Meriana e rekisoang haholo

O ka reka meriana e mengata bakeng sa mathata a fokolang ka lebenkeleng ntle le lengolo la ngaka.

Malebela a bohlokoa a ho sebelisa meriana e rekisoang ka bongata:

• Kamehla latela litaelo le litemoso tse hatisitsoeng. Bua le mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo pele u qala moriana o mocha.
• Tseba seo u se nkang. Sheba lenane la metsoako ebe u khetha lihlahisoa tse nang le lintho tse fokolang tse thathamisitsoeng.
• Meriana eohle ha e sebetse hantle ha nako e ntse e tsamaea 'me e lokela ho nkeloa sebaka. Lekola letsatsi la ho felloa ke nako pele u sebelisa sehlahisoa sefe kapa sefe.
• Boloka meriana sebakeng se pholileng se ommeng. Boloka meriana eohle moo bana ba ke keng ba e fihlela.

Basali ba baimana kapa ba anyesang ba lokela ho bua le mofani oa bona pele ba noa moriana o mocha.

Meriana e ama bana le batho ba baholo ka tsela e fapaneng. Batho ba lilemo tsena ba lokela ho ba le tlhokomelo e khethehileng ha ba noa litlhare.

Botsa mofani oa hau pele u noa moriana o rekisoang haeba:

• Matšoao a hau a mabe haholo.
• Ha u tsebe hantle hore na bothata ke eng ka uena.
• U na le bothata ba nako e telele ba bongaka kapa u noa meriana ea ngaka.

ACHES, BOHLOKO LE HLOOHO

Meriana e bohloko ea ho ithekisa e ka thusa ho opeloa ke hlooho, bohloko ba ramatiki, ho phatloha, le mathata a mang a manyane a kopaneng le mesifa.

• Acetaminophen - Leka moriana ona pele bakeng sa bohloko ba hau. U SE KE ua nka ligrama tse fetang 3 (3,000 mg) ka letsatsi le le leng. Palo e kholo e ka lematsa sebete sa hau. Hopola hore ligrama tse 3 li batla li lekana le lipilisi tse 6 tsa matla a eketsehileng kapa lipilisi tse 9 tse tloaelehileng.
• Lithethefatsi tse seng khahlanong le ho ruruha (li-NSAID) - O ka reka li-NSAID tse ling, tse kang ibuprofen le naproxen, ntle le lengolo la ngaka.

Meriana ena ka bobeli e ka ba le litla-morao tse tebileng haeba u e noa ka litekanyetso tse phahameng kapa nako e telele. Bolella mofani oa hau haeba o noa meriana ena makhetlo a mangata ka beke. U kanna ua hloka ho hlahlojoa bakeng sa litla-morao.

FEBERU

Acetaminophen (Tylenol) le ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) li thusa ho fokotsa feberu ho bana le ho batho ba baholo.

• Nka acetaminophen lihora tse ling le tse ling tse 4 ho isa ho tse 6.
• Nka ibuprofen lihora tse ling le tse ling tse 6 ho isa ho tse 8. SE KE UA sebelisa ibuprofen ho bana ba ka tlase ho likhoeli tse 6.
• Tseba hore na uena kapa ngoana oa hau le bekha bokae pele le mo fa meriana ena.

Aspirin e sebetsa hantle haholo bakeng sa ho phekola feberu ho batho ba baholo. SE KE UA fa ngoana aspirin ntle leha mofani oa ngoana oa hau au joetsa hore ho lokile.

BANDELA, MOROO O MANG, TSUPA

Meriana e batang e ka phekola matšoao ho u etsa betere, empa ha e khutsufatse sefuba. Ho noa li-zinc nakong ea lihora tse 24 ho qala ho bata ho ka fokotsa matšoao le nako ea sefuba.

HLOKOMELA: Bua le mofani oa hau pele u fa ngoana oa hau mofuta ofe kapa ofe oa meriana e batang ea ho reka, le haeba e ngotsoe bakeng sa bana.

Meriana ea khohlela:

• Guaifenesin - E thusa ho senya mamina. Noa maro a mangata haeba u noa moriana ona.
• Menthol throat lozenges - Soothes "tickle" ka 'metso (Holo, Robitussin, le Vicks).
• Meriana ea khohlela ea metsi e nang le dextromethorphan - E thibela takatso ea ho khohlela (Benylin, Delsym, Robitussin DM, Simply Cough, Vick 44, le mabenkele a mabenkeleng).

Li-decongestants:

• Li-decongestant li thusa ho hlakola nko e lutlang le ho imolla phallo ea morao-rao.
• Li-sprays tsa nko tse matlafatsang li ka sebetsa kapele, empa li ka ba le phello e mpe haeba u li sebelisa matsatsi a fetang a 3 ho isa ho a 5. Matšoao a hau a ka mpefala haeba o lula o sebelisa li-sprays tsena.
• Buisana le mofani oa hau pele u nka li-decongestant haeba u na le khatello e phahameng ea mali kapa mathata a senya.
• Li-decongestants tsa molomo - Pseudoephedrine (Contac Non-Drowsy, Sudafed, le mabenkele a mabenkele); phenylephrine (Mabenkele a PE le mabenkele).
• Moriana o noang ka ho fetisisa oa nko - Oxymetazoline (Afrin, Neo-Synephrine Nighttime, Sinex Spray); phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine, Li-capsules tsa Sinex).

Meriana ea 'metso:

• Ho fafatsa bohloko bo bohloko - Dyclonine (Cepacol); phenol (Chloraseptic).
• Li-painkillers - Acetaminophen (Tylenol), ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), naproxen (Aleve).
• Lipompong tse thata tse koahelang 'metso - Ho anya lipompong kapa' metso ho ka khatholla. Hlokomela bana ba banyenyane ka lebaka la kotsi ea ho bipetsoa.

LITS'OANYANE

Lipilisi tsa antihistamine le lino tse tahang li sebetsa hantle bakeng sa ho phekola matšoao a ts'oaetso.

• Li-antihistamine tse ka bakang boroko - Diphenhydramine (Benadryl); chlorpheniramine (Chlor-Trimeton); brompheniramine (Dimetapp), kapa clemastine (Tavist)
• Li-antihistamine tse bakang boroko bo bonyenyane kapa ho hang - Loratadine (Alavert, Claritin, Dimetapp ND); fexofenadine (Allegra); cetirizine (Zyrtec)

Bua le mofani oa hau pele u mo fa meriana e bakelang ngoana boroko, hobane e ka ama thuto. Li ka ama ho falimeha ho batho ba baholo.

U ka leka:

• Marotholi a mahlo - Tolisa kapa nosetsa mahlo
• Tsela e thibelang nasal spray - Cromolyn sodium (Nasalcrom), fluticasone (Flonase)

LIEKETSENG MIMETSO

Meriana ea letšollo:

• Meriana ea antidiarrhea e kang loperamide (Imodium) - Meriana ena e fokotsa ts'ebetso ea mala le ho fokotsa palo ea ho tsamaea ha mala.Bua le mofani oa hau pele u li noa hobane li ka mpefatsa letšollo le bakoang ke tšoaetso.
• Meriana e nang le bismuth - E ka nkoa bakeng sa letšollo le bobebe (Kaopectate, Pepto-Bismol).
• Maro a ho khutlisa metsi 'meleng - A ka sebelisoa bakeng sa letšollo le itekanetseng le le matla (Analytes or Pedialyte).

Meriana ea ho nyekeloa le pelo le ho hlatsa:

• Metsi le lipilisi bakeng sa ho halefa mala - A ka thusa ka ho nyekeloa ke pelo le ho hlatsa (Emetrol kapa Pepto-Bismol)
• Maro a rehydration - A ka sebelisoa ho khutlisa maro a tsoang ho hlatsa (Enfalyte kapa Pedialyte)
• Meriana ea ho kula ha motsamao - Dimenhydrinate (Dramamine); meclizine (Bonine, Antivert, Postafen, le Maoto a Leoatle)

LITLHAKU TSA MABITSA LE HO HLAHALA

• Li-antihistamine tse nkiloeng ka molomo - E ka thusa ka ho hlohlona kapa haeba o na le aleji
• Cream ea Hydrocortisone - E ka thusa ka maqhubu a bonolo (Cortaid, Cortizone 10)
• Litlolo le litlolo tse itšireletsang mafung - Li ka thusa ka li-rashes rashes le rashes tse bakoang ke tomoso (nystatin, miconazole, clotrimazole le ketoconazole)

Meriana ea ho ba le hae

• Lithethefatsi

Garza I, Schwedt TJ, Robertson CE, Smith JH. Hlooho le bohloko bo bong ba craniofacial. Ka: Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, bahlophisi. Neurology ea Bradley ho Tloaelo ea Bongaka. La 7th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: khaolo ea 103.

Habif TP. Dermatitis e phahameng. Ka: Habif TP, e hlophisitsoeng. Clinical Dermatology: Tataiso ea Mmala ho Phumano le Phekolo. La 6th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: khaolo ea 5.

Mazer-Amirshahi M, Wilson MD. Phekolo ea lithethefatsi bakeng sa mokuli oa bana. Ka: Marako RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, eds. Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Likhopolo le Tloaelo ea Kliniki. La 9th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: khaolo ea 176.

Semrad CE. Atamela mokuli ka letšollo le malabsorption. Ka: Goldman L, Schafer AI, li-eds. Phekolo ea Goldman-Cecil. La 26th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: khaolo ea 131.