Dementia ka lebaka la lisosa tsa metabolic

Dementia ke tahlehelo ea ts'ebetso ea boko e hlahang ka mafu a itseng.

Dementia ka lebaka la ts'oaetso ea 'mele ke tahlehelo ea ts'ebetso ea boko e ka bang teng ka lits'ebetso tse sa tloaelehang tsa lik'hemik'hale' meleng. Ka a mang a mathata ana, haeba a ka phekoloa kapele, ho se sebetse hantle ha boko ho ka fetoha. Ho senyeha ha boko ho sa alafshoang, ho sa feleng, joalo ka 'dementia', ho ka etsahala.

Lisosa tse ka bang teng tsa ts'oaetso ea 'dementia' li kenyelletsa:

• Mathata a Hormonal, joalo ka lefu la Addison, Cushing disease
• Ho pepesetsoa tšepe e matla, joalo ka lead, arsenic, mercury kapa manganese
• Pheta liketsahalo tsa tsoekere e tlase maling (hypoglycemia), tse atisang ho bonoa ho batho ba nang le lefu la tsoekere ba sebelisang insulin
• Boemo bo phahameng ba khalsiamo maling, joalo ka lebaka la hyperparathyroidism
• Boemo bo tlase ba lihormone tsa qoqotho (hypothyroidism) kapa lihormone tsa qoqotho (thyrotoxicosis) 'meleng
• Cirrhosis ea sebete
• Ho hloleha ha liphio
• Mathata a phepo e nepahetseng, joalo ka khaello ea vithamine B1, khaello ea vithamine B12, pellagra, kapa khaello ea phepo e nepahetseng ea protheine
• Porphyria
• Chefo, joalo ka methanol
• Tšebeliso e matla ea joala
• Lefu la Wilson
• Mathata a mitochondria (likarolo tse hlahisang matla tsa lisele)
• Liphetoho tse potlakileng maemong a sodium

Mathata a metabolism a ka baka pherekano le liphetoho menahanong kapa monahanong. Liphetoho tsena e kanna ea ba tsa nakoana kapa tsa nako e telele. Dementia e etsahala ha matšoao a sa fetohe. Matšoao a ka fapana ho bohle. Ba ipapisitse le boemo ba bophelo bo botle bo bakang 'dementia'.

Matšoao a pele a 'dementia' a kenyeletsa:

• Ho thatafalloa ke mesebetsi e nahanang empa e tloaetse ho tla ha bonolo, joalo ka ho lekanya buka ea ho hlahloba, ho bapala lipapali (joalo ka borokho), le ho ithuta tlhaiso-leseling e ncha kapa litloaelo
• Ho lahleha litseleng tse tloaelehileng
• Mathata a puo, joalo ka bothata ba mabitso a lintho tse tloaelehileng
• Ho felloa ke thahasello linthong tse neng li natefeloa pele, maikutlo a bataletseng
• Ho beha lintho tse fosahetseng
• Liphetoho tsa botho le tahlehelo ea tsebo ea sechaba, e ka lebisang mekhoeng e sa lokelang
• Liphetoho tsa maikutlo tse ka bakang linako tsa pefo le matšoenyeho
  
• Ho se sebetse hantle mosebetsing ho bakang ho theoha mosebetsing kapa ho felloa ke mosebetsi
  

Ha 'dementia' e ntse e mpefala, matšoao a totobetse hape a kena-kenana le bokhoni ba ho itlhokomela:

• Ho fetola mekhoa ea boroko, hangata ho tsoha bosiu
• Ho lebala lintlha ka liketsahalo tsa morao-rao, ho lebala liketsahalo tsa nalane ea bophelo ba motho
• Ho ba le bothata ba ho etsa mesebetsi ea mantlha, e kang ho pheha lijo, ho khetha liaparo tse nepahetseng, kapa ho khanna
• Ho ba le lipono, likhang, ho hlasela le ho itšoara ka mabifi
• Ho thatafalloa ho bala kapa ho ngola
• Kahlolo e fosahetseng le ho lahleheloa ke matla a ho lemoha kotsi
• Ho sebelisa lentsoe le fosahetseng, ho se bitse mantsoe hantle, ho bua ka lipolelo tse ferekanyang
• Ho tlohela ho kopana le sechaba

Motho eo a ka ba le matšoao a bokuli bo bakileng 'dementia'.

Ho ipapisitse le sesosa, tsamaiso ea methapo (tlhahlobo ea methapo ea pelo) e etsoa ho tseba mathata.

Liteko tsa ho fumana boemo ba bongaka bo bakang 'dementia' li ka kenyelletsa:

• Boemo ba ammonia maling
• Khemistri ea mali, li-electrolyte
• Tekanyo ea tsoekere ea mali
• BUN, creatinine ho lekola tšebetso ea liphio
• Liteko tsa ts'ebetso ea sebete
• Lumbar puncture (pompo ea mokokotlo)
• Tlhahlobo ea phepo e nepahetseng
• Liteko tsa mosebetsi oa qoqotho
• Ho hlahloba urinal
• Boemo ba vithamine B12

Ho thibela mathata a itseng a boko, hangata EEG (electroencephalogram), hlooho CT scan, kapa hlooho ea MRI scan e etsoa.

Morero oa kalafo ke ho sebetsana le bothata le taolo ea matšoao. Ka mathata a mang a metabolism, kalafo e ka emisa kapa ea fetola matšoao a 'dementia'.

Meriana e sebelisetsoang ho phekola lefu la Alzheimer ha e so bontšoe hore e sebeletsa mefuta ena ea mathata. Ka linako tse ling, lithethefatsi tsena li sebelisoa leha ho le joalo, ha mekhoa e meng ea kalafo e hloleha ho laola mathata a teng.

Merero e boetse e lokela ho etsoa bakeng sa tlhokomelo ea lapeng bakeng sa batho ba nang le 'dementia'.

Sephetho sea fapana, ho latela sesosa sa 'dementia' le bongata ba tšenyo bokong.

Mathata a ka kenyelletsa tse latelang:

• Ho lahleheloa ke bokhoni ba ho sebetsa kapa ho itlhokomela
• Ho lahleheloa ke matla a ho sebelisana
• Pneumonia, tšoaetso ea moroto le tšoaetso ea letlalo
• Liso tsa khatello
• Matšoao a bothata bo ka sehloohong (joalo ka tahlehelo ea maikutlo ka lebaka la kotsi ea methapo e tsoang khaellong ea vithamine B12)

Bitsa kopano le mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo haeba matšoao a mpefala kapa a tsoela pele. E-ea kamoreng ea maemo a tšohanyetso kapa u letsetse nomoro ea ts'ohanyetso ea lehae (joalo ka 911) haeba ho ka ba le phetoho ea tšohanyetso maemong a kelello kapa ts'ohanyetso e sokelang bophelo.

Ho sebetsana le sesosa se ka fokotsang kotsi ea 'dementia' ea 'mele.

Boko bo sa foleng - metabolic; Kutloisiso e bonolo - ts'oaetso; MCI - metabolic

• Boko
• Boko le tsamaiso ea methapo

Budson AE, Solomone PR. Mathata a mang a bakang ho lahleheloa ke mohopolo kapa 'dementia'. Ka: Budson AE, Solomon PR, bahlophisi. Tahlehelo ea Memori, Lefu la Alzheimer, le Dementia. Lekhetlo la bobeli. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: khaolo ea 14.

Knopman DS. Bofokoli ba kelello le 'dementia'. Ka: Goldman L, Schafer AI, li-eds. Phekolo ea Goldman-Cecil. La 26th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: khaolo ea 374.

Peterson R, Graff-Radford J. Alzheimer le mafu a mang a 'dementia'. Ka: Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, bahlophisi. Neurology ea Bradley ho Tloaelo ea Bongaka. La 7th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: khaolo ea 95.