Khaello ea mali ea vithamine B12

Phokolo ea mali ke boemo boo 'mele o se nang lisele tse khubelu tsa mali tse phetseng hantle. Lisele tse khubelu tsa mali li fana ka oksijene lithong tsa 'mele. Hona le mefuta e mengata ea phokolo ea mali.

Khaello ea mali ea vithamine B12 ke palo e tlase ea lisele tse khubelu tsa mali ka lebaka la khaello ea vithamine B12.

'Mele oa hau o hloka vithamine B12 ho etsa lisele tse khubelu tsa mali. Bakeng sa ho fana ka vithamine B12 liseleng tsa hau:

• U tlameha ho ja lijo tse nang le vithamine B12, joalo ka nama, likhoho, tlhapi ea tlhapi, mahe, lijo-thollo tsa lijo tsa hoseng tse matlafalitsoeng le lihlahisoa tsa lebese.
• 'Mele oa hau o tlameha ho monya vithamine B12 e lekaneng. Protheine e khethehileng, e bitsoang "intrinsic factor", e thusa 'mele oa hau ho etsa sena. Protheine ena e hlahisoa ke lisele tse ka mpeng.

Ho haella ha vithamine B12 ho ka bakoa ke mabaka a phepo, ho kenyelletsa:

• Ho ja lijo tse thata tsa batho ba sa jeng nama
• Lijo tse fokolang tsa masea
• Phepo e fosahetseng nakong ea bokhachane

Maemo a mang a bophelo bo botle a ka thatafalletsa 'mele oa hau ho amohela vithamine B12 e lekaneng. Li kenyeletsa:

• Tšebeliso ea joala
• Lefu la Crohn, lefu la celiac, tšoaetso ea tapeworm ea tlhapi, kapa mathata a mang a etsang hore ho be thata ho 'mele oa hau ho cheka lijo
• Phokolo ea mali e matla, mofuta oa vithamine ea mali ea vithamine B12 e hlahang ha 'mele oa hau o senya lisele tse etsang karolo ea bohlokoa
• Phekolo e tlosang likarolo tse itseng tsa mpa kapa mala a manyane, joalo ka liopereishene tsa boima ba 'mele
• Ho nka meriana e thibelang likokoana-hloko le meriana e meng ea ho ferekana ha pelo nako e telele
• Tlhekefetso ea "khase e tšehang" (nitrous oxide)

Mohlomong ha u na matšoao. Matšoao a ka ba bonolo.

Matšoao a ka kenyelletsa:

• Letšollo kapa ho patoa
• Mokhathala, ho hloka matla, kapa ho ba hlooho e bobebe ha u eme kapa ka boiteko
• Ho felloa ke takatso ea lijo
• Letlalo le putswa
• Ho ikutloa u teneha kapele
• Phefumoloho e khutšoanyane, haholo nakong ea boikoetliso
• Ho ruruha, leleme le lefubedu kapa marenene a tsoang mali

Haeba u na le vithamine B12 e tlase nako e telele, u ka ba le tšenyo ea methapo. Matšoao a tšenyo ea methapo a kenyelletsa:

• Pherekano kapa phetoho ea boemo ba kelello ('dementia') maemong a boima
• Mathata a tsepamisa maikutlo
• Psychosis (ho lahleheloa ke kamano le 'nete)
• Ho lahleheloa ke botsitso
• Ho ba lerootho le ho hlohlona ha matsoho le maoto
• Litlelase

Mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo o tla etsa tlhahlobo ea 'mele. Sena se ka senola mathata ka maikutlo a hau.

Liteko tse ka etsoang li kenyelletsa:

• Palo e felletseng ea mali (CBC)
• Palo ea Reticulocyte
• Lebelo la Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)
• Boemo ba serum bilirubin
• Boemo ba vithamine B12
• Boemo ba Methylmalonic acid (MMA)
• Tekanyo ea serum homocysteine ​​(amino acid e fumanoang maling)

Mekhoa e meng e ka etsoang e kenyelletsa:

• Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) ho hlahloba mpa
• Enteroscopy ho hlahloba mala a manyane
• Bops marrow biopsy haeba tlhahlobo e sa hlaka

Kalafo e ipapisitse le sesosa sa khaello ea mali ea B12.

Morero oa kalafo ke ho eketsa vithamine B12 ea hau.

• Kalafo e ka kenyelletsa vithamine B12 hang ka khoeli. Haeba o na le boemo bo tlase haholo ba B12, o kanna oa hloka lithunya tse ngata qalong. Ho ka etsahala hore o kanna oa hloka ho thunngoa khoeli le khoeli bophelo bohle ba hau.
• Batho ba bang ba ka arabela kalafo ka ho noa vithamine B12 ka molomo.

Mofani oa hau o tla khothaletsa hore o je lijo tse fapaneng.

Batho ba nang le mofuta ona oa phokolo ea mali hangata ba sebetsa hantle ka kalafo.

Ho haella ha vithamine B12 ea nako e telele ho ka baka tšenyo ea methapo. Sena se ka ba sa ruri haeba u sa qale kalafo nakong ea likhoeli tse tšeletseng ho tloha ha matšoao a hau a qala.

Khaello ea mali ea vithamine B12 hangata e arabela hantle kalafong. E kanna ea ntlafala ha ho sebetsoa sesosa sa khaello.

Mosali ea nang le boemo bo tlase ba B12 a ka ba le Pap smear e fosahetseng. Lebaka ke hore khaello ea vithamine B12 e ama tsela eo lisele tse ling (lisele tsa epithelial) tse molomong oa molomo li shebahalang ka eona.

Bitsa mofani oa hau haeba u na le matšoao a phokolo ea mali.

U ka thibela khaello ea mali e bakoang ke khaello ea vithamine B12 ka ho ja lijo tse nang le phepo e nepahetseng.

Ho thunngoa ha vithamine B12 ho ka thibela phokolo ea mali haeba u kile ua etsoa opereishene e tsebahalang e bakang khaello ea vithamine B12.

Ho fumanoa kapele le kalafo e potlakileng ho ka fokotsa kapa ha thibela mathata a amanang le boemo bo tlase ba vithamine B12.

Phokolo ea mali ea Megaloblastic macrocytic

• Phokolo ea mali ea Megaloblastic - pono ea lisele tse khubelu tsa mali
• Hypersegmented PMN (Haufi)

Antony AC. Li-anemias tsa Megaloblastic. Ka: Hoffman R, Benz EJ, Silberstein LE, et al, eds. Hematology: Melao-motheo le Tloaelo ea Motheo. La 7th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: khaolo ea 39.

E bolela RT. Atamela li-anemias. Ka: Goldman L, Schafer AI, li-eds. Phekolo ea Goldman-Cecil. La 26th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: khaolo ea 149.

Perez DL, Murray ED, Theko BH. Ho tepella maikutlo le psychosis ts'ebetsong ea methapo. Ka: Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, bahlophisi. Neurology ea Bradley ho Tloaelo ea Bongaka. La 7th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: khaolo ea 10.