Masapo

Shingles (herpes zoster) ke lekhopho le bohloko la letlalo. E bakoa ke varicella-zoster virus, setho sa lelapa la herpes la livaerase. Ena ke vaerase e bakang le ts'oaetso ea kana.

Kamora ho fumana ts'oaetso, 'mele oa hau ha o felise vaerase. Ho e-na le hoo, vaerase e lula 'meleng empa ha e sebetse (e fetoha boroko) methapong e meng' meleng. Shingles e etsahala kamora hore vaerase e sebetse hape methapong ena kamora lilemo tse ngata. Batho ba bangata ba ne ba e-na le bothata bo bobebe ba kokoana-hloko hoo ba sa hlokomeleng hore ba na le tšoaetso.

Lebaka leo ka lona kokoana-hloko e sebetsang hape ka tšohanyetso ha e hlake. Hangata ke tlhaselo e le 'ngoe feela e hlahang.

Maselese a ka hlaha sehlopheng sefe kapa sefe sa lilemo. U na le monyetla oa ho hlaolela boemo haeba:

• U moholo ho feta lilemo tse 60
• U ne u e-na le khōhō pele ho lilemo tse 1
• Ts'ireletso ea hau ea 'mele e fokolisitsoe ke meriana kapa mafu

Haeba motho e moholo kapa ngoana a kopana ka kotloloho le li-shingles rash mme a se na ts'oaetso ea bongoana ha a sa le ngoana kapa a fumana vaksine ea poultpox, ba ka ba le ts'oaetso ea likhoho, eseng li-shingles.

Letšoao la pele hangata ke bohloko, ho hlohlona kapa ho chesa ho etsahalang ka lehlakoreng le leng la 'mele. Bohloko le ho chesa ho ka ba matla 'me hangata li ba teng pele ho hlaha lekhopho.

Matlalo a khubelu letlalong, a lateloa ke machachetsi a manyane, a hlaha ho batho ba bangata:

• Marabele a robeha, 'me a etsa liso tse nyane tse qalang ho oma ebe li theha makhakhapha. Makhasi a oa ka libeke tse peli ho isa ho tse tharo. Ho qhekella ho sa tloaelehang.
• Hangata lekhopho le kenyelletsa sebaka se moqotetsane ho tloha mokokotlong ho potoloha ho ea pele mpeng kapa sefubeng.
• Ho phatloha ho ka kenyelletsa sefahleho, mahlo, molomo le litsebe.

Matšoao a mang a kenyeletsa:

• Feberu le ho bata
• Boikutlo bo bobe ba kakaretso
• Ho opeloa ke hlooho
• Bohloko bo kopaneng
• Litšoelesa tsa ho ruruha (lymph nodes)

U kanna oa ba le bohloko, bofokoli ba mesifa le ho phatloha ho amanang le likarolo tse fapaneng tsa sefahleho sa hau haeba li-shingles li ama methapo sefahlehong sa hau. Matšoao a ka kenyelletsa:

• Ho thata ho tsamaisa mesifa e meng sefahlehong
• Letlalo le thellisang (ptosis)
• Ho lahleheloa ke kutlo
• Tahlehelo ea motsamao oa mahlo
• Mathata a tatso
• Mathata a pono

Mofani oa hao oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo a ka etsa hore a hlahlojoe ka ho sheba letlalo la hao le ho botsa nalane ea hau ea bongaka.

Liteko ha li hlokahale hangata, empa li ka kenyelletsa ho nka sampole ea letlalo ho bona hore na letlalo le na le vaerase.

Liteko tsa mali li ka bontša keketseho ea lisele tse tšoeu tsa mali le lithibela-mafu ho kokoana-hloko ea khōhō. Empa liteko li ke ke tsa tiisa hore lekhopho le bakoa ke li-shingles.

Mofani oa hau a ka fana ka moriana o loantšang vaerase, o bitsoang moriana o thibelang likokoana-hloko. Meriana ena e thusa ho fokotsa bohloko, ho thibela mathata le ho khutsufatsa nako ea lefu lena.

Meriana e sebetsa haholo ha e qalisoa nakong ea lihora tse 72 ho tloha ha o qala ho utloa bohloko kapa ho cha. Ho molemo ho qala ho li nka pele li-blisters li hlaha. Hangata meriana e fanoa ka foromo ea pilisi. Batho ba bang ba kanna ba hloka ho fumana meriana ka methapo (ea IV).

Meriana e matla e thibelang ho ruruha e bitsoang corticosteroids, joalo ka prednisone, e ka sebelisoa ho fokotsa ho ruruha le bohloko.Meriana ena ha e sebetse bathong bohle.

Meriana e meng e ka kenyelletsa:

• Li-antihistamine ho fokotsa ho hlohlona (ho nkoa ka molomo kapa ho sebelisoa letlalong)
• Meriana ea bohloko
• Zostrix, tranelate e nang le capsaicin (pepere e ntšitsoeng) ho fokotsa bohloko

Latela litaelo tsa mofani oa hau mabapi le hore na u ka itlhokomela joang lapeng.

Mehato e meng e ka kenyelletsa:

• Ho hlokomela letlalo la hau ka ho sebelisa litlolo tse pholileng tse metsi ho fokotsa bohloko le ho hlapa
• Ho phomola betheng ho fihlela feberu e theoha

Lula hole le batho ha liso tsa hau li ntse li foka ho qoba ho tšoaetsa ba e-so ka ba e-ba le ts'oaetso - haholo-holo bakhachane.

Herpes zoster hangata e hlakola libeke tse 2 ho isa ho tse 3 mme e khutla ka seoelo. Haeba vaerase e ama methapo e laolang motsamao (methapo ea motlakase), o kanna oa ba le bofokoli ba nakoana kapa bo sa feleng kapa ho holofala.

Ka linako tse ling bohloko ba sebakeng seo marang-rang a etsahetseng ho sona bo ka nka likhoeli le lilemo. Bohloko bona bo bitsoa postherpetic neuralgia.

E etsahala ha methapo e senyehile kamora ho phatloha ha li-shingles. Bohloko bo fapana ho tloha boemong bo bonolo ho isa boemong bo matla haholo. Postherpetic neuralgia e na le monyetla oa ho etsahala ho batho ba fetang lilemo tse 60.

Mathata a ka kenyelletsa:

• Tlhaselo e 'ngoe ea li-shingles
• Likokoana-hloko tsa letlalo
• Bofofu (haeba li-shingles li hlaha ka leihlong)
• Ho se utloe litsebeng
• Tšoaetso, ho kenyelletsa le encephalitis ea sepsis (tšoaetso ea mali) ho batho ba nang le boits'ireletso ba mmele bo fokolang
• Ramsay Hunt syndrome haeba shingles e ama methapo ea sefahleho kapa ea tsebe

Bitsa mofani oa hau haeba u e-na le matšoao a shingles, haholo-holo haeba u na le sesole sa 'mele se fokolang kapa haeba matšoao a hau a ntse a tsoela pele kapa a mpefala. Li-shingles tse amang leihlo li ka lebisa bofofu bo sa feleng haeba u sa fumane tlhokomelo ea meriana ea tšohanyetso.

Se ke oa ama leqeba le machachetsi ho batho ba nang le li-shingles kapa phukhopo haeba u e-s'o ka u e-ba le kokoana-hloko kapa ente ea khofu.

Meento e 'meli ea li-shingles e teng ente ea "live" le "recombinant". Vaksine ea li-shingles e fapane le ea ente ea khōhō. Batho ba baholo ba baholo ba fumanang ente ea shingles ha ba na monyetla oa ho ba le mathata maemong ao.

Herpes zoster - li-shingles

• Herpes zoster (shingles) ka morao
• Letlalo la batho ba baholo
• Masapo
• Herpes zoster (shingles) - ho koala liso
• Herpes zoster (shingles) molaleng le lerameng
• Herpes zoster (shingles) letsohong
• Herpes zoster (shingles) e phatlalalitsoe

Dinulos JGH. Li-warts, herpes simplex le mafu a mang a vaerase. Ka: Dinulos JGH, e hlophisitsoeng. Kalafi ea Dermatology. La 7th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: khaolo ea 12.

Whitley RJ. Khohopox le herpes zoster (varicella-zoster virus). Ka: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, bahlophisi. Mandell, Douglas, le Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. La 9th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: khaolo ea 136.