Mathata a ho tsoa mali

Mathata a ho tsoa mali ke sehlopha sa maemo ao ho ona ho nang le bothata ka ts'ebetso ea 'mele ea ho koala mali. Mathata ana a ka lebisa ho tsoa mali a mangata le a nako e telele kamora ho tsoa kotsi. Ho tsoa mali le hona ho ka qala ka bohona.

Mathata a khethehileng a ho tsoa mali a kenyelletsa:

• Bofokoli ba mosebetsi oa platelet
• Liphoso tsa Congenital platelet function
• E phatlalalitse coagulation ea methapo ea methapo (DIC)
• Ho haella ha Prothrombin
• Khaello ea Ntlha ea V
• Khaello ea Ntlha ea VII
• Khaello ea Ntlha ea X
• Khaello ea factor XI (haemophilia C)
• Lefu la Glanzmann
• Haemophilia A.
• Haemophilia B
• Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP)
• Lefu la Von Willebrand (mefuta ea I, II, le III)

Ho koala mali ka mokhoa o tloaelehileng ho kenyelletsa likarolo tsa mali, tse bitsoang li-platelet, le liprotheine tse 20 tse fapaneng tsa plasma. Tsena li tsejoa e le ho koala mali kapa ho koalla mali. Lintho tsena li sebelisana le lik'hemik'hale tse ling ho etsa ntho e emisang ho tsoa mali e bitsoang fibrin.

Mathata a ka hlaha ha lintlha tse ling li le tlase kapa li le sieo. Mathata a ho tsoa mali a ka fapana ho tloha boemong bo bonolo ho isa ho bo boima.

Mathata a mang a tsoang mali a teng nakong ea tsoalo mme a fetisoa ka malapa (a futsitsoeng). Tse ling li tsoa ho:

• Maloetse, a kang khaello ea vithamine K kapa lefu le matla la sebete
• Kalafo, joalo ka ts'ebeliso ea lithethefatsi ho emisa mali a thibelang mali (anticoagulants) kapa ts'ebeliso ea nako e telele ea lithibela-mafu

Mathata a ho tsoa mali le ona a ka hlaha ka lebaka la bothata ba palo kapa ts'ebetso ea lisele tsa mali tse khothalletsang mali ho hoama (li-platelet). Mathata ana a ka futsetsoa kapa a holisoa hamorao (a fumanoa). Litla-morao tsa lithethefatsi tse ling hangata li lebisa mefuteng e fumanoeng.

Matšoao a ka kenyelletsa efe kapa efe ea tse latelang:

• Ho tsoa madi ka manonyeletso kapa mesifa
• Ho rohakana habonolo
• Ho tsoa mali haholo
• Ho tsoa mali haholo khoeling
• Madi a nkoang madi a sa emeng habonolo
• Ho tsoa mali a mangata ka mekhoa ea ho buoa
• Mokokotlo o tsoa mali kamora ho hlaha

Mathata a hlahang a ipapisitse le bothata bo itseng ba ho tsoa mali, le hore na bo matla hakae.

Liteko tse ka etsoang li kenyelletsa:

• Palo e felletseng ea mali (CBC)
• Nako ea karoloana ea thromboplastin (PTT)
• Teko ea pokello ea Platelet
• Nako ea Prothrombin (PT)
• Ho kopanya thuto, tlhahlobo e khethehileng ea PTT ho netefatsa khaello ea lintlha

Kalafo e ipapisitse le mofuta oa bokuli. E ka kenyelletsa:

• Phetolo ea lintlha tse qalang
• Tšelo e ncha ea mali a leqhoa
• Tšelo ea Platelet
• Mefuta e meng ea kalafo

Fumana lintlha tse ling ka mathata a tsoa mali ka lihlopha tsena:

• Setsi sa Naha sa Haemophilia: Mefokolo e Meng ea Lintlha - www.hemophilia.org/Bleeding-Disorders/Types-of-Bleeding-Disorders/Other-Factor-Deficience
• National Hemophilia Foundation: Tlholo ho Basali ba nang le Mathata a Mali - www.hemophilia.org/Community-Resource/Women-with-Bleeding-Disorders/Victory-for-Women-with-Blood-Disorders
• Lefapha la Bophelo le Litšebeletso tsa Botho la US - www.womenshealth.gov/a-z-topics/bleeding-disorder

Sephetho se boetse se ipapisitse le bothata bona. Mathata a mantlha a tsoa mali a ka laoloa. Ha bothata bo bakoa ke mafu, joalo ka DIC, sephetho se tla itšetleha ka hore na lefu leo ​​le ka phekoloa hantle hakae.

Mathata a ka kenyelletsa:

• Ho tsoa mali bokong
• Ho tsoa mali a mangata (hangata ho tsoa pampitšaneng ea meno kapa likotsi)

Mathata a mang a ka hlaha, ho latela bothata bona.

Bitsa mofani oa hao oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo haeba u hlokomela ho tsoa mali ho sa tloaelehang kapa ho matla.

Thibelo e ipapisitse le bothata bo itseng.

Coagulopathy

Gailani D, Wheeler AP, Neff AT. Mathata a sa tloaelehang a li-coagulation. Ka: Hoffman R, Benz EJ, Silberstein LE, et al, eds. Hematology: Melao-motheo le Tloaelo ea Motheo. La 7th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: khaolo ea 137.

Holo ea JE. Hemostasis le coagulation ea mali. Ka: Holo ea JE, ed. Buka ea Guyton le Hall ea Physiology ea Bongaka. 13th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: khaolo ea 37.

Mokha oa Nichols WL. Lefu la Von Willebrand le ho se tloaelehang ha hemorrhagic ha platelet le ts'ebetso ea methapo. Ka: Goldman L, Schafer AI, li-eds. Phekolo ea Goldman-Cecil. La 25th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: khaolo ea 173.

Ragni MV. Mathata a hemorrhagic: ho haelloa ke lebaka la coagulation. Ka: Goldman L, Schafer AI, li-eds. Phekolo ea Goldman-Cecil. La 25th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: khaolo ea 174.