Tetralogy ea Bohata

Tetralogy ea Bohata ke mofuta oa tlhaho ea pelo e tsoaloang. Congenital e bolela hore e teng nakong ea tsoalo.

Tetralogy ea Bohata e baka maemo a tlase a oksijene maling. Sena se lebisa ho cyanosis ('mala o boputsoa bo bopherese letlalong).

Sebopeho sa khale se kenyelletsa liphoso tse 'ne tsa pelo le methapo ea eona e meholo ea mali:

• Phoso ea septical ea septical (lesoba lipakeng tsa li-ventricle tse ka ho le letona le le lets'ehali)
• Ho khutsufatsa pampitšana ea ho tsoa ha pulmonary (valve le mothapo o hokahanyang pelo le matšoafo)
• Ho hatella aorta (mothapo o tsamaisang mali a nang le oksijene 'meleng) o fetisetsoang holima ventricle e nepahetseng le sekoli sa septal sa ventricular, ho fapana le ho tsoa feela ka ventricle ea leqeleng
• Lerako le tiileng la ventricle e nepahetseng (ventricular hypertrophy)

Tetralogy of Fallot ha e fumanehe hangata, empa ke mofuta o tloaelehileng haholo oa lefu la pelo la cyanotic congenital. E hlaha ka ho lekana khafetsa ho banna le basali. Batho ba nang le tetralogy ea Bohata ba na le monyetla oa ho ba le liphoso tse ling tsa tlhaho.

Lebaka la liphoso tse ngata tsa pelo tse tsoaloang ha le tsejoe. Ho bonahala lintho tse ngata li ameha.

Lintho tse eketsang kotsi ea boemo bona nakong ea bokhachane li kenyelletsa:

• Botahoa ho mme
• Lefu la tsoekere
• Mme ea fetang lilemo tse 40
• Phepo e fosahetseng nakong ea bokhachane
• Rubella kapa mafu a mang a vaerase nakong ea bokhachane

Bana ba nang le tetralogy ea Fallot ba na le mathata a chromosome, joalo ka Down syndrome, Alagille syndrome le DiGeorge (boemo bo bakang bofokoli ba pelo, maemo a tlase a khalsiamo le boits'ireletso bo bobe ba 'mele).

Matšoao a kenyelletsa:

• Mmala o moputsoa letlalong (cyanosis), o mpefalang ha lesea le koatile
• Ho koala menoana (ho holisa letlalo kapa lesapo ho potoloha manala a menoana)
• Ho fepa ka thata (mekhoa e fosahetseng ea ho fepa)
• Ho hloleha ho nona
• Ho feta
• Nts'etsopele e mpe
• Ho lla nakong ea linako tsa cyanosis

Tlhahlobo ea 'mele e nang le stethoscope hangata e senola ho korotla ha pelo.

Liteko li ka kenyelletsa:

• X-ray sefubeng
• Palo e felletseng ea mali (CBC)
• Echocardiogram
• Electrocardiogram (ECG)
• MRI ea pelo (hangata kamora ho buuoa)
• CT ea pelo

Phekolo ea ho lokisa tetralogy ea Bohata e etsoa ha lesea le le monyane haholo, hangata pele ho likhoeli tse 6. Ka linako tse ling, ho hlokahala opereishene e fetang e le 'ngoe. Ha ho sebelisoa opereishene e fetang e le 'ngoe, opereishene ea pele e etsoa ho thusa ho eketsa phallo ea mali matšoafong.

Ho buoa ho lokisa bothata ho ka etsoa hamorao. Hangata ho etsoa opereishene e le 'ngoe feela ea tokiso likhoeling tse' maloa tsa pele tsa bophelo. Ho etsoa opereishene ea khalemelo ho holisa karolo ea karolo e nyane ea pulmonary le ho koala sekoli sa septal se nang le setsiba.

Maemong a mangata a ka lokisoa ka ho buuoa. Masea a buuoang hangata a sebetsa hantle. Ba fetang 90% ba phela ho fihlela e le batho ba baholo mme ba phela bophelo bo mafolofolo, bo phetseng hantle le bo atlehileng. Ntle le ho buuoa, lefu le hlaha hangata ha motho a fihla lilemo tse 20.

Batho ba tsoetseng pele, ho lutla ho matla ha valve ea pulmonary ho ka hloka hore valve e nkeloe sebaka.

Ho latela khafetsa ngaka ea lefu la pelo ho khothaletsoa ka matla.

Mathata a ka kenyelletsa:

• Kholo e liehang le kholo
• Lipelo tse sa tloaelehang tsa pelo (arrhythmias)
• Ho oa nakong eo ho se nang oksijene e lekaneng
• Lefu le tsoang ho ts'oaroeng ke pelo, le kamora ho lokisoa ho buuoa

Bitsa mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo haeba matšoao a macha a sa hlalosoang a hlaha kapa ngoana a na le sekheo sa cyanosis (letlalo le leputsoa).

Haeba ngoana ea nang le tetralogy of Fallot a ba putsoa, ​​hang-hang beha ngoana ka lehlakore kapa ka morao mme u khumame ka sefubeng. Khutsisa ngoana 'me u ee ngakeng hang-hang.

Ha ho na mokhoa o tsebahalang oa ho thibela boemo bona.

Tet; TOF; Congenital pelo bofokoli - tetralogy; Lefu la pelo la cyanotic - tetralogy; Sekoli sa tsoalo - tetralogy

• Phekolo ea pelo ea bana - ho tsoa

• Pelo - karolo ho ea bohareng
• Tetralogy ea Bohata
• Se-cyanotic 'Tet spell'

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CD ea Fraser, Kane LC. Lefu la pelo ea Congenital. Ka: Townsend CM Jr, Beauchamp RD, Evers BM, Mattox KL, eds. Sabiston Textbook of Surgery: Motheo oa Biological oa Tloaelo ea Kajeno ea Thibelo. 20th, ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: khaolo ea 58.

Webb GD, Smallhorn JF, Therrien J, Redington AN. Congenital lefu la pelo ho motho e moholo le mokuli oa bana. Ka: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, eds. Lefu la pelo la Braunwald: Buka ea bongaka ea meriana ea pelo. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: khaolo ea 75.