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#1 Absolute Best Way To Lose Belly Fat For Good - Doctor Explains
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Lefu la bokong la metastatic ke mofetše o qalileng karolong e ngoe ea 'mele' me oa namela bokong.

Mefuta e mengata ea hlahala kapa mofetše e ka namela bokong. Tse tloaelehileng haholo ke tsena:

  • Kankere ea matšoafo
  • Kankere ea matsoele
  • Melanoma
  • Kankere ea liphio
  • Kankere ea Colon
  • Lefuemia

Mefuta e meng ea mofets'e ha e atamele bokong joalo ka mofetše oa senya. Maemong a mang, hlahala e ka namela bokong e tsoa sebakeng se sa tsejoeng. Sena se bitsoa mofets'e oa mofuta o sa tsejoeng oa mathomo (CUP).

Lihlahala tse ntseng li hola tsa boko li ka beha khatello likarolong tse haufi tsa boko. Ho ruruha ha boko ka lebaka la lihlahala tsena le hona ho baka khatello e eketsehileng ka har'a lehata.

Lihlahala tsa boko tse jalang li arotsoe ho latela sebaka sa hlahala bokong, mofuta oa lisele tse amehang, le sebaka sa pele sa hlahala.

Lihlahala tsa methapo ea methapo li etsahala hoo e ka bang kotara e le 'ngoe (25%) ea mofetše oohle o namelang' meleng. Li atile haholo ho feta lihlahala tsa mantlha tsa boko (lihlahala tse qalang bokong).


Matšoao a ka kenyelletsa efe kapa efe ea tse latelang:

  • Tšebelisano e fokotsehileng, ho se tsotelle, ho oa
  • Boikutlo bo tebileng ba ho kula kapa mokhathala
  • Ho opeloa ke hlooho, e ncha kapa e matla ho feta tloaelo
  • Ho lahleheloa ke mohopolo, kahlolo e fosahetseng, ho thatafalloa ho rarolla mathata
  • Boqhetseke, ho hlohlona, ​​bohloko le liphetoho tse ling tsa maikutlo
  • Botho boa fetoha
  • Liphetoho tse potlakileng tsa maikutlo kapa boits'oaro bo makatsang
  • Lits'oants'o tse ncha
  • Mathata ka puo
  • Phetoho ea pono, pono e habeli, pono e fokotsehileng
  • Ho hlatsa, ka ho nyekeloa kapa ntle le
  • Bofokoli ba sebaka sa mmele

Matšoao a khethehileng a fapana. Matšoao a tloaelehileng a mefuta e mengata ea lihlahala tsa methapo ea methapo a bakoa ke khatello e eketsehileng bokong.

Tlhatlhobo e ka bonts'a liphetoho tsa sistimi ea boko le methapo ho ipapisitse le moo hlahala e leng bokong. Matšoao a khatello e eketsehileng ka lehata le ona a atile. Lihlahala tse ling li kanna tsa se bontše matšoao ho fihlela li le kholo haholo. Joale, li ka baka ho theoha ka potlako ts'ebetsong ea methapo.


Hlahala ea pele (ea mantlha) e ka fumanoa ka ho hlahloba lisele tsa hlahala tse tsoang bokong.

Liteko li ka kenyelletsa:

  • Mammogram, CT e hlahloba sefuba, mpa le noka ho fumana sebaka sa pele sa hlahala
  • CT scan kapa MRI ea boko ho netefatsa tlhahlobo le ho khetholla sebaka sa hlahala (MRI hangata e na le kutloelo-bohloko ho fumana lihlahala bokong)
  • Ho hlahlojoa lisele tse tlositsoeng hlahala nakong ea ts'ebetso kapa CT scan- kapa biopsy e tataisoang ke MRI ho netefatsa mofuta oa hlahala
  • Lumbar puncture (pompo ea mokokotlo)

Kalafo e ipapisitse le:

  • Boholo le mofuta oa hlahala
  • Sebaka mmeleng ho tloha moo e hasang teng
  • Bophelo bo botle ba motho ka kakaretso

Morero oa kalafo e kanna ea ba ho fokotsa matšoao, ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso, kapa ho fana ka matšeliso.

Kalafo ea radiation ea boko bo felletseng (WBRT) hangata e sebelisoa ho phekola lihlahala tse nametseng bokong, haholoholo haeba ho na le lihlahala tse ngata, mme ho buuoa ha se khetho e ntle.

Phekolo e ka sebelisoa ha ho na le hlahala e le 'ngoe mme mofetše o sa namela likarolong tse ling tsa' mele. Lihlahala tse ling li ka tlosoa ka botlalo. Lihlahala tse tebileng kapa tse kenang liseleng tsa boko li ka fokotsoa ka boholo (li theotsoe).


Ho buoa ho ka fokotsa khatello le ho imolla matšoao maemong ao hlahala e ke keng ea tlosoa.

Chemotherapy bakeng sa lihlahala tsa methapo ea methapo hangata ha e thuse joalo ka ho buoa kapa radiation. Mefuta e meng ea lihlahala e arabela chemotherapy.

Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) le eona e ka sebelisoa. Mofuta ona oa kalafo ea radiation o lebisa tlhokomelo ho x-ray e matla sebakeng se senyenyane sa boko. E sebelisoa ha ho na le lihlahala tse fokolang feela.

Meriana ea matšoao a hlahala bokong e kenyelletsa:

  • Li-anticonvulsants tse kang phenytoin kapa levetiracetam ho fokotsa kapa ho thibela ho oela
  • Corticosteroids joalo ka dexamethasone ho fokotsa ho ruruha ha boko
  • Li-diuretics tsa Osmotic tse kang hypertonic saline kapa mannitol ho fokotsa ho ruruha ha boko
  • Meriana ea bohloko

Ha mofetše o hasane, kalafo e ka shebana le ho kokobetsa bohloko le matšoao a mang. Sena se bitsoa tlhokomelo e tšehetsang kapa e tšehetsang.

Mehato ea boiketlo, mehato ea tšireletseho, kalafo ea 'mele, kalafo ea mosebetsing, le kalafo tse ling li ka ntlafatsa bophelo ba mokuli. Batho ba bang ba kanna ba batla likeletso tsa molao ho ba thusa ho theha tataiso le matla a 'muelli oa molao bakeng sa tlhokomelo ea bophelo.

U ka fokotsa khatello ea maikutlo ea bokuli ka ho kenela sehlopha sa ts'ehetso ea mofets'e. Ho arolelana le ba bang ba nang le liphihlelo tse tšoanang le mathata ho ka u thusa hore u se ke ua ikutloa u le mong.

Bakeng sa batho ba bangata ba nang le lihlahala tsa bokong, kankere ha e phekolehe. Qetellong e tla namela libakeng tse ling tsa 'mele. Phatlalatso e latela mofuta oa hlahala le hore na e arabela joang kalafong.

Mathata a bophelo bo botle a ka hlahang a kenyelletsa:

  • Herniation ea boko (e bolaeang)
  • Ho lahleheloa ke bokhoni ba ho sebetsa kapa ho itlhokomela
  • Ho lahleheloa ke matla a ho sebelisana
  • Ts'ebetso e sa feleng ea methapo ea methapo e mpefalang ha nako e ntse e feta

Bitsa mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo haeba u ba le hlooho e opang e sa feleng kapa e fapaneng le ea hau.

Bitsa mofani oa hau kapa u ee kamoreng ea maemo a tšohanyetso haeba uena kapa motho e mong eo u mo tsebang ka tšohanyetso a ba botsoa kapa a ba le liphetoho tsa pono, kapa ho holofala ha puo, kapa a oela ka tsela e ncha kapa e fapaneng.

Hlahala ea boko - metastatic (mahareng); Kankere - hlahala ea boko (metastatic)

  • Mahlaseli a boko - ho tsoa
  • Ho buuoa ka bongoa - ho tsoa
  • Phekolo ea radiation - lipotso tseo u ka li botsang ngaka ea hau
  • Boko
  • MRI ea boko

Clifton W, Reimer R. Metastatic lihlahala tsa boko. Ka: Chaichana K, Quiñones-Hinojosa A, eds. Kakaretso e akaretsang ea Mekhoa ea sejoale-joale ea ho buoa ea li-Brain Tumors tsa kahare. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: khaolo ea 8.

Dorsey JF, Salinas RD, Dang M, le al. Kankere ea tsamaiso ea methapo e bohareng. Ka: Niederhuber JE, Armitage JO, Kastan MB, Doroshow JH, Tepper JE, bahlophisi. Abeloff's Clinical Oncology. La 6th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: khaolo ea 63.

Moholo JB, Nahed BV, Linskey ME, Olson JJ. Congress of Neurological Surgeons tlhahlobo e hlophisitsoeng le tataiso e thehiloeng bopaking mabapi le karolo ea kalafo e hlahang le ea lipatlisiso bakeng sa kalafo ea batho ba baholo ba nang le lihlahala tsa metastatic tsa boko. Phekolo ea meriana. 2019; 84 (3): E201-E203. PMID 30629215 e fetotsoe.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30629215/.

Webosaete ea National Cancer Institute. Kalafo ea batho ba baholo ea methapo ea kalafo (PDQ) - mofuta oa litsebi tsa bophelo bo botle. www.cancer.gov/types/brain/hp/culture-brain-treatment-pdq. E ntlafalitsoe ka la 22 Pherekhong 2020. E fihlile ka la 12 Hlakola 2020.

Olson JJ, Kalkanis SN, Ryken TC. Congress of Neurological Surgeons Review Systematic and Guid-based Guidelines bakeng sa kalafo ea batho ba baholo ba nang le lihlahala tsa metastatic tsa boko: kakaretso ea phethahatso. Phekolo ea meriana. 2019; 84 (3): 550-552. PMID 30629218 e fetotsoe.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30629218/.

Patel AJ, Lang FF, Suki D, DM ea Wildrick, Sawaya R. Metastatic lihlahala tsa boko. Ka: Winn HR, e hlophisitsoeng. Phekolo ea Youmans le Winn Neurological. La 7th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: khaolo ea 146.

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