lilemo tse ling le tse ling tse 10 kamora lilemo tse 40. Boima ba 'mele bo potlakile le ho feta kamora lilemo tse 70. O ka lahleheloa ke bolelele ba lisenthimithara tse 2,5 ho isa ho tse 7.5 lilemo. U ka thusa ho thibela ho lahleheloa ke bolelele ka ho ja lijo tse nepahetseng, ho lula u le mafolofolo, le ho thibela le ho phekola tahlehelo ea masapo.

Ho fokola ha mesifa ea maoto le manonyeletso a thata ho ka etsa hore ho potoloha ho be thata. Mafura a mangata a 'mele le liphetoho sebopehong sa' mele li ka ama botsitso ba hau. Liphetoho tsena tsa 'mele li ka etsa hore o oe haholo.

Liphetoho tsa boima ba 'mele kaofela lia fapana ho banna le basali. Hangata banna ba nona ho fihlela ba le lilemo li 55, ebe ba qala ho theola boima ba 'mele hamorao bophelong. Sena se kanna sa amana le ho theoha hoa testosterone ea banna ea thobalano. Basali hangata ba nona ho fihlela ba le lilemo li 65, ebe ba qala ho theola boima ba 'mele. Ho theola boima ba 'mele hamorao bophelong ho hlaha ka lebaka la hore mafura a nkela lisele tsa mesifa e mosesane matla,' me mafura a boima bo ka tlase ho ba mesifa. Lijo le litloaelo tsa boikoetliso li ka bapala karolo e kholo phetohong ea boima ba motho nakong ea bophelo ba hae.

Khetho ea hau ea bophelo e ama tsela eo botsofali bo etsahalang kapele ka eona. Lintho tse ling tseo u ka li etsang ho fokotsa liphetoho tse amanang le 'mele ke tsena:

• Ikoetlise kamehla.
• Ja lijo tse phetseng hantle tse kenyelletsang litholoana le meroho, lithollo kaofela, le mafura a nepahetseng.
• Fokotsa tšebeliso ea hau ea joala.
• Qoba lihlahisoa tsa koae le lithethefatsi tse seng molaong.

Shah K, Villareal DT. Botenya. Ka: Tlatsa HM, Rockwood K, Young J, eds. Brocklehurst’s Textbook of Geriatric Medicine le Gerontology. La 8th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: khaolo ea 80.

Mosebetsi oa Walston JD. Sequelae se tloaelehileng sa bongaka sa botsofali. Ka: Goldman L, Schafer AI, li-eds. Phekolo ea Goldman-Cecil. La 26th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: khaolo ea 22.